Pediatrics Exam 2
Practice Questions &
Answers
Comprehensive Explanations
& Rationales
Key Concepts • Review
Questions • Exam Preparation
,Any tumor that arises from new, abnormal growth is a Neoplasm
Two ways that cancer cells spread -Invasion
-Metastasis
Why is staging done for tumors To determine the type of treatment to be used and the prognosis
T/F: The cause fo most childhood cancers is unknown True
T/F: Screening tests for cancer in childhood are the same False
as adult cancer screening tests
T/F: Cancer in children is a common occurrence False
T/F: Symptoms of cancer in children resemble those of True
common childhood illnesses
Three primary treatment modalities for child with cancer -Chemotherapy
-Surgery
-Radiation
How is a child positioned for a bone marrow aspiration Prone position w/ a small pillow under the hips to facilitate access to the posterior
iliac crest
Chemotherapy utilizes the use of what to kill cancer cells? Drugs
Three body systems whose cells are most often affected -Hemopoietic
by chemotherapy -GI Tract
-Integumentary System
Which antiemetic drug has been found to be more effective Aprepitant (Emennd)
in treating chemotherapy-induced nausea & vomiting?
What is the purpose of a biopsy? -Performed to determine whether a tumor is malignant or benign
-Also used for a diagnostic aid for other conditions such as infections
How would a central venous catheter facilitate Provides easier access to the venous system
chemotherapy administration?
Side effects of radiation therapy are specific to what? -Dose
-Treatment site
, The side effects of radiation therapy usually appear how 7-10 days
many days after initiation of treatment?
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) -Stem cell transplantation uses a unique immature cell to help restore immune
function
-Stem cells are able to differentiate into any type of hematologic cell
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) Medical procedure that utilizes bone marrow to reconstitute the immune function
after high dose chemotherapy
Hematopoietic stem cells are able to differentiate into? Any type of hematologic cells
Autologous Transplant Transplanted cells come from the patient
Allogenic Transplant Transplanted cells come from a related or unrelated donor
Umbilical cord blood Source of stem cells for transplantation
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) Occurs when transplanted bone marrow recognizes the recipient's tissue as foreign
Engraftment Naturally occurring biologic agents that simulate the recovery of WBCs, RBCs and
platelets
Conditioning Goal is to eradicate any disease from the body with high dose chemotherapy and
radiation therapy
Colony-stimulating factors Occurs when the transplanted cells produce WBCs, red blood cells and platelets
Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC's) Source of stem cell for autologous transplants
Leukemia is caused by the proliferation of what? Immature WBCs
Five clinical manifestations of leukemia -Fever/Pallor
-Excessive Bruising
-Bone/Joint pain
-Lymphadenopathy/malaise
-Abnormal WBC counts
Diagnostic test that confirms a diagnosis of leukemia Microscopic exam of bone marrow obtained by aspiration and biopsy
Practice Questions &
Answers
Comprehensive Explanations
& Rationales
Key Concepts • Review
Questions • Exam Preparation
,Any tumor that arises from new, abnormal growth is a Neoplasm
Two ways that cancer cells spread -Invasion
-Metastasis
Why is staging done for tumors To determine the type of treatment to be used and the prognosis
T/F: The cause fo most childhood cancers is unknown True
T/F: Screening tests for cancer in childhood are the same False
as adult cancer screening tests
T/F: Cancer in children is a common occurrence False
T/F: Symptoms of cancer in children resemble those of True
common childhood illnesses
Three primary treatment modalities for child with cancer -Chemotherapy
-Surgery
-Radiation
How is a child positioned for a bone marrow aspiration Prone position w/ a small pillow under the hips to facilitate access to the posterior
iliac crest
Chemotherapy utilizes the use of what to kill cancer cells? Drugs
Three body systems whose cells are most often affected -Hemopoietic
by chemotherapy -GI Tract
-Integumentary System
Which antiemetic drug has been found to be more effective Aprepitant (Emennd)
in treating chemotherapy-induced nausea & vomiting?
What is the purpose of a biopsy? -Performed to determine whether a tumor is malignant or benign
-Also used for a diagnostic aid for other conditions such as infections
How would a central venous catheter facilitate Provides easier access to the venous system
chemotherapy administration?
Side effects of radiation therapy are specific to what? -Dose
-Treatment site
, The side effects of radiation therapy usually appear how 7-10 days
many days after initiation of treatment?
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) -Stem cell transplantation uses a unique immature cell to help restore immune
function
-Stem cells are able to differentiate into any type of hematologic cell
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) Medical procedure that utilizes bone marrow to reconstitute the immune function
after high dose chemotherapy
Hematopoietic stem cells are able to differentiate into? Any type of hematologic cells
Autologous Transplant Transplanted cells come from the patient
Allogenic Transplant Transplanted cells come from a related or unrelated donor
Umbilical cord blood Source of stem cells for transplantation
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) Occurs when transplanted bone marrow recognizes the recipient's tissue as foreign
Engraftment Naturally occurring biologic agents that simulate the recovery of WBCs, RBCs and
platelets
Conditioning Goal is to eradicate any disease from the body with high dose chemotherapy and
radiation therapy
Colony-stimulating factors Occurs when the transplanted cells produce WBCs, red blood cells and platelets
Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC's) Source of stem cell for autologous transplants
Leukemia is caused by the proliferation of what? Immature WBCs
Five clinical manifestations of leukemia -Fever/Pallor
-Excessive Bruising
-Bone/Joint pain
-Lymphadenopathy/malaise
-Abnormal WBC counts
Diagnostic test that confirms a diagnosis of leukemia Microscopic exam of bone marrow obtained by aspiration and biopsy
