Page 1 of 86
HAMRIC & HANSON'S ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING: AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH
(7TH EDITION) 2026 EXAM LATEST VERSION SOLVED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
VERIFIED 100 %
Hamric & Hanson's Advanced Practice Nursing: An Integrative Approach (7th
Edition) –Questions with Detailed Rationales
SECTION 1: HISTORICAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECTS OF ADVANCED PRACTICE
NURSING (Q1–Q40)
History and Evolution (Q1–Q15)
Q1. Which of the following was the first recognized area of advanced practice
nursing?
A. Clinical Nurse Specialist
B. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist
C. Family Nurse Practitioner
D. Pediatric Nurse Practitioner
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In 1931, the National Association of Nurse Anesthetists was the first
recognized group promoting advanced nursing practice. Agatha Hodgins founded the
organization at Lakeside Hospital in Cleveland, Ohio.
Q2. The earliest demand for nursing-provided anesthesia spiked during which
period?
, Page 2 of 86
A. The Great Depression
B. Periods of war
C. The civil rights movement
D. The AIDS epidemic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The earliest demand for nursing-provided anesthesia spiked during periods
of war when physician numbers were inadequate. Records date back to the American
Civil War with chloroform administration, and during World War I in 1917, more than
1,000 nurses served in battle.
Q3. Which factor is broadly perceived to have solidified and standardized the role
of APNs over the last 25 years?
A. Societal forces
B. Lack of access to health care providers
C. Payment for services
D. Standardized curriculum development
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The development of standardized curricula and organizational structures
has been the key factor in solidifying and standardizing APN roles. Through organization
and standardization, these roles have gained legitimacy and clarity.
Q4. Which of the following is the best explanation for the creation of the Doctorate
of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree?
A. To validate APRNs for financial reimbursement
B. To address increasing curriculum requirements of master's degree programs
C. To compete against master's degree programs
D. To ensure standardized curriculum ensuring independent practice
, Page 3 of 86
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The DNP program was created in 2004 by the American Association of
Colleges of Nursing (AACN) specifically to address the increasing curriculum
requirements of master's degree programs that could no longer fit within the traditional
master's degree framework.
Q5. Who is credited with founding the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists?
A. Loretta Ford
B. Agatha Hodgins
C. Hildegard Peplau
D. Virginia Henderson
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Agatha Hodgins founded the organization at Lakeside Hospital in Cleveland,
Ohio, which was renamed in 1939 to the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists
(AANA).
Q6. The history of advanced practice nursing demonstrates that role development
is most influenced by:
A. Physician opposition
B. Societal needs and health care access
C. Hospital administration
D. Insurance companies
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The earliest APN roles developed in response to societal needs, including
access to care in rural areas and during wartime when physician numbers were
inadequate.
, Page 4 of 86
Q7. Which foundational document updated in 2021 reflects the AACN's core
competencies for professional nursing education?
A. The Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education
B. Future of Nursing 2020-2030
C. Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice
D. ICN Guidelines on Advanced Practice Nursing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The 7th edition incorporates updates from the American Association of
Colleges of Nursing's The Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing
Education (2021).
Q8. The National Academy of Medicine's report that addresses the future of nursing
through 2030 is titled:
A. The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health
B. Future of Nursing 2020-2030
C. Nursing's Agenda for Health Care Reform
D. The Future of Nursing Education
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The National Academy of Medicine's Future of Nursing 2020-2030 Report is
one of the foundational documents updated in the 7th edition of this textbook.
Q9. Which of the following describes the evolution of APN roles in the United
States?
A. They developed independently without any organizational structure
B. They developed in response to societal needs and were formalized through
standardization
C. They were created by hospital administrators to reduce costs
D. They were established by physicians to reduce their workload
HAMRIC & HANSON'S ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING: AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH
(7TH EDITION) 2026 EXAM LATEST VERSION SOLVED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
VERIFIED 100 %
Hamric & Hanson's Advanced Practice Nursing: An Integrative Approach (7th
Edition) –Questions with Detailed Rationales
SECTION 1: HISTORICAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECTS OF ADVANCED PRACTICE
NURSING (Q1–Q40)
History and Evolution (Q1–Q15)
Q1. Which of the following was the first recognized area of advanced practice
nursing?
A. Clinical Nurse Specialist
B. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist
C. Family Nurse Practitioner
D. Pediatric Nurse Practitioner
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In 1931, the National Association of Nurse Anesthetists was the first
recognized group promoting advanced nursing practice. Agatha Hodgins founded the
organization at Lakeside Hospital in Cleveland, Ohio.
Q2. The earliest demand for nursing-provided anesthesia spiked during which
period?
, Page 2 of 86
A. The Great Depression
B. Periods of war
C. The civil rights movement
D. The AIDS epidemic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The earliest demand for nursing-provided anesthesia spiked during periods
of war when physician numbers were inadequate. Records date back to the American
Civil War with chloroform administration, and during World War I in 1917, more than
1,000 nurses served in battle.
Q3. Which factor is broadly perceived to have solidified and standardized the role
of APNs over the last 25 years?
A. Societal forces
B. Lack of access to health care providers
C. Payment for services
D. Standardized curriculum development
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The development of standardized curricula and organizational structures
has been the key factor in solidifying and standardizing APN roles. Through organization
and standardization, these roles have gained legitimacy and clarity.
Q4. Which of the following is the best explanation for the creation of the Doctorate
of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree?
A. To validate APRNs for financial reimbursement
B. To address increasing curriculum requirements of master's degree programs
C. To compete against master's degree programs
D. To ensure standardized curriculum ensuring independent practice
, Page 3 of 86
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The DNP program was created in 2004 by the American Association of
Colleges of Nursing (AACN) specifically to address the increasing curriculum
requirements of master's degree programs that could no longer fit within the traditional
master's degree framework.
Q5. Who is credited with founding the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists?
A. Loretta Ford
B. Agatha Hodgins
C. Hildegard Peplau
D. Virginia Henderson
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Agatha Hodgins founded the organization at Lakeside Hospital in Cleveland,
Ohio, which was renamed in 1939 to the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists
(AANA).
Q6. The history of advanced practice nursing demonstrates that role development
is most influenced by:
A. Physician opposition
B. Societal needs and health care access
C. Hospital administration
D. Insurance companies
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The earliest APN roles developed in response to societal needs, including
access to care in rural areas and during wartime when physician numbers were
inadequate.
, Page 4 of 86
Q7. Which foundational document updated in 2021 reflects the AACN's core
competencies for professional nursing education?
A. The Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education
B. Future of Nursing 2020-2030
C. Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice
D. ICN Guidelines on Advanced Practice Nursing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The 7th edition incorporates updates from the American Association of
Colleges of Nursing's The Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing
Education (2021).
Q8. The National Academy of Medicine's report that addresses the future of nursing
through 2030 is titled:
A. The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health
B. Future of Nursing 2020-2030
C. Nursing's Agenda for Health Care Reform
D. The Future of Nursing Education
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The National Academy of Medicine's Future of Nursing 2020-2030 Report is
one of the foundational documents updated in the 7th edition of this textbook.
Q9. Which of the following describes the evolution of APN roles in the United
States?
A. They developed independently without any organizational structure
B. They developed in response to societal needs and were formalized through
standardization
C. They were created by hospital administrators to reduce costs
D. They were established by physicians to reduce their workload
