MANA 3320 Study Guide Questions with
Verified Correct Answers
What are the core elements of the Critical Thinking Wheel?
Purpose, Question, Information, Concepts, Assumptions, Inferences, Point of View,
Implications
What is the purpose of the critical thinking model in workplace decisions?
To improve reasoning, clarify disagreements, and guide thoughtful problem-solving
Why is identifying assumptions important in critical thinking?
Because assumptions influence our reasoning... often without us realizing it
What does the Critical Thinking model help with in organizations?
Promotes better conversations, reduces emotional conflict, and improves decision-making
What are Maslow's five levels of needs?
Physiological‚ Safety, Social, Esteem, Self-Actualization
What are the three needs in McClelland's Theory?
Achievement, Affiliation, Power
What does McGregor's Theory X assume about employees?
That employees dislike work, avoid responsibility, and need to be controlled
What does McGregor's Theory Y assume about employees?
That employees are self-directed, enjoy work, and seek responsibility under the right
conditions
, What are hygiene factors in Herzberg's theory?
Job conditions that prevent dissatisfaction
What are examples of hygiene factors?
Salary, work conditions, company policy, job security, supervision
What are motivators in Herzberg's theory?
Factors that increase job satisfaction
What are examples of motivators?
Recognition, achievement, meaningful work, opportunities for growth
What are the three components of Vroom's Expectancy Theory?
Expectancy, Instrumentality, Valence
What is the main theoretical limitation of Expectancy Theory?
It assumes individuals have the necessary skills and doesn't consider timing or reinforcement
schedules
What does it mean if an employee has an expectancy problem?
They do not believe their effort will improve performance
What does it mean if an employee has an instrumentality problem?
They do not believe performance will lead to a desired outcome
What does it mean if an employee has a valence problem?
They do not value the outcome or reward being offered
What is positive reinforcement?
Verified Correct Answers
What are the core elements of the Critical Thinking Wheel?
Purpose, Question, Information, Concepts, Assumptions, Inferences, Point of View,
Implications
What is the purpose of the critical thinking model in workplace decisions?
To improve reasoning, clarify disagreements, and guide thoughtful problem-solving
Why is identifying assumptions important in critical thinking?
Because assumptions influence our reasoning... often without us realizing it
What does the Critical Thinking model help with in organizations?
Promotes better conversations, reduces emotional conflict, and improves decision-making
What are Maslow's five levels of needs?
Physiological‚ Safety, Social, Esteem, Self-Actualization
What are the three needs in McClelland's Theory?
Achievement, Affiliation, Power
What does McGregor's Theory X assume about employees?
That employees dislike work, avoid responsibility, and need to be controlled
What does McGregor's Theory Y assume about employees?
That employees are self-directed, enjoy work, and seek responsibility under the right
conditions
, What are hygiene factors in Herzberg's theory?
Job conditions that prevent dissatisfaction
What are examples of hygiene factors?
Salary, work conditions, company policy, job security, supervision
What are motivators in Herzberg's theory?
Factors that increase job satisfaction
What are examples of motivators?
Recognition, achievement, meaningful work, opportunities for growth
What are the three components of Vroom's Expectancy Theory?
Expectancy, Instrumentality, Valence
What is the main theoretical limitation of Expectancy Theory?
It assumes individuals have the necessary skills and doesn't consider timing or reinforcement
schedules
What does it mean if an employee has an expectancy problem?
They do not believe their effort will improve performance
What does it mean if an employee has an instrumentality problem?
They do not believe performance will lead to a desired outcome
What does it mean if an employee has a valence problem?
They do not value the outcome or reward being offered
What is positive reinforcement?
