NAMING OF SUBSTANCES
number of carbons
in main chain functional group
SUBSTITUENT PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
·
find the main chain . This must include the functional gralp !
2
which carbon is #1 ?
preference is given to : functional group ; double bonds ; substituent (alkyl group/halogens (
-
δ ㅐ
-
hydroxy) > double bond >
halogen/alkyl group
if two halogens/substituents have the same number when numbered from different ends,
the carbons ar numbered according to
alphabetical order of the halogens/substituents
3 Name the
longest chain (number of carbons) & ROOT
↑ Name the suffix (functional . Halogens named as substituent prefix
group)
5 &
Name alkyl halogen substituents >
- PREFIX
6 if 2 identical substituent : use di/tri
> write substituents in alphabetical order (di/tri to be Ignored) , irrespective of
what carbon they're attached to
8 'a' must be added to the root before-diene (buta-1 ,
5-diene ; but -
1 ,
2
* dienel
Naming Alcohols O-H
'e' remains if its adio (butane-1 2-diol) ,
1
suffix'- ol
2'e' is removed from the root (butan" -
1-ol ;
butane 1-01) -
when 1x'oH
Naming Carboxylic Acids
ㅣ suffix
'-
oic acid' ㅇ
"
pentantoic acid
고 -
C -
δ H
& carbon #
always
Naming Esters (alcond +
carboxyllic acid)
I find the
'branching-o-' ㅇ
anl
-
fy )
2 the side with the 11 is the acid butyl e thanodte
_
ー acid had 2x
3 alcohol gets named as an alkyl group first 9) cohol had 4x C
↑ acid gets named with the suffix '-anoate
, TL/DR :
functional group
SUBSTITUENT PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
alky groups main chain functional group /
halogens carbons
homologous series
_
、
C -
c
bromc di 1- meth C -
X
alkane/haloalkane : and ethane
⇌
chloro tri 2 ℃ alkene ene
-
eth :
ethene
ethyl prop alconol ol
3 :
tetra -
.H
0 ethano
fluoro but .. acid acid
ethanoi (
o ↑ carboxyllic acid
-
penta
-ot
, oic
propyl
iodg ☆
pent ?-0-C-ester butanoate
.
·methyl .
moate
-
-yl
:
6 -
nex
7
hept
-
-
8 oat
9 -
mon
σ dec
number of carbons
in main chain functional group
SUBSTITUENT PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
·
find the main chain . This must include the functional gralp !
2
which carbon is #1 ?
preference is given to : functional group ; double bonds ; substituent (alkyl group/halogens (
-
δ ㅐ
-
hydroxy) > double bond >
halogen/alkyl group
if two halogens/substituents have the same number when numbered from different ends,
the carbons ar numbered according to
alphabetical order of the halogens/substituents
3 Name the
longest chain (number of carbons) & ROOT
↑ Name the suffix (functional . Halogens named as substituent prefix
group)
5 &
Name alkyl halogen substituents >
- PREFIX
6 if 2 identical substituent : use di/tri
> write substituents in alphabetical order (di/tri to be Ignored) , irrespective of
what carbon they're attached to
8 'a' must be added to the root before-diene (buta-1 ,
5-diene ; but -
1 ,
2
* dienel
Naming Alcohols O-H
'e' remains if its adio (butane-1 2-diol) ,
1
suffix'- ol
2'e' is removed from the root (butan" -
1-ol ;
butane 1-01) -
when 1x'oH
Naming Carboxylic Acids
ㅣ suffix
'-
oic acid' ㅇ
"
pentantoic acid
고 -
C -
δ H
& carbon #
always
Naming Esters (alcond +
carboxyllic acid)
I find the
'branching-o-' ㅇ
anl
-
fy )
2 the side with the 11 is the acid butyl e thanodte
_
ー acid had 2x
3 alcohol gets named as an alkyl group first 9) cohol had 4x C
↑ acid gets named with the suffix '-anoate
, TL/DR :
functional group
SUBSTITUENT PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX
alky groups main chain functional group /
halogens carbons
homologous series
_
、
C -
c
bromc di 1- meth C -
X
alkane/haloalkane : and ethane
⇌
chloro tri 2 ℃ alkene ene
-
eth :
ethene
ethyl prop alconol ol
3 :
tetra -
.H
0 ethano
fluoro but .. acid acid
ethanoi (
o ↑ carboxyllic acid
-
penta
-ot
, oic
propyl
iodg ☆
pent ?-0-C-ester butanoate
.
·methyl .
moate
-
-yl
:
6 -
nex
7
hept
-
-
8 oat
9 -
mon
σ dec
