MSN 611 Quiz 3 Questions and Answers

MSN 611 Quiz 3 Questions and Answers A simple partial seizure is characterized by: a specific focal site of origin Which of the following is an important consideration when prescribing antidepressants? Seizures have been reported in some antidepressant trials. Choose the correct statement describing stimulants. They are used adjunctively with behavioral therapy for ADHD. Secondary uses for anxiolytic medications may include: ethanol withdrawal. The first anticonvulsant medication to be used as a mood stabilizer was ______________. carbamazapine Auras associated with migraine headaches: may respond to serotonergic agents in patients with severe migraines. What is the pathology of Parkinson's disease, the hallmark symptoms associated with the disease, and the challenges associated with dosing to manage symptoms. All of the above Ans: Parkinson's disease is caused by impaired dopamine activity in the basal ganglia. Characteristic symptoms include tremor, muscle rigidity, and slowness or absence of voluntary movement. The treatment challenge is determining a dose that increases dopamine activity without resulting in excess dopamine activity, which can lead to persistent writhing, dyskinetic, or choreiform movements that some patients find more objectionable than the Parkinsonian symptoms. Arthritis, cancer pain, AND back pain are characterized as forms of _______ pain. chronic D2 receptors are a drug development target for which disease? Parkinson's Adverse effects of chronic phenytoin use may include osteomalacia. Which drug in the anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic category is a melatonin agonist? Ramelteon The "triptans" exert their serotonin 1B and serotonin 1D agonist effects in the: brainstem. Because it does not carry the risk of triggering ________________, acetaminophen is the drug of choice to treat fevers in children and young adults Reye's syndrome When prescribing benzodiazepines, only lorazepam, oxazepam, or temazepam should be considered for which patients? Patients with hepatic impairment Lithium is used as a treatment for: mania What percentage of the body's water is intracellular? 70 Which of the following is a symptom of excess water retention? Difficulty breathing Hyperammonemia can lead to which condition? Encephalopathy Which of the following is an ammonia detoxicant? Carglumic acid What is the mechanism of action of sodium polystyrene sulfonate? It removes potassium ions Choose the correct statement regarding diuretics. Thiazide diuretics work in the distal tubule. Which drug is FDA-approved for reduction or control of serum phosphorus in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis? Sevelamer Mechanisms of how an electrolyte imbalance might arise and the available preparations for replacing electrolytes in patients with low electrolyte levels. Both A and B Ans: the deficient electrolytes can easily be replaced by giving the electrically charged particle that they are lacking in a stable salt form. Electrolyte repletion can be accomplished through the use of oral solid tablets, chewable tablets, parenteral (IV) solutions, and powders. An important consideration when administering total parenteral nutrition peripherally is that: it should have a lower osmolality than for a central line. Thiazide-like diuretics work in the: distal tubule Often, irrigation solutions are sterile and must contain no ________ material. pyogenic In what year was spirometry introduced? 1846 Which respiratory disease involves permanently enlarged air spaces and scarring of lung tissue? Emphysema Which category of anti-inflammatory agents is associated with suppression of the hypothalamic‒pituitary‒adrenal (HPA) axis? Oral corticosteroids Which of the following statements regarding inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is accurate? They may be used in combination with bronchodilating beta agonists. The most commonly used mucolytic agent is: N-acetylcysteine Typical adverse reactions to oral calcium-channel blockers include: edema. Which of the following drugs may cause neuropsychiatric events? Montelukast Which statement (s) describe the neurological basis of the cough reflex and the pharmacologic approach to cough management. Both A & B Ans: D Afferent vagus nerves richly innervate the aerodigestive tract and travel to the medulla or cough center where a cough is elicited—a process referred to as the cough reflex arc.