JB LEARNING EMT COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% VERIFIED 2026/2027
1. A 68-year-old female presents with sudden onset of dyspnea and sharp chest pain that
increases with inspiration. She recently underwent hip surgery. Her heart rate is 110 bpm, BP
is 100/70, and SPO2 is 88% on room air. What is the most likely pathology?
A. Pulmonary Embolism
B. Spontaneous Pneumothorax
C. Acute Myocardial Infarction
D. Congestive Heart Failure
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The recent surgery, sudden onset, pleuritic chest pain, and
hypoxia are classic indicators of a Pulmonary Embolism (PE).
2. When assessing a patient with a suspected head injury, you observe a blood pressure of
190/94 mmHg, a pulse of 52 beats/min, and irregular respirations. This clinical triad is
indicative of:
A. Cushing’s Triad
B. Beck’s Triad
,C. Virchow’s Triad
D. Sellick’s Maneuver
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Cushing’s Triad (hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular
respirations) is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
3. You are treating a 24-year-old male who has sustained a deep laceration to his forearm.
Direct pressure and a pressure dressing have failed to control the arterial bleeding. What is
the next immediate step?
A. Apply a second pressure dressing
B. Elevate the extremity above the heart
C. Apply a tourniquet proximal to the injury
D. Locate and apply pressure to the brachial artery
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Modern EMS protocols dictate that if direct pressure fails to
control life-threatening hemorrhage, a tourniquet should be applied immediately.
4. A patient in their third trimester of pregnancy is experiencing vaginal bleeding and severe
abdominal pain. The abdomen feels rigid upon palpation. Which condition should you
suspect?
A. Abruptio Placentae
, B. Placenta Previa
C. Ectopic Pregnancy
D. Preeclampsia
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Abruptio placentae is characterized by painful vaginal bleeding
and a rigid, board-like abdomen, whereas placenta previa is typically painless.
5. What is the primary physiological effect of Nitroglycerin when administered to a patient
with chest pain?
A. Increased heart rate and contractility
B. Vasoconstriction to improve blood pressure
C. Vasodilation and decreased myocardial oxygen demand
D. Blockage of sympathetic nervous system signals
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that reduces preload and afterload,
thereby decreasing the workload of the heart and its oxygen requirement.
6. During the delivery of a newborn, you notice the umbilical cord is wrapped tightly around
the baby’s neck. What is the first action you should take?
A. Immediately clamp and cut the cord
B. Increase oxygen flow to the mother
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% VERIFIED 2026/2027
1. A 68-year-old female presents with sudden onset of dyspnea and sharp chest pain that
increases with inspiration. She recently underwent hip surgery. Her heart rate is 110 bpm, BP
is 100/70, and SPO2 is 88% on room air. What is the most likely pathology?
A. Pulmonary Embolism
B. Spontaneous Pneumothorax
C. Acute Myocardial Infarction
D. Congestive Heart Failure
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The recent surgery, sudden onset, pleuritic chest pain, and
hypoxia are classic indicators of a Pulmonary Embolism (PE).
2. When assessing a patient with a suspected head injury, you observe a blood pressure of
190/94 mmHg, a pulse of 52 beats/min, and irregular respirations. This clinical triad is
indicative of:
A. Cushing’s Triad
B. Beck’s Triad
,C. Virchow’s Triad
D. Sellick’s Maneuver
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Cushing’s Triad (hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular
respirations) is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
3. You are treating a 24-year-old male who has sustained a deep laceration to his forearm.
Direct pressure and a pressure dressing have failed to control the arterial bleeding. What is
the next immediate step?
A. Apply a second pressure dressing
B. Elevate the extremity above the heart
C. Apply a tourniquet proximal to the injury
D. Locate and apply pressure to the brachial artery
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Modern EMS protocols dictate that if direct pressure fails to
control life-threatening hemorrhage, a tourniquet should be applied immediately.
4. A patient in their third trimester of pregnancy is experiencing vaginal bleeding and severe
abdominal pain. The abdomen feels rigid upon palpation. Which condition should you
suspect?
A. Abruptio Placentae
, B. Placenta Previa
C. Ectopic Pregnancy
D. Preeclampsia
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Abruptio placentae is characterized by painful vaginal bleeding
and a rigid, board-like abdomen, whereas placenta previa is typically painless.
5. What is the primary physiological effect of Nitroglycerin when administered to a patient
with chest pain?
A. Increased heart rate and contractility
B. Vasoconstriction to improve blood pressure
C. Vasodilation and decreased myocardial oxygen demand
D. Blockage of sympathetic nervous system signals
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that reduces preload and afterload,
thereby decreasing the workload of the heart and its oxygen requirement.
6. During the delivery of a newborn, you notice the umbilical cord is wrapped tightly around
the baby’s neck. What is the first action you should take?
A. Immediately clamp and cut the cord
B. Increase oxygen flow to the mother
