NSG 3850
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
1. What is serologic testing needed for?
A. To stage cirrhosis
B. To determine the types of hepatitis
C. To detect gallstones
D. To measure thyroid function
Rationale: Serologic markers identify which hepatitis virus is causing the infection.
2. Hepatitis A and B are preventable by which measure?
A. Antibiotics
B. Vaccine
C. Isolation only
D. Immune suppression
Rationale: Vaccines exist for hepatitis A and B, but not for hepatitis C.
3. DNA and RNA viruses can affect which organ condition?
A. Cholecystitis
B. Hepatitis
C. Pancreatitis
D. Nephritis
Rationale: Hepatitis viruses can be DNA or RNA viruses. Hepatitis B is a DNA virus,
and A, C, D, and E are RNA viruses.
4. What does a positive anti-HCV test indicate?
A. Vaccine immunity
B. Antibodies
,C. Acute hepatitis A
D. Liver failure
Rationale: The patient has antibodies to hepatitis C, which shows exposure to the
virus.
5. Portal hypertension increases the risk for which complication?
A. Ascites
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Gallstones
D. Hyperthyroidism
Rationale: Increased portal pressure pushes fluid into the peritoneal cavity. It also
causes esophageal varices.
6. Which people are at risk for gallstones? (Select all that apply)
A. High spinal cord injuries
B. Rapid weight loss/fasting
C. Obesity
D. Pregnancy
Rationale: Each promotes bile stasis or cholesterol supersaturation.
7. Which are clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? (Select all that apply)
A. Heat intolerance
B. Weight loss and tachycardia
C. Goiter and irritability
D. Diarrhea
E. Bradycardia and constipation
Rationale: Excess thyroid hormone speeds up metabolism. Bradycardia and
constipation are hypothyroid findings.
8. Which are clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? (Select all that apply)
A. Fatigue and muscle cramps
B. Anxiety, depression, and goiter
C. Slow speech and constipation
,D. Weight gain and bradycardia
E. Cold intolerance
F. Heat intolerance and diarrhea
Rationale: Slowed metabolism reduces heart rate, GI motility, and heat
production.
9. Which lab values are expected in Cushing disease? (Select all that apply)
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Elevated cortisol
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Excess cortisol raises glucose and causes potassium loss. Hyperkalemia
is seen in Addison's disease.
10. The Mantoux skin test is an example of which type of hypersensitivity?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
Rationale: Type IV is a delayed, cell-mediated reaction.
11. Why can acute myeloid leukemia (AML) present in various ways?
A. Stem cells produce different cell types
B. Only B cells are affected
C. Only plasma cells are affected
D. Reed-Sternberg cells are present
Rationale: Because abnormal stem cells give rise to many cell lines, presentation
varies.
12. A high granulocyte count is seen in which type of leukemia?
A. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
B. Chronic myeloid leukemia
C. Hodgkin's lymphoma
, D. Multiple myeloma
Rationale: Granulocytes proliferate abnormally in CML.
13. What occurs in Hodgkin's disease?
A. Inflammatory cells accumulate within the affected node
B. Plasma cells infiltrate bone
C. Immature granulocytes fill the marrow
D. Stones block the bile duct
Rationale: The result is enlarged, firm, painless nodes.
14. Which increases the risk for HIV infection?
A. Vaccination
B. An STI or genital lesions
C. Poor sanitation
D. Contaminated water
Rationale: Lesions provide entry points for the virus.
15. Through which routes can HIV be transmitted? (Select all that apply)
A. Unprotected anal or vaginal sex
B. Passing from mother to baby through birth
C. Sharing needles
D. A current STI with genital lesions
E. Casual contact
Rationale: HIV spreads through blood and body fluids, not casual contact.
16. What must the HIV virus do to replicate?
A. Convert RNA to DNA
B. Convert DNA to RNA
C. Form spores
D. Produce toxins
Rationale: HIV is a retrovirus that makes DNA from its RNA.
17. Which enzymes are necessary for HIV replication? (Select all that apply)
A. Protease
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
1. What is serologic testing needed for?
A. To stage cirrhosis
B. To determine the types of hepatitis
C. To detect gallstones
D. To measure thyroid function
Rationale: Serologic markers identify which hepatitis virus is causing the infection.
2. Hepatitis A and B are preventable by which measure?
A. Antibiotics
B. Vaccine
C. Isolation only
D. Immune suppression
Rationale: Vaccines exist for hepatitis A and B, but not for hepatitis C.
3. DNA and RNA viruses can affect which organ condition?
A. Cholecystitis
B. Hepatitis
C. Pancreatitis
D. Nephritis
Rationale: Hepatitis viruses can be DNA or RNA viruses. Hepatitis B is a DNA virus,
and A, C, D, and E are RNA viruses.
4. What does a positive anti-HCV test indicate?
A. Vaccine immunity
B. Antibodies
,C. Acute hepatitis A
D. Liver failure
Rationale: The patient has antibodies to hepatitis C, which shows exposure to the
virus.
5. Portal hypertension increases the risk for which complication?
A. Ascites
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Gallstones
D. Hyperthyroidism
Rationale: Increased portal pressure pushes fluid into the peritoneal cavity. It also
causes esophageal varices.
6. Which people are at risk for gallstones? (Select all that apply)
A. High spinal cord injuries
B. Rapid weight loss/fasting
C. Obesity
D. Pregnancy
Rationale: Each promotes bile stasis or cholesterol supersaturation.
7. Which are clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? (Select all that apply)
A. Heat intolerance
B. Weight loss and tachycardia
C. Goiter and irritability
D. Diarrhea
E. Bradycardia and constipation
Rationale: Excess thyroid hormone speeds up metabolism. Bradycardia and
constipation are hypothyroid findings.
8. Which are clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? (Select all that apply)
A. Fatigue and muscle cramps
B. Anxiety, depression, and goiter
C. Slow speech and constipation
,D. Weight gain and bradycardia
E. Cold intolerance
F. Heat intolerance and diarrhea
Rationale: Slowed metabolism reduces heart rate, GI motility, and heat
production.
9. Which lab values are expected in Cushing disease? (Select all that apply)
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Elevated cortisol
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Excess cortisol raises glucose and causes potassium loss. Hyperkalemia
is seen in Addison's disease.
10. The Mantoux skin test is an example of which type of hypersensitivity?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
Rationale: Type IV is a delayed, cell-mediated reaction.
11. Why can acute myeloid leukemia (AML) present in various ways?
A. Stem cells produce different cell types
B. Only B cells are affected
C. Only plasma cells are affected
D. Reed-Sternberg cells are present
Rationale: Because abnormal stem cells give rise to many cell lines, presentation
varies.
12. A high granulocyte count is seen in which type of leukemia?
A. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
B. Chronic myeloid leukemia
C. Hodgkin's lymphoma
, D. Multiple myeloma
Rationale: Granulocytes proliferate abnormally in CML.
13. What occurs in Hodgkin's disease?
A. Inflammatory cells accumulate within the affected node
B. Plasma cells infiltrate bone
C. Immature granulocytes fill the marrow
D. Stones block the bile duct
Rationale: The result is enlarged, firm, painless nodes.
14. Which increases the risk for HIV infection?
A. Vaccination
B. An STI or genital lesions
C. Poor sanitation
D. Contaminated water
Rationale: Lesions provide entry points for the virus.
15. Through which routes can HIV be transmitted? (Select all that apply)
A. Unprotected anal or vaginal sex
B. Passing from mother to baby through birth
C. Sharing needles
D. A current STI with genital lesions
E. Casual contact
Rationale: HIV spreads through blood and body fluids, not casual contact.
16. What must the HIV virus do to replicate?
A. Convert RNA to DNA
B. Convert DNA to RNA
C. Form spores
D. Produce toxins
Rationale: HIV is a retrovirus that makes DNA from its RNA.
17. Which enzymes are necessary for HIV replication? (Select all that apply)
A. Protease
