Test Bank for Pediatric Physical Examination: An Illustrated
̦̣
Handbook 4th Edition by Karen G. Duderstadt
̦̣ and Victoria F. Keeton
,Pediatric Physical Examination 4th Edition Duderstadt
̦̣ TESTBANK
Chapter 1: Approach to Care and Assessment of Children and Adolescents
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse
̦̣ is reviewing developmental concepts for infants and children. Which statement best
describes development in infants and children?
a. Development, a predictable and orderly process, occurs
̦̣ at varying rates within
normal limits.
b. Development is primarily related to the growth in the number
̦̣ and size of cells.
c. Development occurs
̦̣ in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle
̦̣ development
occurring
̦̣ first.
d. Development is more easily and accurately
̦̣ measured
̦̣ than growth.
ANS: A
Development, a continuou
̦̣ ș̣ orderly process, provides the basis for increases in the childs
function
̦̣ and complexity of behavior. The increases in rate of function
̦̣ and complexity can vary
normally within limits for each child. An increase in the number
̦̣ and size of cells is a definition
for growth. Development proceeds in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle
̦̣ organization
occurring
̦̣ as a resulț̣ of large muscle
̦̣ organization. Development is a more complex process that
is affected by many factors; therefore, it is less easily and accurately
̦̣ measured.
̦̣ Growth is a
predictable process with standard measurement
̦̣ methods.
2. Frequent
̦̣ developmental assessments are important for which reason?
a. Stable developmental periods during
̦̣ infancy provide an opportunity
̦̣ to identify
any delays or deficits.
b. Infants need stimulation
̦̣ specific to the stage of development.
c. Critical periods of development occur̦̣ during
̦̣ childhood.
d. Child development is unpredictable
̦̣ and needs monitoring.
Want to earn
,ANS: C
Critical periods are blocks of time during
̦̣ which children are ready to master specific
developmental tasks. Children can master these tasks more easily during
̦̣ particular
̦̣ periods of time
in their growth and developmental process. Infancy is a dynamic time of development that
requires
̦̣ frequent
̦̣ evaluations
̦̣ to assess appropriate developmental progress. Infants in a nurtu
̦̣ ring
̦̣
environment will develop appropriately and will not necessarily need stimulation
̦̣ specific to their
developmental stage. Normal growth and development are orderly and proceed in a predictable
pattern on the basis of each individuals
̦̣ abilities and potentials.
3. Which factor has the greatest influence
̦̣ on child growth and development?
a. Cultu
̦̣ re
̦̣
b. Environment
c. Genetics
d. Nutrition
̦̣
ANS: C
Genetic factors (heredity) determine each individuals
̦̣ growth and developmental rate. Although
̦̣
factors such
̦̣ as environment, cultu
̦̣ re,
̦̣ nutrition,
̦̣ and family can influence
̦̣ genetic traits, they do not
eliminate the effect of the genetic endowment, which is permanent. Cultu
̦̣ re
̦̣ is a significant factor
that influences
̦̣ how children grow toward adulthood.
̦̣ Cultu
̦̣ re
̦̣ influences
̦̣ both growth and
development buț̣ does not eliminate inborn genetic influences.
̦̣ Environment has a significant role
in determining growth and development both before and after birth. The environment can
influence
̦̣ how and to which extent genetic traits are manifested, buț̣ environmental factors cannot
eliminate the effect of genetics. Nutrition
̦̣ is critical for growth and plays a significant role
throughou
̦̣ ț̣ childhood.
4. A nurse
̦̣ is planning a teaching session with a child. According to Piagetian theory, the period of
cognitive development in which the child is able to distinguish
̦̣ fact from fantasy is the period of
cognitive development.
a. sensorimotor
Want to earn
,
̦̣
Handbook 4th Edition by Karen G. Duderstadt
̦̣ and Victoria F. Keeton
,Pediatric Physical Examination 4th Edition Duderstadt
̦̣ TESTBANK
Chapter 1: Approach to Care and Assessment of Children and Adolescents
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse
̦̣ is reviewing developmental concepts for infants and children. Which statement best
describes development in infants and children?
a. Development, a predictable and orderly process, occurs
̦̣ at varying rates within
normal limits.
b. Development is primarily related to the growth in the number
̦̣ and size of cells.
c. Development occurs
̦̣ in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle
̦̣ development
occurring
̦̣ first.
d. Development is more easily and accurately
̦̣ measured
̦̣ than growth.
ANS: A
Development, a continuou
̦̣ ș̣ orderly process, provides the basis for increases in the childs
function
̦̣ and complexity of behavior. The increases in rate of function
̦̣ and complexity can vary
normally within limits for each child. An increase in the number
̦̣ and size of cells is a definition
for growth. Development proceeds in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle
̦̣ organization
occurring
̦̣ as a resulț̣ of large muscle
̦̣ organization. Development is a more complex process that
is affected by many factors; therefore, it is less easily and accurately
̦̣ measured.
̦̣ Growth is a
predictable process with standard measurement
̦̣ methods.
2. Frequent
̦̣ developmental assessments are important for which reason?
a. Stable developmental periods during
̦̣ infancy provide an opportunity
̦̣ to identify
any delays or deficits.
b. Infants need stimulation
̦̣ specific to the stage of development.
c. Critical periods of development occur̦̣ during
̦̣ childhood.
d. Child development is unpredictable
̦̣ and needs monitoring.
Want to earn
,ANS: C
Critical periods are blocks of time during
̦̣ which children are ready to master specific
developmental tasks. Children can master these tasks more easily during
̦̣ particular
̦̣ periods of time
in their growth and developmental process. Infancy is a dynamic time of development that
requires
̦̣ frequent
̦̣ evaluations
̦̣ to assess appropriate developmental progress. Infants in a nurtu
̦̣ ring
̦̣
environment will develop appropriately and will not necessarily need stimulation
̦̣ specific to their
developmental stage. Normal growth and development are orderly and proceed in a predictable
pattern on the basis of each individuals
̦̣ abilities and potentials.
3. Which factor has the greatest influence
̦̣ on child growth and development?
a. Cultu
̦̣ re
̦̣
b. Environment
c. Genetics
d. Nutrition
̦̣
ANS: C
Genetic factors (heredity) determine each individuals
̦̣ growth and developmental rate. Although
̦̣
factors such
̦̣ as environment, cultu
̦̣ re,
̦̣ nutrition,
̦̣ and family can influence
̦̣ genetic traits, they do not
eliminate the effect of the genetic endowment, which is permanent. Cultu
̦̣ re
̦̣ is a significant factor
that influences
̦̣ how children grow toward adulthood.
̦̣ Cultu
̦̣ re
̦̣ influences
̦̣ both growth and
development buț̣ does not eliminate inborn genetic influences.
̦̣ Environment has a significant role
in determining growth and development both before and after birth. The environment can
influence
̦̣ how and to which extent genetic traits are manifested, buț̣ environmental factors cannot
eliminate the effect of genetics. Nutrition
̦̣ is critical for growth and plays a significant role
throughou
̦̣ ț̣ childhood.
4. A nurse
̦̣ is planning a teaching session with a child. According to Piagetian theory, the period of
cognitive development in which the child is able to distinguish
̦̣ fact from fantasy is the period of
cognitive development.
a. sensorimotor
Want to earn
,
