Pediatrics | Practice Questions & Answers
Decreased iron concentration in serum is NOT a e. Aplastic anemia
typical laboratory finding for:
a. Chronic bleeding
b. Parasites infestation
c. Malnutrition
d. Chronic infection
e. Aplastic anemia
Diagnostic criteria of NF1 include: e. All of above
a. Optic nerve glioma
b. First degree relative with NF1
c. Freckles in axillary region
d. None of above
e. All of above
There is no indication for urgent (<12 h) endoscopic e. Swallowing non-ionic washing capsule, without clinical symptoms
intervention in:
a. A plastic foreign body stuck in the esophagus (Tror dette er vaskemiddel til tøy)
b. Round battery visible on x-ray in the intestinal lumen
c. A plastic foreign body stuck in the stomach with
symptoms of obstruction
d. A pointed metallic object in the lumen of the stomach
e. Swallowing non-ionic washing capsule, without clinical
symptoms
Which of the statements characterizing pertussis c. 4, 5 true
vaccination are true: DTaP - Europe + US
1. This vaccine can not be given to children with low birth DTwP - Some parts in Asia + Africa. Can be given from 6th week of life.
weight Low birth weight is NOT a contraindication for either
2. Acellular vaccine can not be given in the first year of life
3. Axillary lymphadenopathy is a typical adverse event
after pertussis vaccination
4. Vaccination series includes 4 doses
5. Characteristic adverse events appear 72 hours after
vaccination
a. 1, 3, 4 true
b. 2, 3, 4 true
c. 4, 5 true
d. 3, 4 true
e. 1, 2, 4, 5 true
Mononucleosis: a. Do not require management with antibiotics
a. Do not require management with antibiotics Mono = EBV = Kissing disease
b. Complications do not occur Fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy
c. After 2 days the child is completely healthy Supportive care
d. The child should perform intensive physical effort Monospot test
e. Every child is vaccinated against mononucleosis in
infancy
A patient has been vaccinated with an MMR (measles, d. Only 1 and 3 are correct
mumps, rubella) vaccine today. When can you
vaccinate this patients against chicken pox?
a. At the same day
b. In two weeks time
c. In four weeks time
d. Only 1 and 3 are correct
e. A, B and C correct
Stuvia 2026-2027
, Pediatrics | Practice Questions & Answers
(2025) Combine the etiological factor of pneumonia a. 1 I, 2 IV, 3 II, 4 III
with the characteristic: Mycoplasma pneumoniae – Extra-pulmonary complications due to antigen cross-
1. Mycoplasma pneumoniae reactions
2. Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumocystis jirovecii – Foamy sputum when coughing
3. Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus – Lung abscesses
4. Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pneumoniae – Pleuritis
I. Extra-pulmonary complications related to cross-
reactions between the antigens of the etiological
factor and the host cells
II. Lung abscesses
III. Pleuritis
IV. Foamy sputum when coughing
a. 1 I, 2 IV, 3 II, 4 III
b. 1 III, 2 IV, 3 I, 4 II
c. 1 I, 2 II, 3 II, 4 IV
d. 1 IV, 2 I, 3 II, 4 III
e. None of the above
Assign the syndrome with its chromosomal c. 1e, 2b, 3a, 4d, 5c
aberration:
1. Down syndrome;
2. Edwards syndrome;
3. Patau syndrome;
4. Turner syndrome;
5. Klinefelter syndrome
a. trisomy 13;
b. Trisomy 18;
c. 47 XXY;
d. 45 X0;
e. trisomy 21
a. 1b, 2a, 3e, 4d, 5c
b. 1e, 2a, 3b, 4d, 5c
c. 1e, 2b, 3a, 4d, 5c
d. 1c, 2e, 3d, 4a, 5b
e. 1e, 2b, 3a, 4c, 5d
Indicate the false sentence concerning the Down b. In neonates with DS the congenital hypothyroidism is not higher than in general
Syndrome (DS): population
a. The majority of children with DS are given birth by
mothers under the 35th year of life Think D is correct (false one)
b. In neonates with DS the congenital hypothyroidism is
not higher than in general population
c. The presence of an unbalanced translocation in a
patient with DS is an indication for karyotype evaluation in
parents
d. The risk of having another child with DS in case of
simple trisomy is 10%
e. In DA the most common cause of hearing loss is a
conductive impairment
A full-term male infant, born by elective cesarean b. Transient tachypnea of the newborn
section develops respiratory distress at two hours of
age. Select the most likely cause:
a. Respiratory distress syndrome
b. Transient tachypnea of the newborn
c. Group B streptococcal infection
d. Meconium aspiration
e. Pneumothorax
Child with severe pallor of the skin and mouth b. Leukemia
mucosa, petechiae of the skin, anemia,
thrombocytopenia and leukopenia with neutropenia
most probably will be diagnosed as:
a. Iron deficiency anemia
b. Leukemia
c. Immunological thrombocytopenia
d. Respiratory tract infection
e. Hemophilia
Stuvia 2026-2027
, Pediatrics | Practice Questions & Answers
12 year old boy is brought to the office because he has c. Application of direct pressure
had recurrent episodes of epistaxis in the past two
months. The patient has no history of bruising or
bleeding. While he is in the examining room, an
episode of epistaxis occurs. On physical examination,
anterior bleeding is visible within the Kiesselback
plexus. Which of the following is the most
appropriate initial step in management?
a. Administration of clotting factors
b. Anterior nasal packing
c. Application of direct pressure
d. Cautery of the bleeding area
e. Referral of the patients to a pediatric otolaryngologist
Which of the following karyotypes has the mildest a. 47, XXX
effect on human development?
a. 47, XXX
b. 47, XXY
c. 47, XX, +13
d. 47, XY, +21
e. 47, XY, +18
The most common heart disease in newborns with b. Common atrioventricular canal
Down syndrome is:
a. Coarctation of the aorta
b. Common atrioventricular canal
c. Pulmonary artery stenosis
d. Abnormal venous outflow
e. Mitral valve regurgitation
(2025) A pathognomonic count of bacteria in urine c. Asymptomatic bacteriuria
culture without any pathological findings in urine
analysis and any clinical signs of urinary tract
infection is called:
a. Asymptomatic pyelonephritis
b. Asymptomatic urinary tract dysfunction
c. Asymptomatic bacteriuria
d. Asymptomatic bacteriemia
e. Asymptomatic cystitis
Antibodies typical for granulomatosis with polyangiitis b. ANCA
are:
a. ANA
b. ANCA
c. SSA
d. Antiphospholipid
e. Anti Scl
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) - choose the correct c. I, II, III, IV, V
combination:
(I) X-linked, recessive disease
(II) Congenital immunodeficiency syndrome
(III) Typical symptoms include eczema
(IV) Patients with WAS have increased bleeding risk
due to thrombocytopenia
(V) Patients with WAS have increased cancer risk
a. II
b. II, III, IV, V
c. I, II, III, IV, V
d. I, II, III, IV
e. II, III, IV
What are the vaccinations performed before releasing e. B and C
a newborn from the hospital after birth in Poland?
a. DTP
b. BCG
c. Hepatitis B
d. A and B
e. B and C
Stuvia 2026-2027
, Pediatrics | Practice Questions & Answers
The acronym TORCH means: b. Toxoplasmosis, other, rubella, cytomegaly, herpes
a. Toxoplasmosis, other, rubella, caries, herpes
b. Toxoplasmosis, other, rubella, cytomegaly, herpes
c. Thrombocytopenia, other, rubella, cytomegaly, herpes
d. Thrombocytopenia, osteomyelitis, rubella, caries, herpes
e. Thrombocytopenia, osteoporosis, rhinovirus, rubella,
herpes
Point the false characteristics of iron deficiency b. Sore tongue, brittle nails, frequent infections, increased serum ferritin,
anemia: poikoilocytosis, decreased serum iron level
a. Children with high risk of iron deficiency anemia include Decreased ferritin
preterm babies and twins
b. Sore tongue, brittle nails, frequent infections, increased
serum ferritin, poikoilocytosis, decreased serum iron level
c. Pallor, fatigue, unusual food cravings (pica), decreased
HCT, decreased HGB, decreased serum ferritin
d. Headache, shortness of breath, tachycardia, decreased
MCV, decreased MCHC, decreased ferritin level
e. Children with high risk of iron deficiency anemia include
infants fed with unmodified cow milk, girls with heavy
menstrual bleed
Which of the following statements about short stature a. Hypothyroidism does not lead to short stature
is NOT true?
a. Hypothyroidism does not lead to short stature
b. The most common reason of short stature worldwide is
malnutrition
c. Prader-Willi syndrome is one of the indications for
growth hormone treatment
d. It’s defined as a height that is 2 standard deviations
(SD) or more below the mean height for individuals of the
same sex and chronological age in a given population
e. Constitutional delay of growth and puberty is considered
a variant of normal growth, in which bone age is delayed
A mother with a 6 year old boy came to the GP’s office. c. Paracetamol, oral antihistamines, everyday bath
A child has been feverish for 2 days, additionally since
yesterday skin lesions have been appearing - at the
beginning these were spots, later vesicles and finally
crusts. Lesions are present also on the hairy scalp and
inside mouth, itching is severe. Besides above no
other abnormalities were found. What is your attitude?
a. Oral acyclovir for 5 consecutive days
b. Intravenous acyclovir for 10 consecutive days
c. Paracetamol, oral antihistamines, everyday bath
d. Aspirine, oral acyclovir for 5 consecutive days, cetirizine
e. There is no indication for any treatment
A patient has been vaccinated with an MMR (measles, e. A, B and C correct
mumps, rubella) vaccine today. When can you
vaccinate this patients against diphtheria?
a. At the same day
b. In two weeks time
c. In four weeks time
d. Only A and C correct
e. A, B and C correct
Stuvia 2026-2027
Decreased iron concentration in serum is NOT a e. Aplastic anemia
typical laboratory finding for:
a. Chronic bleeding
b. Parasites infestation
c. Malnutrition
d. Chronic infection
e. Aplastic anemia
Diagnostic criteria of NF1 include: e. All of above
a. Optic nerve glioma
b. First degree relative with NF1
c. Freckles in axillary region
d. None of above
e. All of above
There is no indication for urgent (<12 h) endoscopic e. Swallowing non-ionic washing capsule, without clinical symptoms
intervention in:
a. A plastic foreign body stuck in the esophagus (Tror dette er vaskemiddel til tøy)
b. Round battery visible on x-ray in the intestinal lumen
c. A plastic foreign body stuck in the stomach with
symptoms of obstruction
d. A pointed metallic object in the lumen of the stomach
e. Swallowing non-ionic washing capsule, without clinical
symptoms
Which of the statements characterizing pertussis c. 4, 5 true
vaccination are true: DTaP - Europe + US
1. This vaccine can not be given to children with low birth DTwP - Some parts in Asia + Africa. Can be given from 6th week of life.
weight Low birth weight is NOT a contraindication for either
2. Acellular vaccine can not be given in the first year of life
3. Axillary lymphadenopathy is a typical adverse event
after pertussis vaccination
4. Vaccination series includes 4 doses
5. Characteristic adverse events appear 72 hours after
vaccination
a. 1, 3, 4 true
b. 2, 3, 4 true
c. 4, 5 true
d. 3, 4 true
e. 1, 2, 4, 5 true
Mononucleosis: a. Do not require management with antibiotics
a. Do not require management with antibiotics Mono = EBV = Kissing disease
b. Complications do not occur Fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy
c. After 2 days the child is completely healthy Supportive care
d. The child should perform intensive physical effort Monospot test
e. Every child is vaccinated against mononucleosis in
infancy
A patient has been vaccinated with an MMR (measles, d. Only 1 and 3 are correct
mumps, rubella) vaccine today. When can you
vaccinate this patients against chicken pox?
a. At the same day
b. In two weeks time
c. In four weeks time
d. Only 1 and 3 are correct
e. A, B and C correct
Stuvia 2026-2027
, Pediatrics | Practice Questions & Answers
(2025) Combine the etiological factor of pneumonia a. 1 I, 2 IV, 3 II, 4 III
with the characteristic: Mycoplasma pneumoniae – Extra-pulmonary complications due to antigen cross-
1. Mycoplasma pneumoniae reactions
2. Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumocystis jirovecii – Foamy sputum when coughing
3. Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus – Lung abscesses
4. Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pneumoniae – Pleuritis
I. Extra-pulmonary complications related to cross-
reactions between the antigens of the etiological
factor and the host cells
II. Lung abscesses
III. Pleuritis
IV. Foamy sputum when coughing
a. 1 I, 2 IV, 3 II, 4 III
b. 1 III, 2 IV, 3 I, 4 II
c. 1 I, 2 II, 3 II, 4 IV
d. 1 IV, 2 I, 3 II, 4 III
e. None of the above
Assign the syndrome with its chromosomal c. 1e, 2b, 3a, 4d, 5c
aberration:
1. Down syndrome;
2. Edwards syndrome;
3. Patau syndrome;
4. Turner syndrome;
5. Klinefelter syndrome
a. trisomy 13;
b. Trisomy 18;
c. 47 XXY;
d. 45 X0;
e. trisomy 21
a. 1b, 2a, 3e, 4d, 5c
b. 1e, 2a, 3b, 4d, 5c
c. 1e, 2b, 3a, 4d, 5c
d. 1c, 2e, 3d, 4a, 5b
e. 1e, 2b, 3a, 4c, 5d
Indicate the false sentence concerning the Down b. In neonates with DS the congenital hypothyroidism is not higher than in general
Syndrome (DS): population
a. The majority of children with DS are given birth by
mothers under the 35th year of life Think D is correct (false one)
b. In neonates with DS the congenital hypothyroidism is
not higher than in general population
c. The presence of an unbalanced translocation in a
patient with DS is an indication for karyotype evaluation in
parents
d. The risk of having another child with DS in case of
simple trisomy is 10%
e. In DA the most common cause of hearing loss is a
conductive impairment
A full-term male infant, born by elective cesarean b. Transient tachypnea of the newborn
section develops respiratory distress at two hours of
age. Select the most likely cause:
a. Respiratory distress syndrome
b. Transient tachypnea of the newborn
c. Group B streptococcal infection
d. Meconium aspiration
e. Pneumothorax
Child with severe pallor of the skin and mouth b. Leukemia
mucosa, petechiae of the skin, anemia,
thrombocytopenia and leukopenia with neutropenia
most probably will be diagnosed as:
a. Iron deficiency anemia
b. Leukemia
c. Immunological thrombocytopenia
d. Respiratory tract infection
e. Hemophilia
Stuvia 2026-2027
, Pediatrics | Practice Questions & Answers
12 year old boy is brought to the office because he has c. Application of direct pressure
had recurrent episodes of epistaxis in the past two
months. The patient has no history of bruising or
bleeding. While he is in the examining room, an
episode of epistaxis occurs. On physical examination,
anterior bleeding is visible within the Kiesselback
plexus. Which of the following is the most
appropriate initial step in management?
a. Administration of clotting factors
b. Anterior nasal packing
c. Application of direct pressure
d. Cautery of the bleeding area
e. Referral of the patients to a pediatric otolaryngologist
Which of the following karyotypes has the mildest a. 47, XXX
effect on human development?
a. 47, XXX
b. 47, XXY
c. 47, XX, +13
d. 47, XY, +21
e. 47, XY, +18
The most common heart disease in newborns with b. Common atrioventricular canal
Down syndrome is:
a. Coarctation of the aorta
b. Common atrioventricular canal
c. Pulmonary artery stenosis
d. Abnormal venous outflow
e. Mitral valve regurgitation
(2025) A pathognomonic count of bacteria in urine c. Asymptomatic bacteriuria
culture without any pathological findings in urine
analysis and any clinical signs of urinary tract
infection is called:
a. Asymptomatic pyelonephritis
b. Asymptomatic urinary tract dysfunction
c. Asymptomatic bacteriuria
d. Asymptomatic bacteriemia
e. Asymptomatic cystitis
Antibodies typical for granulomatosis with polyangiitis b. ANCA
are:
a. ANA
b. ANCA
c. SSA
d. Antiphospholipid
e. Anti Scl
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) - choose the correct c. I, II, III, IV, V
combination:
(I) X-linked, recessive disease
(II) Congenital immunodeficiency syndrome
(III) Typical symptoms include eczema
(IV) Patients with WAS have increased bleeding risk
due to thrombocytopenia
(V) Patients with WAS have increased cancer risk
a. II
b. II, III, IV, V
c. I, II, III, IV, V
d. I, II, III, IV
e. II, III, IV
What are the vaccinations performed before releasing e. B and C
a newborn from the hospital after birth in Poland?
a. DTP
b. BCG
c. Hepatitis B
d. A and B
e. B and C
Stuvia 2026-2027
, Pediatrics | Practice Questions & Answers
The acronym TORCH means: b. Toxoplasmosis, other, rubella, cytomegaly, herpes
a. Toxoplasmosis, other, rubella, caries, herpes
b. Toxoplasmosis, other, rubella, cytomegaly, herpes
c. Thrombocytopenia, other, rubella, cytomegaly, herpes
d. Thrombocytopenia, osteomyelitis, rubella, caries, herpes
e. Thrombocytopenia, osteoporosis, rhinovirus, rubella,
herpes
Point the false characteristics of iron deficiency b. Sore tongue, brittle nails, frequent infections, increased serum ferritin,
anemia: poikoilocytosis, decreased serum iron level
a. Children with high risk of iron deficiency anemia include Decreased ferritin
preterm babies and twins
b. Sore tongue, brittle nails, frequent infections, increased
serum ferritin, poikoilocytosis, decreased serum iron level
c. Pallor, fatigue, unusual food cravings (pica), decreased
HCT, decreased HGB, decreased serum ferritin
d. Headache, shortness of breath, tachycardia, decreased
MCV, decreased MCHC, decreased ferritin level
e. Children with high risk of iron deficiency anemia include
infants fed with unmodified cow milk, girls with heavy
menstrual bleed
Which of the following statements about short stature a. Hypothyroidism does not lead to short stature
is NOT true?
a. Hypothyroidism does not lead to short stature
b. The most common reason of short stature worldwide is
malnutrition
c. Prader-Willi syndrome is one of the indications for
growth hormone treatment
d. It’s defined as a height that is 2 standard deviations
(SD) or more below the mean height for individuals of the
same sex and chronological age in a given population
e. Constitutional delay of growth and puberty is considered
a variant of normal growth, in which bone age is delayed
A mother with a 6 year old boy came to the GP’s office. c. Paracetamol, oral antihistamines, everyday bath
A child has been feverish for 2 days, additionally since
yesterday skin lesions have been appearing - at the
beginning these were spots, later vesicles and finally
crusts. Lesions are present also on the hairy scalp and
inside mouth, itching is severe. Besides above no
other abnormalities were found. What is your attitude?
a. Oral acyclovir for 5 consecutive days
b. Intravenous acyclovir for 10 consecutive days
c. Paracetamol, oral antihistamines, everyday bath
d. Aspirine, oral acyclovir for 5 consecutive days, cetirizine
e. There is no indication for any treatment
A patient has been vaccinated with an MMR (measles, e. A, B and C correct
mumps, rubella) vaccine today. When can you
vaccinate this patients against diphtheria?
a. At the same day
b. In two weeks time
c. In four weeks time
d. Only A and C correct
e. A, B and C correct
Stuvia 2026-2027
