Page 1 of 26 Logic Final Exam_ Complete Practice Questions & Study Guide 2026.pdf Page 1 of 26
Logic Final Exam: Complete Practice Questions &
Study Guide 2026
Logic Final Exam_ Complete Practice Questions & Study Guide 2026 1 of 26 Page 1
,Page 2 of 26 Logic Final Exam.pdf Page 2 of 26
argument
a set of two or more sentences, of which one is the conclusion and the others are premises
(Deductive) validity
an ARGUMENT is deductively valid if and only if it is not possible for the premises to be true
and the conclusion false. Any argument that is not deductively valid is deductively invalid.
(Deductive) soundness
an ARGUMENT is deductively sound if and only if it is deductively valid and it has all true
premises (i.e. its premises are true of the world as it actually is). Any argument is not
deductively sound is deductively unsound.
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Logical consistency
a SET OF SENTENCES is logically consistent if and only if it is possible for all of the
sentences in the set to be true together. Otherwise, the set is logically inconsistent.
Logical truth (tautology)
a SENTENCE is logically true if and only if it is not
possible for the sentence to be false
Logical falsity (contradiction)
a SENTENCE is logically false if and only if it is not possible for the sentence to be true
Logic Final Exam 3 of 26 Page 3
Logic Final Exam: Complete Practice Questions &
Study Guide 2026
Logic Final Exam_ Complete Practice Questions & Study Guide 2026 1 of 26 Page 1
,Page 2 of 26 Logic Final Exam.pdf Page 2 of 26
argument
a set of two or more sentences, of which one is the conclusion and the others are premises
(Deductive) validity
an ARGUMENT is deductively valid if and only if it is not possible for the premises to be true
and the conclusion false. Any argument that is not deductively valid is deductively invalid.
(Deductive) soundness
an ARGUMENT is deductively sound if and only if it is deductively valid and it has all true
premises (i.e. its premises are true of the world as it actually is). Any argument is not
deductively sound is deductively unsound.
Logic Final Exam 2 of 26 Page 2
, Page 3 of 26 Logic Final Exam.pdf Page 3 of 26
Logical consistency
a SET OF SENTENCES is logically consistent if and only if it is possible for all of the
sentences in the set to be true together. Otherwise, the set is logically inconsistent.
Logical truth (tautology)
a SENTENCE is logically true if and only if it is not
possible for the sentence to be false
Logical falsity (contradiction)
a SENTENCE is logically false if and only if it is not possible for the sentence to be true
Logic Final Exam 3 of 26 Page 3
