PSYC 140 MODULE 8
EXAM WITH ABSOLUTE
RESOLUTIONS.
,Module Question: Compare and contrast primary and secondary aging. -
correct ans:Primary aging is biological and genetically influenced. Secondary
aging is aging that is caused by lifestyle and the environment.
Primary aging is biological aging caused by genes, this aging is unavoidable,
while Secondary aging is not inevitable and is mostly cause by our lifes
choices and the environment.
Module question: What are some logical and scientific problems with the
"wear and tear" theory of aging? - correct ans:The body does an amazing job
of repairing itself under normal circumstances. Also, individuals who engage
in moderate to vigorous exercise and activity are typically healthier and
longer-lived compared to more sedentary individuals.
Module Question: What are some current explanations for why we age
biologically? - correct ans:Specific genes seem to be at least partly
responsible for longevity as well as the age at which noticeable physical
changes occur in aging. Other genetic theories consider cumulative effects
that damage DNA and therefore result in aging.
Module question: Describe three subtypes of neurocognitive disorders
discussed in this module. - correct ans:Choose three of the following:
-Parkinson's Disease: may cause a neurocognitive disorder. Symptoms
include anxiety, depression, hallucinations, and personality changes.
-Cognitive declines due to Vascular Disease: are due to a cerebrovascular
event such as a stroke. Risk factors include hypertension, smoking, obesity
and any factors that contribute to cerebrovascular disease.
-A Traumatic brain injury: (which involves trauma to the brain from impact to
the head, paired with a number of symptoms such as loss of consciousness
or amnesia) can result in cognitive impairment such as difficulty
concentrating and slowed processing.
-Substance/medication induced neurocognitive disorder: is due to usually a
lifetime of heavy drug use such as alcohol abuse. This may result in the
individual having severe problems with concentrating as well as some motor
problems.
, -A Prion disease: is caused by transmissible agents called prions. For
example, a form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is known as "mad cow disease."
In humans, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is very rare. While the precise process
for developing a prion disease is not well understood, research indicates that
transmission can occur by corneal transplantation, injection, and possibly
physical contacted with contaminated matter.
-A number of individuals with an HIV Infection have a neurocognitive disorder
that is tied to this disease. Approximately 25% of individuals with HIV have
symptoms for at least a mild neurocognitive disorder.
-Alzheimer's disease: (named after the discoverer, Dr. Alzheimer) is the most
common type of dementia (60% of cases)
Module question: Summarize what the progression of Alzheimer's disease
often looks like, being sure to incorporate the three time points in your
summary. - correct ans:Early stages: problems with declarative memory and
language. Social activities, daily activities, and mood may be affected.
Middle stages: progressive memory deterioration and problems with common
words and names. Problems with self-care. May have spatial reasoning
difficulties and may be unaware of the year/month/current location. Final
stages: completely unable to care for self.
Module question: Your grandmother is concerned that she might have
Alzheimer's disease. What is your response to her based on the 10 warning
signs of Alzheimer's disease linked in this module? - correct ans:I would tell
my grandma that it's natural to worry about Alzheimer's, I would also
reassure her that memory changes are common with aging, but it's
important to distinguish between typical age-related changes and those that
might signal something more serious, like Alzheimer's. For example, while it's
normal to occasionally forget names or appointments and later remember
them, persistent memory loss that disrupts daily life—such as forgetting
recently learned information or asking the same questions repeatedly—could
be a sign of Alzheimer's. Other warning signs to be aware of include difficulty
with planning or solving problems, confusion about time or place, trouble
understanding visual images, or problems with speaking and writing. If she is
experiencing any of these symptoms, it's important to talk to a doctor. Early
detection can help with symptom management and maintaining
independence for as long as possible.
EXAM WITH ABSOLUTE
RESOLUTIONS.
,Module Question: Compare and contrast primary and secondary aging. -
correct ans:Primary aging is biological and genetically influenced. Secondary
aging is aging that is caused by lifestyle and the environment.
Primary aging is biological aging caused by genes, this aging is unavoidable,
while Secondary aging is not inevitable and is mostly cause by our lifes
choices and the environment.
Module question: What are some logical and scientific problems with the
"wear and tear" theory of aging? - correct ans:The body does an amazing job
of repairing itself under normal circumstances. Also, individuals who engage
in moderate to vigorous exercise and activity are typically healthier and
longer-lived compared to more sedentary individuals.
Module Question: What are some current explanations for why we age
biologically? - correct ans:Specific genes seem to be at least partly
responsible for longevity as well as the age at which noticeable physical
changes occur in aging. Other genetic theories consider cumulative effects
that damage DNA and therefore result in aging.
Module question: Describe three subtypes of neurocognitive disorders
discussed in this module. - correct ans:Choose three of the following:
-Parkinson's Disease: may cause a neurocognitive disorder. Symptoms
include anxiety, depression, hallucinations, and personality changes.
-Cognitive declines due to Vascular Disease: are due to a cerebrovascular
event such as a stroke. Risk factors include hypertension, smoking, obesity
and any factors that contribute to cerebrovascular disease.
-A Traumatic brain injury: (which involves trauma to the brain from impact to
the head, paired with a number of symptoms such as loss of consciousness
or amnesia) can result in cognitive impairment such as difficulty
concentrating and slowed processing.
-Substance/medication induced neurocognitive disorder: is due to usually a
lifetime of heavy drug use such as alcohol abuse. This may result in the
individual having severe problems with concentrating as well as some motor
problems.
, -A Prion disease: is caused by transmissible agents called prions. For
example, a form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is known as "mad cow disease."
In humans, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is very rare. While the precise process
for developing a prion disease is not well understood, research indicates that
transmission can occur by corneal transplantation, injection, and possibly
physical contacted with contaminated matter.
-A number of individuals with an HIV Infection have a neurocognitive disorder
that is tied to this disease. Approximately 25% of individuals with HIV have
symptoms for at least a mild neurocognitive disorder.
-Alzheimer's disease: (named after the discoverer, Dr. Alzheimer) is the most
common type of dementia (60% of cases)
Module question: Summarize what the progression of Alzheimer's disease
often looks like, being sure to incorporate the three time points in your
summary. - correct ans:Early stages: problems with declarative memory and
language. Social activities, daily activities, and mood may be affected.
Middle stages: progressive memory deterioration and problems with common
words and names. Problems with self-care. May have spatial reasoning
difficulties and may be unaware of the year/month/current location. Final
stages: completely unable to care for self.
Module question: Your grandmother is concerned that she might have
Alzheimer's disease. What is your response to her based on the 10 warning
signs of Alzheimer's disease linked in this module? - correct ans:I would tell
my grandma that it's natural to worry about Alzheimer's, I would also
reassure her that memory changes are common with aging, but it's
important to distinguish between typical age-related changes and those that
might signal something more serious, like Alzheimer's. For example, while it's
normal to occasionally forget names or appointments and later remember
them, persistent memory loss that disrupts daily life—such as forgetting
recently learned information or asking the same questions repeatedly—could
be a sign of Alzheimer's. Other warning signs to be aware of include difficulty
with planning or solving problems, confusion about time or place, trouble
understanding visual images, or problems with speaking and writing. If she is
experiencing any of these symptoms, it's important to talk to a doctor. Early
detection can help with symptom management and maintaining
independence for as long as possible.
