NURS 611 Patho Exam 2 2027 Real Exam Questions and
Answers
Question 1.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system responsible for?
Correct Answer: Conserving energy and the body's resources
Question 2.
What is the sympathetic nervous system responsible for?
Correct Answer: Catecholamine release - Epinephrine
Mobilizing energy stores and decreasing release of insulin
Redistributing blood low - Increasing to muscles and lungs (flight) and
decreasing to GI/Integumentary
Question 3.
What are the classifications of primary brain injury?
Correct Answer: Focal or diffuse
Question 4.
What are focal brain injuries?
Correct Answer: Specific, grossly observable lesions that occur in a precise
location
Question 5.
What are examples of focal brain injuries?
Correct Answer: Epidural hemorrhage and subdural hemorrhage
Question 6.
What are examples of diffuse brain injuries?
Correct Answer: Hypoxia, meningitis, encephalitis, and damage to blood
vessels
• What can happen with increased intracranial pressures? -✓✓Collateral
dysfunction such as Diabetes Insipidus
Question 7.
What are characteristics of autonomic hyperreflexia?
Correct Answer: Paroxysmal hypertension, pounding headache, blurred vision,
sweating above level of lesion with flushing of skin, nasal congestion, nausea,
, piloerection causes by pilomotor spasm, and bradycardia.
Question 8.
What is the sequence of events leading to hyperreflexia induced bradycardia?
Correct Answer: Stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve to the sinoatrial nose
The intact autonomic nervous system reflexively responds with arteriolar
spasm that increases blood pressure
Baroreceptors in the cerebral vessels, carotid sinus, and aorta sense the
hypertension and stimulation the parasympathetic nervous system
The heart rate decreases, but the visceral and peripheral vessels do not dilate
because efferent impulses cannot pass through the cord
Question 9.
What are the onset of delirium and dementia?
Correct Answer: Delirium - acute and common during hospitalization
Dementia - usually insidious and can be acute in situations such as trauma or
stroke
Question 10.
What conditions are associated with delirium?
Correct Answer: UTI, thyroid disorders, hypoxia, hypoglycemia, toxicity,
fluid-electrolyte imbalance, renal insufficiency, trauma, multiple medications
• What conditions are associated with dementia? -✓✓May have no other
conditions
Question 11.
What is the course of delirium?
Correct Answer: Fluctuates and remits with treatment
Question 12.
What is the course with dementia?
Correct Answer: chronic slow decline
Question 13.
What is the duration of delirium?
Correct Answer: Hours to weeks
Answers
Question 1.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system responsible for?
Correct Answer: Conserving energy and the body's resources
Question 2.
What is the sympathetic nervous system responsible for?
Correct Answer: Catecholamine release - Epinephrine
Mobilizing energy stores and decreasing release of insulin
Redistributing blood low - Increasing to muscles and lungs (flight) and
decreasing to GI/Integumentary
Question 3.
What are the classifications of primary brain injury?
Correct Answer: Focal or diffuse
Question 4.
What are focal brain injuries?
Correct Answer: Specific, grossly observable lesions that occur in a precise
location
Question 5.
What are examples of focal brain injuries?
Correct Answer: Epidural hemorrhage and subdural hemorrhage
Question 6.
What are examples of diffuse brain injuries?
Correct Answer: Hypoxia, meningitis, encephalitis, and damage to blood
vessels
• What can happen with increased intracranial pressures? -✓✓Collateral
dysfunction such as Diabetes Insipidus
Question 7.
What are characteristics of autonomic hyperreflexia?
Correct Answer: Paroxysmal hypertension, pounding headache, blurred vision,
sweating above level of lesion with flushing of skin, nasal congestion, nausea,
, piloerection causes by pilomotor spasm, and bradycardia.
Question 8.
What is the sequence of events leading to hyperreflexia induced bradycardia?
Correct Answer: Stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve to the sinoatrial nose
The intact autonomic nervous system reflexively responds with arteriolar
spasm that increases blood pressure
Baroreceptors in the cerebral vessels, carotid sinus, and aorta sense the
hypertension and stimulation the parasympathetic nervous system
The heart rate decreases, but the visceral and peripheral vessels do not dilate
because efferent impulses cannot pass through the cord
Question 9.
What are the onset of delirium and dementia?
Correct Answer: Delirium - acute and common during hospitalization
Dementia - usually insidious and can be acute in situations such as trauma or
stroke
Question 10.
What conditions are associated with delirium?
Correct Answer: UTI, thyroid disorders, hypoxia, hypoglycemia, toxicity,
fluid-electrolyte imbalance, renal insufficiency, trauma, multiple medications
• What conditions are associated with dementia? -✓✓May have no other
conditions
Question 11.
What is the course of delirium?
Correct Answer: Fluctuates and remits with treatment
Question 12.
What is the course with dementia?
Correct Answer: chronic slow decline
Question 13.
What is the duration of delirium?
Correct Answer: Hours to weeks
