NSG 170 Final Exam Study Session Modules
1-3 With Complete Solutions
Who are some individuals that are at risk for HYPERvolemia? - ANSWER Those
receiving IV Fluids
Renal Failure Pts
CHF patients
Blood transfusion patients-(transfusion associated circulatory overload)
What adventitious lung sounds will be heard if a patient is suffering from FVE-(fluid
volume excess)? - ANSWER Crackles
What effect will FVE have on lab values such as Hemoglobin and Hematocrit? -
ANSWER Values will decrease
A patient with CHF is suffering from FVE. What type of medication will be prescribed to
help reduce preload? - ANSWER A diuretic- (such as Furosemide/Lasix---- watch for
HYPOkalemia)
What are the S/S of HYPERvolemia? - ANSWER JVD
Crackles
Pulmonary Edema
transfusion associated circulatory overload
*will cause FVE - ANSWER What can occur if a patient ins given a blood transfusion at
a rate that is to fast?
Who are some individuals that are at risk for HYPOvolemia? - ANSWER Dementia
Patients
Stroke Patients
, Very young
Blood loss patients
Vomiting/Diarrhea Patients-(will have low potassium)
What type of electrolyte imbalance may a patient with an NG tube suffer from if gastric
contents were aspirated excessivlely? - ANSWER HYPOkalemia
A patient in a nursing home has late stage dementia and has not been adequately
drinking. The patient is suffering from dehydration. What would you as the nurse expect
to see on the lab work when you assess the patient's electrolyte values? - ANSWER
Elevated Sodium-- (sodium loves water) *Aldosterone*
Elevated Potassium-(the kidney rid the potassium in urine)
What electrolyte imbalance?
Tall tinted T wave - ANSWER HYPERkalemia
What electrolyte imbalance?
Prominent "U" wave / flattened or inverted "T" wave - ANSWER HYPOkalemia
What manifestations are most prominent for a patient suffering from HYPERnatremia? -
ANSWER Mental Function Changes
Trousseau's sign
Explain the procedure - ANSWER Carpal spasm caused by inflating a blood pressure
cuff above the client's systolic pressure and leaving it in place for 3 minutes.
*A positive indicates HYPOcalcemia
Chvostek's sign
*explain the procedure - ANSWER abnormal functioning of the facial nerve causes a
twitch on the same side of the face
*Sign of hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia*
What is given to for a patient that is suffering from high magnesium? - ANSWER
calcium gluconate
What are the S/S of an infiltrated IV? - ANSWER Cool skin-(fluid in the tissues)
Pain
Wet dressing
Pallor
Edematous
What would you do as the nurse if you have a patient that has an infiltrated IV? -
ANSWER *Stop the IV
*Ensure no antidote needs to be given via this site before removal of angiocath
*Assess for 6 P's of compartment syndrome
1-3 With Complete Solutions
Who are some individuals that are at risk for HYPERvolemia? - ANSWER Those
receiving IV Fluids
Renal Failure Pts
CHF patients
Blood transfusion patients-(transfusion associated circulatory overload)
What adventitious lung sounds will be heard if a patient is suffering from FVE-(fluid
volume excess)? - ANSWER Crackles
What effect will FVE have on lab values such as Hemoglobin and Hematocrit? -
ANSWER Values will decrease
A patient with CHF is suffering from FVE. What type of medication will be prescribed to
help reduce preload? - ANSWER A diuretic- (such as Furosemide/Lasix---- watch for
HYPOkalemia)
What are the S/S of HYPERvolemia? - ANSWER JVD
Crackles
Pulmonary Edema
transfusion associated circulatory overload
*will cause FVE - ANSWER What can occur if a patient ins given a blood transfusion at
a rate that is to fast?
Who are some individuals that are at risk for HYPOvolemia? - ANSWER Dementia
Patients
Stroke Patients
, Very young
Blood loss patients
Vomiting/Diarrhea Patients-(will have low potassium)
What type of electrolyte imbalance may a patient with an NG tube suffer from if gastric
contents were aspirated excessivlely? - ANSWER HYPOkalemia
A patient in a nursing home has late stage dementia and has not been adequately
drinking. The patient is suffering from dehydration. What would you as the nurse expect
to see on the lab work when you assess the patient's electrolyte values? - ANSWER
Elevated Sodium-- (sodium loves water) *Aldosterone*
Elevated Potassium-(the kidney rid the potassium in urine)
What electrolyte imbalance?
Tall tinted T wave - ANSWER HYPERkalemia
What electrolyte imbalance?
Prominent "U" wave / flattened or inverted "T" wave - ANSWER HYPOkalemia
What manifestations are most prominent for a patient suffering from HYPERnatremia? -
ANSWER Mental Function Changes
Trousseau's sign
Explain the procedure - ANSWER Carpal spasm caused by inflating a blood pressure
cuff above the client's systolic pressure and leaving it in place for 3 minutes.
*A positive indicates HYPOcalcemia
Chvostek's sign
*explain the procedure - ANSWER abnormal functioning of the facial nerve causes a
twitch on the same side of the face
*Sign of hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia*
What is given to for a patient that is suffering from high magnesium? - ANSWER
calcium gluconate
What are the S/S of an infiltrated IV? - ANSWER Cool skin-(fluid in the tissues)
Pain
Wet dressing
Pallor
Edematous
What would you do as the nurse if you have a patient that has an infiltrated IV? -
ANSWER *Stop the IV
*Ensure no antidote needs to be given via this site before removal of angiocath
*Assess for 6 P's of compartment syndrome
