Homework 8 – Pediatrics Answer Key

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Detailed Answer Key
Homework 8 - Pediatrics




1. A nurse is collecting data from a 9-month-old infant. Which of the following findings would require further
intervention?


A. Positive Babinski reflex
Rationale: The Babinski reflex disappears after 1 year of age. Therefore, a 9-month-old infantwith a
positive Babinski reflex is a finding that does not require further intervention.

B. Positive Moro reflex
Rationale: The Moro reflex disappears approximately at 3-4 months of age. Therefore, a 9-month-
old infant with a positive Moro reflex is a finding that requires further intervention

C. Negative Doll’s eye reflex
Rationale: A negative Doll’s eye reflex is a normal finding. Therefore, a 9-month-old infant with a
negative Doll’s eye reflex is a finding that does not require further intervention.

D. Negative Crawl reflex
Rationale: A negative Crawl reflex disappears after 6 months of age. Therefore, a 9-month-oldinfant
with a negative Crawl reflex is a finding that does not require further intervention.


2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching a parent of a child who has a fracture of the epiphyseal plate. Which of thefollowing
is an appropriate statement by the nurse?


A. “The blood supply to the bone is disrupted.”
Rationale: Children heal fractures in less time than adults because of the generous bloodsupply to the
bone and the epiphyseal plate.

B. “Normal bone growth can be affected.”
Rationale: A fracture of the epiphyseal plate can affect growth in a child. Therefore, it needs tobe
detected and treated rapidly.

C. “Bone marrow can be lost though the fracture.”
Rationale: The epiphyseal plate is the cartilage growth plate. Therefore, bone marrow is notlost
through this type of fracture.

D. “The healing process will take longer.”
Rationale: Children heal fractures in less time than adults because of the generous bloodsupply to the
bone and the epiphyseal plate.




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3. A nurse is planning to speak to a group of adolescents about toxic shock syndrome (TSS). The nurse knowsthat TSS is
commonly associated with which of the following?


A. High-absorbency tampons
Rationale: Toxic shock syndrome, a severe disease caused by a toxin made by Staphylococcus
aureus, is characterized by shock and multiple organ dysfunction. Itmost often affects
menstruating women who use highly absorbent tampons.

B. Mosquito bites
Rationale: Mosquito bites are not associated with TSS.

C. International travel
Rationale: International travel is not associated with TSS.

D. Multiple sexual partners
Rationale: TSS is not associated with multiple sexual partners.


4. A nurse is collecting data from an infant. Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis?


A. Absent bowel sounds
Rationale: Visible gastric peristaltic waves moving from the left to the right are a clinicalmanifestation
of pyloric stenosis.

B. Increased sodium level
Rationale: Vomiting causes a depletion of fluid and electrolytes, therefore a decrease in serumsodium
levels is a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis.

C. Projectile vomiting after feedings
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis is a narrowing and thickening of the pyloric canal between thestomach and
the duodenum resulting in projectile vomiting.

D. Golf ball-sized mass over the left quadrant
Rationale: An olive-shaped mass is palpable right of the umbilicus is a clinical manifestation ofpyloric
stenosis.




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5. A nurse is planning care for a child who has juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following is an
appropriate action for the nurse to take?


A. Administer opioids on a schedule.
Rationale: NSAIDs are used to control pain. Therefore, administering opioids on a schedule isnot an
appropriate action for the nurse to take.

B. Schedule prolonged periods of complete joint immobilization daily.
Rationale: Physical mobility will assist in preserving function and maintaining mobility.
Therefore, prolonged periods of complete joint immobilization is not an appropriateaction
for the nurse to take.

C. Apply cool compresses for 20 minutes every hour.
Rationale: Heat is beneficial for relieving pain and stiffness. Therefore, applying cool compresses for
20 minutes every hour is not an appropriate action for the nurse totake.

D. Maintain night splints to the affected joint.
Rationale: Maintaining night splints to the affected joints will assist in range of motion.
Therefore, this is an appropriate action for the nurse to take.




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Homework 8 - Pediatrics



6. A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has mild persistent asthma. Which of the following is an expected finding?
(Select all that apply.)


A. Symptoms are continuous throughout the day.

B. Daytime symptoms occur more than twice a week.

C. Nighttime symptoms occur approximately twice a month.

D. Minor limitations occur with normal activity.

E. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) is greater than or equal to 80% of the predicted value.

Rationale: Symptoms are continuous throughout the day is incorrect. Continual asthmasymptoms
throughout the day are seen with severe persistent asthma.

Daytime symptoms occur more than twice a week is correct. A child with mild
persistent asthma will typically have daytime symptoms more than twice a week,but not
daily.

Nighttime symptoms occur approximately twice a month is incorrect. Nighttime
symptoms occurring approximately twice a month are seen with intermittent asthma.

Minor limitations occur with normal activity is correct. A child with mild persistentasthma
will have some minor limitations with normal daily activities.

Peak expiratory flow (PEF) is greater than or equal to 80% of the predicted value is correct.
A child with mild persistent asthma will have a PEF greater than or equal to 80% of the
predicted value.




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