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Digital Radiography & PACS
Pages 1–28 | Complete Questions, Answers & Explanations
| Artifacts, QC, Histogram, Sampling
43) Sampling below Nyquist frequency causes?
Answer: Aliasing
Rationale: Misregistration of anatomy.
44) Preprocessing for uniform density/contrast?
Answer: Automatic rescaling
Rationale: Standardizes exposure regardless of technique.
45) Histogram is anatomy-specific?
Answer: True
Rationale: Distribution varies by body part.
46) Window level controls?
Answer: Image brightness
Rationale: Adjusts midpoint of grayscale.
47) Window width controls?
Answer: Image contrast
Rationale: Adjusts range of gray tones.
48) Exposure received by IR (not patient)?
Answer: Exposure Index (EI)
Rationale: Reflects detector response.
| PACS, CR, DR Systems
49) PACS stands for?
Answer: Picture Archiving and Communication System
Rationale: Manages storage and retrieval of digital images.
50) PSP systems are also called?
Answer: Computed radiography (CR)
Rationale: Uses photostimulable phosphor plates.
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51) FPD categories?
Answer: Direct and indirect capture
Rationale: Method of x-ray conversion differs.
52) CR plate active phosphor family?
Answer: Barium fluorohalide
Rationale: Stores energy for later readout.
| Computers, Networks & Display
53) Bits in a byte?
Answer: 8
Rationale: Standard digital memory unit.
54) Computer device providing power?
Answer: Power Supply
Rationale: Supplies and stabilizes electrical energy.
55) Refresh rate definition?
Answer: Number of times per second the electron beam refreshes screen lines; also called
vertical scan rate
Rationale: Determines monitor smoothness.
56) Resolution definition?
Answer: Clarity of an image; viewable area measured diagonally from one corner to opposite
Rationale: Higher resolution provides sharper images.
| Spine Anatomy & Positioning
1) When vertebrae are stacked, the superior and inferior vertebral notches align to form which
opening for spinal nerves and blood vessels?
Answer: Intervertebral foramen
Rationale: This opening allows passage of spinal nerves and blood vessels.
2) Condition characterized by abnormal convex curvature of the thoracic spine?
Answer: Kyphosis
Rationale: Produces excessive posterior thoracic curvature.
3) Formed by articulation of superior and inferior articular processes?
Answer: Zygapophyseal joint
Rationale: Also called facet joints; control spinal movement.
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Digital Radiography & PACS
Pages 1–28 | Complete Questions, Answers & Explanations
| Artifacts, QC, Histogram, Sampling
43) Sampling below Nyquist frequency causes?
Answer: Aliasing
Rationale: Misregistration of anatomy.
44) Preprocessing for uniform density/contrast?
Answer: Automatic rescaling
Rationale: Standardizes exposure regardless of technique.
45) Histogram is anatomy-specific?
Answer: True
Rationale: Distribution varies by body part.
46) Window level controls?
Answer: Image brightness
Rationale: Adjusts midpoint of grayscale.
47) Window width controls?
Answer: Image contrast
Rationale: Adjusts range of gray tones.
48) Exposure received by IR (not patient)?
Answer: Exposure Index (EI)
Rationale: Reflects detector response.
| PACS, CR, DR Systems
49) PACS stands for?
Answer: Picture Archiving and Communication System
Rationale: Manages storage and retrieval of digital images.
50) PSP systems are also called?
Answer: Computed radiography (CR)
Rationale: Uses photostimulable phosphor plates.
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51) FPD categories?
Answer: Direct and indirect capture
Rationale: Method of x-ray conversion differs.
52) CR plate active phosphor family?
Answer: Barium fluorohalide
Rationale: Stores energy for later readout.
| Computers, Networks & Display
53) Bits in a byte?
Answer: 8
Rationale: Standard digital memory unit.
54) Computer device providing power?
Answer: Power Supply
Rationale: Supplies and stabilizes electrical energy.
55) Refresh rate definition?
Answer: Number of times per second the electron beam refreshes screen lines; also called
vertical scan rate
Rationale: Determines monitor smoothness.
56) Resolution definition?
Answer: Clarity of an image; viewable area measured diagonally from one corner to opposite
Rationale: Higher resolution provides sharper images.
| Spine Anatomy & Positioning
1) When vertebrae are stacked, the superior and inferior vertebral notches align to form which
opening for spinal nerves and blood vessels?
Answer: Intervertebral foramen
Rationale: This opening allows passage of spinal nerves and blood vessels.
2) Condition characterized by abnormal convex curvature of the thoracic spine?
Answer: Kyphosis
Rationale: Produces excessive posterior thoracic curvature.
3) Formed by articulation of superior and inferior articular processes?
Answer: Zygapophyseal joint
Rationale: Also called facet joints; control spinal movement.
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