WGU D322 INTRODUCTION TO IT PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
◉ DIKW: What is information?
Answer: Data that has been organized, processed, or placed in
context so it has meaning.
◉ DIKW: What is knowledge?
Answer: Understanding information well enough to recognize
patterns, relationships, causes, or how something works.
◉ DIKW: What is wisdom?
Answer: Applying knowledge with judgment, principles, ethics, and
experience to make sound decisions.
◉ DIKW: What are the key words for data?
Answer: Raw facts; observations; values; symbols; measurements.
◉ DIKW: What are the key words for information?
Answer: Organized; processed; context; meaning; relationships;
report.
,◉ DIKW: What are the key words for knowledge?
Answer: Understanding; patterns; cause; know-how; meaning.
◉ DIKW: What are the key words for wisdom?
Answer: Judgment; principles; ethics; best action; decision.
◉ DIKW: What level is associated with understanding relationships
and context among data?
Answer: Information.
◉ DIKW: What level is associated with understanding patterns and
how/why information matters?
Answer: Knowledge.
◉ DIKW: What level is associated with understanding principles and
choosing what should be done?
Answer: Wisdom.
◉ DIKW memory phrase
Answer: Data is collected. Information is organized. Knowledge is
understood. Wisdom is applied.
◉ 1st generation computers: timeframe and defining hardware
,Answer: 1940-1956; vacuum tubes.
◉ 2nd generation computers: timeframe and defining hardware
Answer: 1956-1963; transistors.
◉ 3rd generation computers: timeframe and defining hardware
Answer: 1964-1971; integrated circuits.
◉ 4th generation computers: timeframe and defining hardware
Answer: 1971-present; microprocessors.
◉ 5th generation computers: timeframe and defining focus
Answer: Present and emerging; AI and advanced processing.
◉ What are vacuum tubes?
Answer: Glass electronic tubes used as switches/amplifiers; large,
hot, power-hungry, and unreliable.
◉ What are transistors?
Answer: Smaller semiconductor switches that replaced vacuum
tubes; faster, cooler, and more reliable.
, ◉ What are integrated circuits?
Answer: Many electronic components placed on one chip.
◉ What are microprocessors?
Answer: The CPU placed on a single chip; they enabled personal
computers.
◉ What generation introduced microprocessors?
Answer: The 4th generation.
◉ What does AI/advanced processing include in the 5th generation?
Answer: Parallel processing, machine learning, natural-language
processing, and robotics.
◉ Computing generations memory chain
Answer: Vacuum tubes → transistors → integrated circuits →
microprocessors → AI/advanced processing.
◉ What is an input device?
Answer: Hardware used to enter data or commands into a computer.
◉ Give three examples of input devices.
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
◉ DIKW: What is information?
Answer: Data that has been organized, processed, or placed in
context so it has meaning.
◉ DIKW: What is knowledge?
Answer: Understanding information well enough to recognize
patterns, relationships, causes, or how something works.
◉ DIKW: What is wisdom?
Answer: Applying knowledge with judgment, principles, ethics, and
experience to make sound decisions.
◉ DIKW: What are the key words for data?
Answer: Raw facts; observations; values; symbols; measurements.
◉ DIKW: What are the key words for information?
Answer: Organized; processed; context; meaning; relationships;
report.
,◉ DIKW: What are the key words for knowledge?
Answer: Understanding; patterns; cause; know-how; meaning.
◉ DIKW: What are the key words for wisdom?
Answer: Judgment; principles; ethics; best action; decision.
◉ DIKW: What level is associated with understanding relationships
and context among data?
Answer: Information.
◉ DIKW: What level is associated with understanding patterns and
how/why information matters?
Answer: Knowledge.
◉ DIKW: What level is associated with understanding principles and
choosing what should be done?
Answer: Wisdom.
◉ DIKW memory phrase
Answer: Data is collected. Information is organized. Knowledge is
understood. Wisdom is applied.
◉ 1st generation computers: timeframe and defining hardware
,Answer: 1940-1956; vacuum tubes.
◉ 2nd generation computers: timeframe and defining hardware
Answer: 1956-1963; transistors.
◉ 3rd generation computers: timeframe and defining hardware
Answer: 1964-1971; integrated circuits.
◉ 4th generation computers: timeframe and defining hardware
Answer: 1971-present; microprocessors.
◉ 5th generation computers: timeframe and defining focus
Answer: Present and emerging; AI and advanced processing.
◉ What are vacuum tubes?
Answer: Glass electronic tubes used as switches/amplifiers; large,
hot, power-hungry, and unreliable.
◉ What are transistors?
Answer: Smaller semiconductor switches that replaced vacuum
tubes; faster, cooler, and more reliable.
, ◉ What are integrated circuits?
Answer: Many electronic components placed on one chip.
◉ What are microprocessors?
Answer: The CPU placed on a single chip; they enabled personal
computers.
◉ What generation introduced microprocessors?
Answer: The 4th generation.
◉ What does AI/advanced processing include in the 5th generation?
Answer: Parallel processing, machine learning, natural-language
processing, and robotics.
◉ Computing generations memory chain
Answer: Vacuum tubes → transistors → integrated circuits →
microprocessors → AI/advanced processing.
◉ What is an input device?
Answer: Hardware used to enter data or commands into a computer.
◉ Give three examples of input devices.
