EBM Midterm Exam |
Practice Questions, Study
Guide & Exam Review
|Guaranteed success|
, What are surrogate outcomes in clinical research? Indirect measures used to reflect clinical endpoints, such as lab or imaging
values.
What are outcomes that matter in clinical practice? Direct, clinically relevant outcomes including functioning, quality of life, cost of
care, and mortality.
What was the main finding of the ACCORD Trial? Intensive glucose control improved HbA1C but led to increased mortality and
no significant reduction in cardiovascular events.
What are primary sources of evidence? Original research reports authored by the investigators, such as RCTs, cohort
studies, and case-control studies.
What is the purpose of secondary sources in research? To synthesize and interpret primary research, including systematic reviews and
meta-analyses.
What is gray literature? Non-commercial publications like academic papers, conference abstracts, and
theses that often contain the most current research data.
What is the highest level in the hierarchy of evidence? Systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
What is a systematic review? A critical, structured assessment of all relevant literature with defined search
criteria and data evaluation.
What is a meta-analysis? Statistical integration of multiple studies to produce one overall analysis,
providing the strongest quantitative support for clinical decisions.
What are green flags in evidence language cues? Terms like 'suggests,' 'provides evidence,' and 'may' that indicate a balanced
scientific tone.
What is the PPAARE model used for? To create focused clinical questions that guide literature searching and critical
evaluation.
What does the qualitative research paradigm seek to Human experiences and meaning rather than merely measuring them.
understand?
What is the main focus of quantitative research? To quantify phenomena, test hypotheses, and analyze numerical data.
What is phenomenology in qualitative research? A design that studies lived experiences and meanings of phenomena.
What is ethnography in qualitative research? A design that describes culture or group behavior through immersion.
What is grounded theory? A qualitative research design that builds a theory derived directly from
observed data.
Practice Questions, Study
Guide & Exam Review
|Guaranteed success|
, What are surrogate outcomes in clinical research? Indirect measures used to reflect clinical endpoints, such as lab or imaging
values.
What are outcomes that matter in clinical practice? Direct, clinically relevant outcomes including functioning, quality of life, cost of
care, and mortality.
What was the main finding of the ACCORD Trial? Intensive glucose control improved HbA1C but led to increased mortality and
no significant reduction in cardiovascular events.
What are primary sources of evidence? Original research reports authored by the investigators, such as RCTs, cohort
studies, and case-control studies.
What is the purpose of secondary sources in research? To synthesize and interpret primary research, including systematic reviews and
meta-analyses.
What is gray literature? Non-commercial publications like academic papers, conference abstracts, and
theses that often contain the most current research data.
What is the highest level in the hierarchy of evidence? Systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
What is a systematic review? A critical, structured assessment of all relevant literature with defined search
criteria and data evaluation.
What is a meta-analysis? Statistical integration of multiple studies to produce one overall analysis,
providing the strongest quantitative support for clinical decisions.
What are green flags in evidence language cues? Terms like 'suggests,' 'provides evidence,' and 'may' that indicate a balanced
scientific tone.
What is the PPAARE model used for? To create focused clinical questions that guide literature searching and critical
evaluation.
What does the qualitative research paradigm seek to Human experiences and meaning rather than merely measuring them.
understand?
What is the main focus of quantitative research? To quantify phenomena, test hypotheses, and analyze numerical data.
What is phenomenology in qualitative research? A design that studies lived experiences and meanings of phenomena.
What is ethnography in qualitative research? A design that describes culture or group behavior through immersion.
What is grounded theory? A qualitative research design that builds a theory derived directly from
observed data.
