Summary MEMORY HIERARCHY

The document has been summarized to provide the learner with information on:One-the levels of the memory hierarchy from the lower level to the upper level and vice versa. Two, the ABCs of cache that is the principle of locality, the various definitions, the various cache measures, block placement measures and improving cache performance. Three, reducing cache misses which comprises of classifying misses, higher associativity and victim caches. Four, reducing cache miss penalty which consists of prioritization of read misses over write, sub block placement for reduced miss penalty, early restart and critical word first and second level caches. Five, reducing hit time consisting of small and simple caches and avoid address translation during indexing of cache. Six, the main memory consisting of only the independent memory banks. Seven, the virtual memory which entails definitions, paging, questions about the memory and techniques for fast address translation. Lastly, protection and examples that is protection primitives and protection of the pentium.