Test Bank for Contemporary Nursing Issues, Trends, & Management,
10th Edition by Barbara Cherry 299 Questions and Answers
Chapter 1: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
1. Question: Who is recognized as the founder of modern nursing and nursing education, renowned for her work
during the Crimean War?
Answer: Florence Nightingale.
2. Question: Which iconic American nurse founded the American Red Cross and campaigned tirelessly for
humanitarian relief?
Answer: Clara Barton.
3. Question: Who established the Henry Street Settlement in New York City, launching the field of public health
nursing?
Answer: Lillian Wald.
4. Question: Who was America's first professionally trained African American nurse, graduating from the New
England Hospital for Women and Children in 1879?
Answer: Mary Mahoney.
5. Question: What war served as the catalyst for the rapid expansion of nursing schools and the integration of
specialized medical treatment by nurses on the battlefields?
Answer: The American Civil War (and later World Wars I and II).
6. Question: What publication by Goldmark in 1923 recommended that nursing education be established within
institutions of higher learning rather than hospital training schools?
Answer: The Goldmark Report.
7. Question: What organization, founded in 1896 as the Nurses' Associated Alumnae of the United States and
Canada, later became known as the American Nurses Association (ANA)?
Answer: The American Nurses Association.
8. Question: What federal legislation enacted in 1946 provided crucial funding for the construction of
community hospitals and healthcare facilities across the United States?
Answer: The Hill-Burton Act (Hospital Survey and Construction Act of 1946).
9. Question: Which pioneer established the Frontier Nursing Service in Kentucky to provide midwifery and
nursing care to rural and isolated populations?
Answer: Mary Breckinridge.
10. Question: What term describes the transition of nursing from a domestic, religious-based service to a
recognized, scientifically trained profession?
Answer: Professionalization of nursing.
Chapter 2: The Contemporary Image of Professional Nursing
,11. Question: What landmark multi-year campaign was launched in 2002 to improve the public image of
nursing and recruit new professionals?
Answer: The Johnson & Johnson Campaign for Nursing's Future.
12. Question: What organization conducted the landmark study "Project 2000" and other research initiatives
exploring the value of nurses in healthcare?
Answer: The National Student Nurses' Association (NSNA) and the American Academy of Nursing.
13. Question: How has the portrayal of nurses in mass media and television historically shifted over the
decades?
Answer: From self-sacrificing angels or handmaidens to independent, highly competent, autonomous
healthcare decision-makers.
14. Question: What term describes public stereotypes that fail to recognize nurses as highly educated science
professionals holding advanced degrees?
Answer: The "handmaiden" or angel stereotype.
15. Question: What organization represents registered nurses globally and actively works to shape positive
public perceptions and policies regarding the nursing workforce?
Answer: International Council of Nurses (ICN).
16. Question: Why is public image crucial to the nursing profession regarding legislative funding and resource
allocation?
Answer: A strong, respected image enhances public trust, legislative support, and funding for nursing
education and research.
17. Question: What role do professional nursing organizations play in combating negative media stereotypes?
Answer: Monitoring media portrayals, issuing responses or protests to inaccurate depictions, and
promoting positive educational campaigns.
18. Question: What factor has most significantly elevated the modern public perception of nursing expertise and
heroism?
Answer: Highly visible contributions during global health crises and pandemics (e.g., COVID-19).
19. Question: What is the primary focus of the Nursing Image Committee within professional associations?
Answer: To project an accurate, professional, and diverse image of nursing to the public and
healthcare stakeholders.
20. Question: How does consumer awareness of advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) impact the
profession?
Answer: It increases demand for nurse-led care models and expands independent practice
opportunities.
Chapter 3: Nursing Education: Past, Present, and Future
21. Question: What educational pathway for registered nurses typically requires 2 years of study within a
community college or junior college setting?
Answer: Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN).
22. Question: What type of nursing program was the traditional method of training where students provided
hospital labor in exchange for instruction?
, Answer: Hospital diploma program.
23. Question: What organization is the national accrediting body for baccalaureate and higher-degree nursing
education programs?
Answer: Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE).
24. Question: What organization accredits all types of nursing education programs, including practical, diploma,
associate, and graduate programs?
Answer: National League for Nursing Commission for Nursing Education Accreditation (NLN
CNEA).
25. Question: What landmark 2010 report by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommended increasing the
proportion of nurses with a baccalaureate degree to 80% by 2020?
Answer: The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health report.
26. Question: What advanced practice nursing role focuses on diagnosing and treating acute and chronic
illnesses, often with prescriptive authority?
Answer: Nurse Practitioner (NP).
27. Question: What doctoral degree in nursing focuses on practice-focused clinical leadership and the translation
of research into clinical practice (DNP)?
Answer: Doctor of Nursing Practice.
28. Question: What doctoral degree in nursing focuses heavily on original research, theory development, and
academic scholarship (PhD)?
Answer: Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing.
29. Question: What process ensures that a nursing educational program meets established national standards and
criteria?
Answer: Accreditation.
30. Question: What term describes ongoing, structured educational activities designed to maintain and enhance
professional nursing competence after initial licensure?
Answer: Continuing Education (CE) / Continuing Nursing Education (CNE).
Chapter 4: Twentieth-Century Nursing Leaders
31. Question: Who was the first nursing professor in history, appointed at Teachers College, Columbia
University in 1910?
Answer: Mary Adelaide Nutting.
32. Question: Who founded the American Journal of Nursing (AJN) in 1900 and served as its first editor?
Answer: Sophia Palmer.
33. Question: Which nursing leader established the National League for Nursing Education and played a vital
role in standardizing nursing curricula?
Answer: Isabel Hampton Robb.
34. Question: Who founded the Nurse Corps and served as its superintendent during the Spanish-American War,
laying groundwork for military nursing?
Answer: Anita M. McGee.
10th Edition by Barbara Cherry 299 Questions and Answers
Chapter 1: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
1. Question: Who is recognized as the founder of modern nursing and nursing education, renowned for her work
during the Crimean War?
Answer: Florence Nightingale.
2. Question: Which iconic American nurse founded the American Red Cross and campaigned tirelessly for
humanitarian relief?
Answer: Clara Barton.
3. Question: Who established the Henry Street Settlement in New York City, launching the field of public health
nursing?
Answer: Lillian Wald.
4. Question: Who was America's first professionally trained African American nurse, graduating from the New
England Hospital for Women and Children in 1879?
Answer: Mary Mahoney.
5. Question: What war served as the catalyst for the rapid expansion of nursing schools and the integration of
specialized medical treatment by nurses on the battlefields?
Answer: The American Civil War (and later World Wars I and II).
6. Question: What publication by Goldmark in 1923 recommended that nursing education be established within
institutions of higher learning rather than hospital training schools?
Answer: The Goldmark Report.
7. Question: What organization, founded in 1896 as the Nurses' Associated Alumnae of the United States and
Canada, later became known as the American Nurses Association (ANA)?
Answer: The American Nurses Association.
8. Question: What federal legislation enacted in 1946 provided crucial funding for the construction of
community hospitals and healthcare facilities across the United States?
Answer: The Hill-Burton Act (Hospital Survey and Construction Act of 1946).
9. Question: Which pioneer established the Frontier Nursing Service in Kentucky to provide midwifery and
nursing care to rural and isolated populations?
Answer: Mary Breckinridge.
10. Question: What term describes the transition of nursing from a domestic, religious-based service to a
recognized, scientifically trained profession?
Answer: Professionalization of nursing.
Chapter 2: The Contemporary Image of Professional Nursing
,11. Question: What landmark multi-year campaign was launched in 2002 to improve the public image of
nursing and recruit new professionals?
Answer: The Johnson & Johnson Campaign for Nursing's Future.
12. Question: What organization conducted the landmark study "Project 2000" and other research initiatives
exploring the value of nurses in healthcare?
Answer: The National Student Nurses' Association (NSNA) and the American Academy of Nursing.
13. Question: How has the portrayal of nurses in mass media and television historically shifted over the
decades?
Answer: From self-sacrificing angels or handmaidens to independent, highly competent, autonomous
healthcare decision-makers.
14. Question: What term describes public stereotypes that fail to recognize nurses as highly educated science
professionals holding advanced degrees?
Answer: The "handmaiden" or angel stereotype.
15. Question: What organization represents registered nurses globally and actively works to shape positive
public perceptions and policies regarding the nursing workforce?
Answer: International Council of Nurses (ICN).
16. Question: Why is public image crucial to the nursing profession regarding legislative funding and resource
allocation?
Answer: A strong, respected image enhances public trust, legislative support, and funding for nursing
education and research.
17. Question: What role do professional nursing organizations play in combating negative media stereotypes?
Answer: Monitoring media portrayals, issuing responses or protests to inaccurate depictions, and
promoting positive educational campaigns.
18. Question: What factor has most significantly elevated the modern public perception of nursing expertise and
heroism?
Answer: Highly visible contributions during global health crises and pandemics (e.g., COVID-19).
19. Question: What is the primary focus of the Nursing Image Committee within professional associations?
Answer: To project an accurate, professional, and diverse image of nursing to the public and
healthcare stakeholders.
20. Question: How does consumer awareness of advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) impact the
profession?
Answer: It increases demand for nurse-led care models and expands independent practice
opportunities.
Chapter 3: Nursing Education: Past, Present, and Future
21. Question: What educational pathway for registered nurses typically requires 2 years of study within a
community college or junior college setting?
Answer: Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN).
22. Question: What type of nursing program was the traditional method of training where students provided
hospital labor in exchange for instruction?
, Answer: Hospital diploma program.
23. Question: What organization is the national accrediting body for baccalaureate and higher-degree nursing
education programs?
Answer: Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE).
24. Question: What organization accredits all types of nursing education programs, including practical, diploma,
associate, and graduate programs?
Answer: National League for Nursing Commission for Nursing Education Accreditation (NLN
CNEA).
25. Question: What landmark 2010 report by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommended increasing the
proportion of nurses with a baccalaureate degree to 80% by 2020?
Answer: The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health report.
26. Question: What advanced practice nursing role focuses on diagnosing and treating acute and chronic
illnesses, often with prescriptive authority?
Answer: Nurse Practitioner (NP).
27. Question: What doctoral degree in nursing focuses on practice-focused clinical leadership and the translation
of research into clinical practice (DNP)?
Answer: Doctor of Nursing Practice.
28. Question: What doctoral degree in nursing focuses heavily on original research, theory development, and
academic scholarship (PhD)?
Answer: Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing.
29. Question: What process ensures that a nursing educational program meets established national standards and
criteria?
Answer: Accreditation.
30. Question: What term describes ongoing, structured educational activities designed to maintain and enhance
professional nursing competence after initial licensure?
Answer: Continuing Education (CE) / Continuing Nursing Education (CNE).
Chapter 4: Twentieth-Century Nursing Leaders
31. Question: Who was the first nursing professor in history, appointed at Teachers College, Columbia
University in 1910?
Answer: Mary Adelaide Nutting.
32. Question: Who founded the American Journal of Nursing (AJN) in 1900 and served as its first editor?
Answer: Sophia Palmer.
33. Question: Which nursing leader established the National League for Nursing Education and played a vital
role in standardizing nursing curricula?
Answer: Isabel Hampton Robb.
34. Question: Who founded the Nurse Corps and served as its superintendent during the Spanish-American War,
laying groundwork for military nursing?
Answer: Anita M. McGee.
