PFCCS COMPREHENSIVE TEST PAPER
WITH SOLVED QUESTIONS
◉ What is the immediate goal in brain injury ?
Answer: Prevent secondary injury by monitoring PaCO2, PaO2
and blood pressure
◉ S/S of elevated ICP
Answer: -Cushing triad: HTN, bradycardia, and abnormal
respiratory pattern
-Extensor or flexor posturing
◉ Cerebral Perfusion Pressure
Answer: MAP-ICP
normal ranges
infant:40-50
child: 50-60
◉ In patients with brain injury with ICP it is normal to have
Answer: High blood pressure to maintain CPP
◉ Managing elevated ICP
Answer: Hypertonic Saline
, Mannitol
vasopressors ( to increase CPP)
Fever control
CSF drainage
elevate head 30 degrees
◉ Contraindications to lumbar puncture
Answer: Any signs of ICP
◉ What is an early sign of mental status change in a young child
Answer: Irritability
◉ Common congenital defects that can lead to low cardiac output
in newborns (3)
Answer: Coarctation of the aorta
Critical aortic stenosis
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
◉ TET Spells are
Answer: Hypoxic episodes that are relieved by squatting or knee
chest position
◉ CHD can be categorized into 2 groups
Answer: Cyanotic and acyanotic
WITH SOLVED QUESTIONS
◉ What is the immediate goal in brain injury ?
Answer: Prevent secondary injury by monitoring PaCO2, PaO2
and blood pressure
◉ S/S of elevated ICP
Answer: -Cushing triad: HTN, bradycardia, and abnormal
respiratory pattern
-Extensor or flexor posturing
◉ Cerebral Perfusion Pressure
Answer: MAP-ICP
normal ranges
infant:40-50
child: 50-60
◉ In patients with brain injury with ICP it is normal to have
Answer: High blood pressure to maintain CPP
◉ Managing elevated ICP
Answer: Hypertonic Saline
, Mannitol
vasopressors ( to increase CPP)
Fever control
CSF drainage
elevate head 30 degrees
◉ Contraindications to lumbar puncture
Answer: Any signs of ICP
◉ What is an early sign of mental status change in a young child
Answer: Irritability
◉ Common congenital defects that can lead to low cardiac output
in newborns (3)
Answer: Coarctation of the aorta
Critical aortic stenosis
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
◉ TET Spells are
Answer: Hypoxic episodes that are relieved by squatting or knee
chest position
◉ CHD can be categorized into 2 groups
Answer: Cyanotic and acyanotic
