Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam I and GI ATI –
focused exam review and ATI-aligned study
material Questions and Answers 100% Verified
Question:
A nurse is caring for a hospitalized client with acute pancreatitis. After treatment begins, the
nurse anticipates that which serum laboratory value will return to normal within 72 hr? A
aldolase B amylase C lipase D lactose dehydrogenase
Answer:
B, Amylase Rationale: Pancreatitis is the most common reason for marked elevations in
serum amylase. Serum amylase begins to increase about 3 to 6 hr following onset of
acute pancreatitis. The amylase level peaks in 20 to 30 hr and returns to normal in 2 to 3
days.
Question:
A client is receiving a tube feeding via a continuous enteral pump at 75 mL/hr. When the
nurse assesses the client at 0800, which of the following nursing observations requires
intervention? A A pitcher of water and plastic cup are sitting on the client's over-bed table
within reach. B The disposable feeding bag is from the previous day at 1000 and contains
200 mL of feeding. C The client is lying on the right side with a visible dependent loop in the
feeding tube. D, The head of the bed is elevated 20º.
Answer:
D, The head of the bed is elevated 20º. Rationale:The head of the bed should be
elevated at least 30º (semi-Fowler's position) while the tube feeding is administered. This
position uses gravity to help the feeding go down and lessens the possibility of
regurgitation.
, Question:
A nurse is caring for a client with severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who is to
undergo a esophagoscopy. While teaching the client about the procedure, the nurse should
state, AThe procedure is needed to measure the presence of acid in the esophagus." "B
Esophagoscopy is useful in determining how well the lower part of your esophagus works."
"C You should discuss this procedure with your provider." "D An esophagoscopy procedure
helps to determine if you have cancer."
Answer:
B, Esophagoscopy is useful in determining how well the lower part of your esophagus
works." Rationale: Esophagoscopy is useful in determining the incompetence of the
lower esophageal sphincter and the extent of inflammation, potential scarring, and
strictures.
Question:
A nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with fulminant hepatic failure. Which of the
following procedures should the nurse expect the client to be prepared for? A Portacaval
anastomosis B Right liver lobectomy C Liver transplant D Transjugular intrahepatic
portosystemic shunt
Answer:
C, Liver Transplant Rationale: Fulminant hepatic failure, most often caused by viral
hepatitis, is characterized by the development of hepatic encephalopathy within weeks of
the onset of disease in a client without prior evidence of hepatic dysfunction. Mortality
remains high, even with treatment modalities such as blood or plasma exchanges,
charcoal hemoperfusion, and corticosteroids. Consequently, liver transplantation has
become the treatment of choice for these clients.
focused exam review and ATI-aligned study
material Questions and Answers 100% Verified
Question:
A nurse is caring for a hospitalized client with acute pancreatitis. After treatment begins, the
nurse anticipates that which serum laboratory value will return to normal within 72 hr? A
aldolase B amylase C lipase D lactose dehydrogenase
Answer:
B, Amylase Rationale: Pancreatitis is the most common reason for marked elevations in
serum amylase. Serum amylase begins to increase about 3 to 6 hr following onset of
acute pancreatitis. The amylase level peaks in 20 to 30 hr and returns to normal in 2 to 3
days.
Question:
A client is receiving a tube feeding via a continuous enteral pump at 75 mL/hr. When the
nurse assesses the client at 0800, which of the following nursing observations requires
intervention? A A pitcher of water and plastic cup are sitting on the client's over-bed table
within reach. B The disposable feeding bag is from the previous day at 1000 and contains
200 mL of feeding. C The client is lying on the right side with a visible dependent loop in the
feeding tube. D, The head of the bed is elevated 20º.
Answer:
D, The head of the bed is elevated 20º. Rationale:The head of the bed should be
elevated at least 30º (semi-Fowler's position) while the tube feeding is administered. This
position uses gravity to help the feeding go down and lessens the possibility of
regurgitation.
, Question:
A nurse is caring for a client with severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who is to
undergo a esophagoscopy. While teaching the client about the procedure, the nurse should
state, AThe procedure is needed to measure the presence of acid in the esophagus." "B
Esophagoscopy is useful in determining how well the lower part of your esophagus works."
"C You should discuss this procedure with your provider." "D An esophagoscopy procedure
helps to determine if you have cancer."
Answer:
B, Esophagoscopy is useful in determining how well the lower part of your esophagus
works." Rationale: Esophagoscopy is useful in determining the incompetence of the
lower esophageal sphincter and the extent of inflammation, potential scarring, and
strictures.
Question:
A nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with fulminant hepatic failure. Which of the
following procedures should the nurse expect the client to be prepared for? A Portacaval
anastomosis B Right liver lobectomy C Liver transplant D Transjugular intrahepatic
portosystemic shunt
Answer:
C, Liver Transplant Rationale: Fulminant hepatic failure, most often caused by viral
hepatitis, is characterized by the development of hepatic encephalopathy within weeks of
the onset of disease in a client without prior evidence of hepatic dysfunction. Mortality
remains high, even with treatment modalities such as blood or plasma exchanges,
charcoal hemoperfusion, and corticosteroids. Consequently, liver transplantation has
become the treatment of choice for these clients.
