BIOL 252 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the functions of hormones?
| | | | |
Messenger molecule |
What is the neuroendocrine system?
| | | |
The endocrine and nervous system
| | | |
How are hormones circulated throughout the body: local v circulating
| | | | | | | | | |
hormones?
Local= act on neighboring cells without entering the bloodstream
| | | | | | | |
Circulating= enter the bloodstream to act on a far cell
| | | | | | | | |
Define endocrine glands and endocrine tissues.
| | | | |
,Endocrine glands are specific to the endocrine system and their only
| | | | | | | | | | |
function is to make hormones
| | | |
Endocrine tissues have hormone cells but have other functions
| | | | | | | |
How does the mechanism of transport differ for lipid v water-soluble
| | | | | | | | | | |
hormones? How are they transported and what do they require once
| | | | | | | | | | |
they reach a cell
| | |
>First and second messenger systems
| | | |
Lipid soluble requires a transport protein (albumin) to travel and once
| | | | | | | | | | |
reaching the cell can cross the lipid bilayer
| | | | | | |
Water soluble can travel freely in the body but once reaching the cell
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
will need a second messenger that is released once iterating with
| | | | | | | | | | |
receptor
How are hormones regulated (i.e. up and down regulation)? What
| | | | | | | | | |
feedback mechanisms take place?
| | |
Up-regulation- increating receptors of a hormone (when it's low)
| | | | | | | |
,Down-regulation- decreasing receptors of a hormone (when it's too
| | | | | | | | |
high)
Hormone interactions: Permissive
| |
Permissive- allows for another hormone to act and enhances its effect
| | | | | | | | | | |
(precursor)
Hormone interactions: synergistic
| |
Synergistic-produce the same effect as other hormones- resulting in a
| | | | | | | | | |
stronger response
|
Hormone interactions: antagonist effects
| | |
Antagonistic- are those that try to return the body to homeostatic
| | | | | | | | | | |
conditions (down-regulation)
|
, Identify the hormones secreted by the hypothalamus
| | | | | |
ADH (inc water reab), oxytocin (milk)
| | | | |
Identify the hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary
| | | | | | |
ACTH (regulates cortisol), MSH (melanin), GH (grows bone and muscle),
| | | | | | | | | |
TSH
Identify the hormones secreted by the poster pituitary
| | | | | | |
Gonadotropins, ADH, prolactin, and oxytocin
| | | |
Identify the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland
| | | | | | |
T3, T4(metabolism) Calcitonin (decreases calcium)
| | | |
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the functions of hormones?
| | | | |
Messenger molecule |
What is the neuroendocrine system?
| | | |
The endocrine and nervous system
| | | |
How are hormones circulated throughout the body: local v circulating
| | | | | | | | | |
hormones?
Local= act on neighboring cells without entering the bloodstream
| | | | | | | |
Circulating= enter the bloodstream to act on a far cell
| | | | | | | | |
Define endocrine glands and endocrine tissues.
| | | | |
,Endocrine glands are specific to the endocrine system and their only
| | | | | | | | | | |
function is to make hormones
| | | |
Endocrine tissues have hormone cells but have other functions
| | | | | | | |
How does the mechanism of transport differ for lipid v water-soluble
| | | | | | | | | | |
hormones? How are they transported and what do they require once
| | | | | | | | | | |
they reach a cell
| | |
>First and second messenger systems
| | | |
Lipid soluble requires a transport protein (albumin) to travel and once
| | | | | | | | | | |
reaching the cell can cross the lipid bilayer
| | | | | | |
Water soluble can travel freely in the body but once reaching the cell
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
will need a second messenger that is released once iterating with
| | | | | | | | | | |
receptor
How are hormones regulated (i.e. up and down regulation)? What
| | | | | | | | | |
feedback mechanisms take place?
| | |
Up-regulation- increating receptors of a hormone (when it's low)
| | | | | | | |
,Down-regulation- decreasing receptors of a hormone (when it's too
| | | | | | | | |
high)
Hormone interactions: Permissive
| |
Permissive- allows for another hormone to act and enhances its effect
| | | | | | | | | | |
(precursor)
Hormone interactions: synergistic
| |
Synergistic-produce the same effect as other hormones- resulting in a
| | | | | | | | | |
stronger response
|
Hormone interactions: antagonist effects
| | |
Antagonistic- are those that try to return the body to homeostatic
| | | | | | | | | | |
conditions (down-regulation)
|
, Identify the hormones secreted by the hypothalamus
| | | | | |
ADH (inc water reab), oxytocin (milk)
| | | | |
Identify the hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary
| | | | | | |
ACTH (regulates cortisol), MSH (melanin), GH (grows bone and muscle),
| | | | | | | | | |
TSH
Identify the hormones secreted by the poster pituitary
| | | | | | |
Gonadotropins, ADH, prolactin, and oxytocin
| | | |
Identify the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland
| | | | | | |
T3, T4(metabolism) Calcitonin (decreases calcium)
| | | |
