NR 222 Exam 1 Questions and Correct
Answers with Rationale (verified answers) |
Latest Update 2026-2027 | Graded A+
1. Which of the following best describes the World Health Organization's
definition of health?
A) The absence of disease or infirmity
B) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
C) The ability to perform activities of daily living without assistance
D) Freedom from pain and suffering
Correct Answer: A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
Rationale: The WHO's holistic definition goes beyond the absence of disease to
include mental and social well-being. This definition emphasizes that health is a
multidimensional concept encompassing physical, mental, and social domains, not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
2. What is the primary function of the Agent-Host-Environment Model in
epidemiology?
A) To describe the subjective experience of illness
B) To identify the causative factor, susceptible host, and environmental conditions
that contribute to disease
C) To measure the quality of life of individuals with chronic illness
D) To classify health behaviors according to readiness for change
Correct Answer: To identify the causative factor, susceptible host, and
environmental conditions that contribute to disease
,Rationale: The Agent-Host-Environment Model is a classic epidemiological
framework used to understand the interaction between the causative agent (e.g.,
virus, bacteria), the susceptible host (e.g., person), and environmental factors that
contribute to disease occurrence. It is not focused on subjective illness
experience, quality of life, or behavior change.
3. According to the Health-Illness Continuum Model, how is health best
characterized?
A) As a fixed state determined by genetic factors
B) As a dynamic state in which individuals move back and forth between wellness
and illness
C) As the absence of any diagnosed medical condition
D) As a subjective feeling that cannot be measured
Correct Answer: As a dynamic state in which individuals move back and forth
between wellness and illness
Rationale: The Health-Illness Continuum Model represents health as a dynamic,
ever-changing state where individuals can move toward greater wellness or
toward illness depending on various factors. This model emphasizes that health is
not a static condition but a continuous spectrum.
4. Which term refers to the subjective experience of discomfort and the
individual's unique response to disease?
A) Disease
B) Illness
C) Pathology
D) Morbidity
Correct Answer: Illness
Rationale: Illness refers to the subjective experience of discomfort and the
individual's unique response to disease or disruption in normal functioning.
Disease, by contrast, refers to the objective pathological process itself. This
distinction is important for holistic nursing care.
, 5. In the clinical model of health, how is health defined?
A) As exuberant well-being and optimal functioning
B) As the absence of signs and symptoms of disease
C) As the ability to perform social roles
D) As the ability to adapt positively to change
Correct Answer: As the absence of signs and symptoms of disease
Rationale: The clinical model of health defines health as the absence of signs and
symptoms of disease. Individuals operating under this model may not seek
preventative care and only seek help when they are experiencing signs and
symptoms of an illness. This model is considered dangerous because it
discourages preventive health behaviors.
6. Which model of health emphasizes the ability to adjust positively to social,
mental, and physiological change?
A) Clinical model
B) Role performance model
C) Adaptive model
D) Eudaimonistic model
Correct Answer: Adaptive model
Rationale: The adaptive model of health measures health by the person's ability
to adjust positively to social, mental, and physiological change. Illness occurs
when the person is unable to adapt. This model emphasizes resilience and coping
capacity.
7. What is the primary focus of the role performance model of health?
A) The absence of physical symptoms
B) The ability to perform social roles such as work or family obligations
C) The individual's subjective sense of well-being
D) The integration of spiritual and physical health
, Correct Answer: The ability to perform social roles such as work or family
obligations
Rationale: The role performance model defines health in terms of individuals'
ability to perform social roles. Persons operating in this model are those being
seen for occupational or school-related physical exams or physician-excused
absences. It prevents individuals from performing activities of daily living when
they cannot fulfill their roles.
8. Which dimension of wellness is reflected when a client states, "I feel well
because I exercise daily, eat a balanced diet, and have strong relationships"?
A) Physical wellness only
B) Emotional wellness only
C) A holistic integration of multiple wellness dimensions
D) Spiritual wellness exclusively
Correct Answer: A holistic integration of multiple wellness dimensions
Rationale: The client's statement integrates physical wellness (exercise, diet),
emotional wellness (strong relationships), and social wellness, reflecting a holistic
view of health. Wellness is multidimensional and encompasses physical,
emotional, social, spiritual, intellectual, and environmental domains.
9. According to Dunn's model of high-level wellness, what does wellness
represent?
A) The absence of disease
B) A positive state in which incremental increases in health can be made beyond
the midpoint
C) A fixed state achieved after recovery from illness
D) The ability to perform activities of daily living without assistance
Correct Answer: A positive state in which incremental increases in health can be
made beyond the midpoint
Answers with Rationale (verified answers) |
Latest Update 2026-2027 | Graded A+
1. Which of the following best describes the World Health Organization's
definition of health?
A) The absence of disease or infirmity
B) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
C) The ability to perform activities of daily living without assistance
D) Freedom from pain and suffering
Correct Answer: A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
Rationale: The WHO's holistic definition goes beyond the absence of disease to
include mental and social well-being. This definition emphasizes that health is a
multidimensional concept encompassing physical, mental, and social domains, not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
2. What is the primary function of the Agent-Host-Environment Model in
epidemiology?
A) To describe the subjective experience of illness
B) To identify the causative factor, susceptible host, and environmental conditions
that contribute to disease
C) To measure the quality of life of individuals with chronic illness
D) To classify health behaviors according to readiness for change
Correct Answer: To identify the causative factor, susceptible host, and
environmental conditions that contribute to disease
,Rationale: The Agent-Host-Environment Model is a classic epidemiological
framework used to understand the interaction between the causative agent (e.g.,
virus, bacteria), the susceptible host (e.g., person), and environmental factors that
contribute to disease occurrence. It is not focused on subjective illness
experience, quality of life, or behavior change.
3. According to the Health-Illness Continuum Model, how is health best
characterized?
A) As a fixed state determined by genetic factors
B) As a dynamic state in which individuals move back and forth between wellness
and illness
C) As the absence of any diagnosed medical condition
D) As a subjective feeling that cannot be measured
Correct Answer: As a dynamic state in which individuals move back and forth
between wellness and illness
Rationale: The Health-Illness Continuum Model represents health as a dynamic,
ever-changing state where individuals can move toward greater wellness or
toward illness depending on various factors. This model emphasizes that health is
not a static condition but a continuous spectrum.
4. Which term refers to the subjective experience of discomfort and the
individual's unique response to disease?
A) Disease
B) Illness
C) Pathology
D) Morbidity
Correct Answer: Illness
Rationale: Illness refers to the subjective experience of discomfort and the
individual's unique response to disease or disruption in normal functioning.
Disease, by contrast, refers to the objective pathological process itself. This
distinction is important for holistic nursing care.
, 5. In the clinical model of health, how is health defined?
A) As exuberant well-being and optimal functioning
B) As the absence of signs and symptoms of disease
C) As the ability to perform social roles
D) As the ability to adapt positively to change
Correct Answer: As the absence of signs and symptoms of disease
Rationale: The clinical model of health defines health as the absence of signs and
symptoms of disease. Individuals operating under this model may not seek
preventative care and only seek help when they are experiencing signs and
symptoms of an illness. This model is considered dangerous because it
discourages preventive health behaviors.
6. Which model of health emphasizes the ability to adjust positively to social,
mental, and physiological change?
A) Clinical model
B) Role performance model
C) Adaptive model
D) Eudaimonistic model
Correct Answer: Adaptive model
Rationale: The adaptive model of health measures health by the person's ability
to adjust positively to social, mental, and physiological change. Illness occurs
when the person is unable to adapt. This model emphasizes resilience and coping
capacity.
7. What is the primary focus of the role performance model of health?
A) The absence of physical symptoms
B) The ability to perform social roles such as work or family obligations
C) The individual's subjective sense of well-being
D) The integration of spiritual and physical health
, Correct Answer: The ability to perform social roles such as work or family
obligations
Rationale: The role performance model defines health in terms of individuals'
ability to perform social roles. Persons operating in this model are those being
seen for occupational or school-related physical exams or physician-excused
absences. It prevents individuals from performing activities of daily living when
they cannot fulfill their roles.
8. Which dimension of wellness is reflected when a client states, "I feel well
because I exercise daily, eat a balanced diet, and have strong relationships"?
A) Physical wellness only
B) Emotional wellness only
C) A holistic integration of multiple wellness dimensions
D) Spiritual wellness exclusively
Correct Answer: A holistic integration of multiple wellness dimensions
Rationale: The client's statement integrates physical wellness (exercise, diet),
emotional wellness (strong relationships), and social wellness, reflecting a holistic
view of health. Wellness is multidimensional and encompasses physical,
emotional, social, spiritual, intellectual, and environmental domains.
9. According to Dunn's model of high-level wellness, what does wellness
represent?
A) The absence of disease
B) A positive state in which incremental increases in health can be made beyond
the midpoint
C) A fixed state achieved after recovery from illness
D) The ability to perform activities of daily living without assistance
Correct Answer: A positive state in which incremental increases in health can be
made beyond the midpoint
