AP BIOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
PREP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS STUDY
GUIDE
●● polar covalent bonds
Answer: -opposite ends of the molecule have opposite charges
●● cohesion
Answer: -H bonding between H2O creates it (sticky)
-allows for the movement of water against gravity
-high surface tension
-water moves up a tree by transpiration (helped by ____)
●● adhesion
Answer: -H2O molecules form H bonds with other substances
~capillary action
~meniscus
~water climbs up fiber
●● solvent
Answer: -water is the universal one
,-polar water molecules will surround the (+) and (-) ions causing the
ions to separate and dissolve
-dissolve solutes and create aqueous solutions
●● hydrophilic
Answer: -some molecules have an affinity for water
-polar and ionic molecules
-ex: cotton, cellulose, paper
●● hydrophobic
Answer: -some substances do not have an affinity for water
-nonpolar and non ionic substances
-ex: fat, glycerol, oils
●● floats
Answer: -less dense when it is solid, water ______
-forms crystal lattice structure
-important because oceans and lakes do not freeze solid
~insulates water below
~seasonal turnover of lakes
●● specific heat
, Answer: -the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g to
change its temperature by 1C
-water had high _____ due to H bonding
-resists change in temp
-moderates temp on earth
●● evaporative cooling
Answer: -organisms use to regulate their temperature
-ex: sweating
-water evaporates through a surface, cooling occurs
●● acidic
Answer: If [H+]>[-OH]
●● basic
Answer: If [-OH]>[H+]
●● pH scale
Answer: -how acidic or basic a solution is
-pure water, only 1 molecule in every 554 million is dissociated
-most biological fluids have 6-8
-each unit represents a 10-fold difference in H+ and -OH concentrations
PREP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS STUDY
GUIDE
●● polar covalent bonds
Answer: -opposite ends of the molecule have opposite charges
●● cohesion
Answer: -H bonding between H2O creates it (sticky)
-allows for the movement of water against gravity
-high surface tension
-water moves up a tree by transpiration (helped by ____)
●● adhesion
Answer: -H2O molecules form H bonds with other substances
~capillary action
~meniscus
~water climbs up fiber
●● solvent
Answer: -water is the universal one
,-polar water molecules will surround the (+) and (-) ions causing the
ions to separate and dissolve
-dissolve solutes and create aqueous solutions
●● hydrophilic
Answer: -some molecules have an affinity for water
-polar and ionic molecules
-ex: cotton, cellulose, paper
●● hydrophobic
Answer: -some substances do not have an affinity for water
-nonpolar and non ionic substances
-ex: fat, glycerol, oils
●● floats
Answer: -less dense when it is solid, water ______
-forms crystal lattice structure
-important because oceans and lakes do not freeze solid
~insulates water below
~seasonal turnover of lakes
●● specific heat
, Answer: -the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g to
change its temperature by 1C
-water had high _____ due to H bonding
-resists change in temp
-moderates temp on earth
●● evaporative cooling
Answer: -organisms use to regulate their temperature
-ex: sweating
-water evaporates through a surface, cooling occurs
●● acidic
Answer: If [H+]>[-OH]
●● basic
Answer: If [-OH]>[H+]
●● pH scale
Answer: -how acidic or basic a solution is
-pure water, only 1 molecule in every 554 million is dissociated
-most biological fluids have 6-8
-each unit represents a 10-fold difference in H+ and -OH concentrations
