BIO 235 (Genetics) Unit 1 | Questions with 100% Verified
Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: The complex formed from DNA and histone proteins is called _____.
Answer: chromatin
Question: A bacterial cell divides in a process called _____.
Answer: binary fission
Question: In plants, meiosis produces haploid cells during which phase of development?
Answer: sporophyte
Question: Prokaryotic cells tend to possess _____ chromosome(s) per cell, while eukaryotic
cells have _____ chromosome(s) per cell.
Answer: one; multiple
Question: In some bacteria, newly replicated chromosomes separate by
Answer: anchoring to opposite sides of the cell membrane.
Question: Which of these occurs during meiosis II but not during meiosis I?
Answer: Individual chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate.
Question: Archaea are more similar to bacteria in _____, but more similar to eukaryotes in
_____.
Answer: cell structure; genetic processes
Question: Eduardo is observing onion root tip cells under a light microscope. The cells have
been dyed so that the chromosomes appear to be a darker purple on a lighter
background. Most of the cells Eduardo observes will be in what phase?
Answer: interphase
Question: A secondary spermatocyte divides and gives rise to two _____.
Answer: spermatids
Question: Reem is looking at a slide under a scanning electron microscope. She sees a
number of ovoid masses, each with a darker spot near the middle. She identifies
the dark spots as nuclei. She also sees dark masses around the nucleus that she
identifies as organelles. Reem is looking at _______.
Answer: eukaryotic cells
, Question: Considering the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, which of
these statements is TRUE?
Answer: The presence of histones distinguishes the tightly packed DNA of eukaryotes from
prokaryotes.
Question: Imagine you are designing a research project at a lab. You need an organism that
can grow in a petri dish, can replicate itself, and has a simple genome. Which
organism should you pick?
Answer: prokaryote
Question: A cell in G1 has eight chromosomes. How many DNA molecules will be present in
this cell when it is in metaphase of mitosis?
Answer: 16
Question: Successful cell reproduction requires:
Answer: DNA replication, copy separation, and cell division.
Question: Assume that a cell has 40 chromatids at metaphase of mitosis. How many DNA
molecules will it have at metaphase II of meiosis?
Answer: 20
There will be 10 chromosomes at metaphase II, and each will consist of two DNA
molecules.
Question: In a flowering plant species the diploid or 2n chromosome number is 18. How many
chromosomes would you expect to find in the endosperm of this species?
Answer: 27
The endosperm is 3n in chromosome number
Question: A standard petri dish has a surface area of 314 millimeters squared, which is
equivalent to 314,000 micrometers squared. What is the maximum number of
prokaryotic cells that could fit on the petri dish and completely cover the surface?
Use the range given for prokaryotic cell size.
Answer: 4000-400,000 cells
Since the diameter of a prokaryotic cell ranges from 1 to 10 micrometers (0.785-78.5
micrometers squared), 4000-40,000 cells should fit on the surface of the petri dish.
Question: A primary oocyte has 14 pairs of sister chromatids. How many DNA molecules will a
secondary oocyte have undergoing anaphase II of meiosis?
Answer: 14
During anaphase I, the seven pairs of sister chromatids are separating, and each
chromatid consists of one DNA molecule.
Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: The complex formed from DNA and histone proteins is called _____.
Answer: chromatin
Question: A bacterial cell divides in a process called _____.
Answer: binary fission
Question: In plants, meiosis produces haploid cells during which phase of development?
Answer: sporophyte
Question: Prokaryotic cells tend to possess _____ chromosome(s) per cell, while eukaryotic
cells have _____ chromosome(s) per cell.
Answer: one; multiple
Question: In some bacteria, newly replicated chromosomes separate by
Answer: anchoring to opposite sides of the cell membrane.
Question: Which of these occurs during meiosis II but not during meiosis I?
Answer: Individual chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate.
Question: Archaea are more similar to bacteria in _____, but more similar to eukaryotes in
_____.
Answer: cell structure; genetic processes
Question: Eduardo is observing onion root tip cells under a light microscope. The cells have
been dyed so that the chromosomes appear to be a darker purple on a lighter
background. Most of the cells Eduardo observes will be in what phase?
Answer: interphase
Question: A secondary spermatocyte divides and gives rise to two _____.
Answer: spermatids
Question: Reem is looking at a slide under a scanning electron microscope. She sees a
number of ovoid masses, each with a darker spot near the middle. She identifies
the dark spots as nuclei. She also sees dark masses around the nucleus that she
identifies as organelles. Reem is looking at _______.
Answer: eukaryotic cells
, Question: Considering the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, which of
these statements is TRUE?
Answer: The presence of histones distinguishes the tightly packed DNA of eukaryotes from
prokaryotes.
Question: Imagine you are designing a research project at a lab. You need an organism that
can grow in a petri dish, can replicate itself, and has a simple genome. Which
organism should you pick?
Answer: prokaryote
Question: A cell in G1 has eight chromosomes. How many DNA molecules will be present in
this cell when it is in metaphase of mitosis?
Answer: 16
Question: Successful cell reproduction requires:
Answer: DNA replication, copy separation, and cell division.
Question: Assume that a cell has 40 chromatids at metaphase of mitosis. How many DNA
molecules will it have at metaphase II of meiosis?
Answer: 20
There will be 10 chromosomes at metaphase II, and each will consist of two DNA
molecules.
Question: In a flowering plant species the diploid or 2n chromosome number is 18. How many
chromosomes would you expect to find in the endosperm of this species?
Answer: 27
The endosperm is 3n in chromosome number
Question: A standard petri dish has a surface area of 314 millimeters squared, which is
equivalent to 314,000 micrometers squared. What is the maximum number of
prokaryotic cells that could fit on the petri dish and completely cover the surface?
Use the range given for prokaryotic cell size.
Answer: 4000-400,000 cells
Since the diameter of a prokaryotic cell ranges from 1 to 10 micrometers (0.785-78.5
micrometers squared), 4000-40,000 cells should fit on the surface of the petri dish.
Question: A primary oocyte has 14 pairs of sister chromatids. How many DNA molecules will a
secondary oocyte have undergoing anaphase II of meiosis?
Answer: 14
During anaphase I, the seven pairs of sister chromatids are separating, and each
chromatid consists of one DNA molecule.
