A&P Straighterline Final Exam 3 Core Body Systems and
Physiological Functions Review Questions with Correct Answers
(Grade A+)
Question 1: During repolarization of the plasma membrane,
A) Na+ move to the inside of the cell.
B) Na+ move to the outside of the cell.
C) K+ move to the inside of the cell.
D) K+ move to the outside of the cell
Answer: D) K+ move to the outside of the cell.
Question 2: Given these events: 1. acetylcholine broken down into acetic acid and choline 2.
acetylcholine moves across the synaptic cleft 3. action potential reaches the terminal branch of the
motor neuron 4. acetylcholine combines with a receptor molecule 5. action potential is produced on the
muscle fiber's plasma membrane Choose the arrangement that lists the events in the order they occur
at a neuromuscular junction.
A) 2,3,4,1,5
B) 3,2,4,5,1
C) 3,4,2,1,5
D) 4,5,2,1,3
E) 5,1,2,4,3
Answer: B) 3,2,4,5,1
Question 3: Acetylcholinesterase is an important molecule in the neuromuscular junction because it
A) stimulates receptors on the presynaptic terminal.
B) synthesizes acetylcholine from acetic acid and choline.
C) stimulates receptors within the postsynaptic membrane.
D) breaks down acetylcholine.
E) causes the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Answer: D) breaks down acetylcholine.
Question 4: Given these events: 1. sarcoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+ 2. sarcoplasmic reticulum
takes up Ca2+ 3. Ca2+ diffuse into myofibrils 4. action potential moves down the T tubule 5. sarcomere
shortens 6. muscle relaxes Choose the arrangement that lists the events in the order they occur
following a single stimulation of a skeletal muscle cell.
A) 1,3,4,5,2,6
B) 2,3,5,4,6,1
C) 4,1,3,5,2,6
D) 4,2,3,5,1,6
E) 5,1,4,3,2,6
F) 4,1,3,5,2,6
Page 1
, Answer: C) 4,1,3,5,2,6
Question 5: Given these events: 1. Ca2+ combine with tropomyosin 2. Ca2+ combine with troponin 3.
tropomyosin pulls away from actin 4. troponin pulls away from actin 5. tropomyosin pulls away from
myosin 6. troponin pulls away from myosin 7. myosin binds to actin Choose the arrangement that lists
the events in the order they occur during muscle contraction.
A) 1,4,7
B) 2,5,6
C) 1,3,7
D) 2,4,7
E) 2,3,7
Answer: E) 2,3,7
Question 6: Which of these regions shortens during skeletal muscle contraction?
A) A band
B) I band
C) H zone
D) both a and b
E) both b and c
Answer: E) both b and c
Question 7: With stimuli of increasing strength, which of these is capable of a graded response?
A) nerve axon
B) muscle fiber
C) motor unit
D) whole muscle
Answer: D) whole muscle
Question 8: Considering the force of contraction of a skeletal muscle cell, multiple-wave summation
occurs because of
A) increased strength of action potentials on the plasma membrane.
B) a decreased number of cross-bridges formed.
C) an increase in Ca2+ concentration around the myofibrils.
D) an increased number of motor units recruited.
E) increased permeability of the sarcolemma to Ca2+
Answer: C) an increase in Ca2+ concentration around the myofibrils.
Page 2
,Question 9: Which of these events occurs during the lag (latent) phase of muscle contraction?
A) cross-bridge movement
B) active transport of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
C) Ca2+ bind to troponin
D) the sarcomere shortens
E) ATP is broken down to ADP
Answer: C) Ca2+ bind to troponin
Question 10: A weight lifter attempts to lift a weight from the floor, but the weight is so heavy he is
unable to move it. The type of muscle contraction the weight lifter used was mostly
A) isometric.
B) isotonic.
C) isokinetic.
D) concentric.
E) eccentric
Answer: A) isometric.
Question 11: An active tension curve illustrates
A) how isometric contractions occur.
B) that the greatest force of contraction occurs if a muscle is not stretched at all.
C) that passive tension can create active tension.
D) that optimal overlap of actin and myosin produces the greatest force of contraction.
E) that the greatest force of contraction occurs with little or no overlap of actin and myosin
Answer: D) that optimal overlap of actin and myosin produces the
greatest force of contraction.
Question 12: Which of these types of fatigue is the most common?
A) muscular fatigue
B) psychologic fatigue
C) synaptic fatigue
D) army fatigue
Answer: B) psychologic fatigue
Question 13: Given these conditions: 1. low ATP levels 2. little or no transport of Ca2+ into the
sarcoplasmic reticulum 3. cross-bridges release 4. Na+ accumulate in the sarcoplasm 5. cross-bridges
form Choose the conditions that occur in both physiologic contracture and rigor mortis.
A) 1,2,3
B) 1,2,5
C) 1,2,3,4
D) 1,2,4,5
E) 1,2,3,4,5
Page 3
, Answer: D) 1,2,4,5
Question 14: Jerry Jogger's 3 mile run every morning takes about 30 minutes. Which of these sources
provides most of the energy for his run?
A) aerobic respiration
B) anaerobic respiration
C) creatine phosphate
D) stored ATP
Answer: A) aerobic respiration
Question 15: Which of these conditions would one expect to find within the leg muscle cells of a
world-class marathon runner?
A) myoglobin-poor
B) contract very quickly
C) primarily anaerobic
D) numerous mitochondria
E) large deposits of glycogen
Answer: D) numerous mitochondria
Question 16: Which of these increases the least as a result of muscle hypertrophy?
A) increase in number of sarcomeres
B) increase in number of myofibrils
C) increase in number of fibers
D) increase in blood vessels and mitochondria
E) increase in connective tissue
Answer: C) increase in number of fibers
Question 17: Relaxation in smooth muscle occurs when
A) myosin kinase attaches phosphate to the myosin head.
B) Ca2+ bind to calmodulin.
C) myosin phosphatase removes phosphate from myosin.
D) Ca2+ channels open.
E) Ca2+ are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Answer: C) myosin phosphatase removes phosphate from myosin.
Page 4
Physiological Functions Review Questions with Correct Answers
(Grade A+)
Question 1: During repolarization of the plasma membrane,
A) Na+ move to the inside of the cell.
B) Na+ move to the outside of the cell.
C) K+ move to the inside of the cell.
D) K+ move to the outside of the cell
Answer: D) K+ move to the outside of the cell.
Question 2: Given these events: 1. acetylcholine broken down into acetic acid and choline 2.
acetylcholine moves across the synaptic cleft 3. action potential reaches the terminal branch of the
motor neuron 4. acetylcholine combines with a receptor molecule 5. action potential is produced on the
muscle fiber's plasma membrane Choose the arrangement that lists the events in the order they occur
at a neuromuscular junction.
A) 2,3,4,1,5
B) 3,2,4,5,1
C) 3,4,2,1,5
D) 4,5,2,1,3
E) 5,1,2,4,3
Answer: B) 3,2,4,5,1
Question 3: Acetylcholinesterase is an important molecule in the neuromuscular junction because it
A) stimulates receptors on the presynaptic terminal.
B) synthesizes acetylcholine from acetic acid and choline.
C) stimulates receptors within the postsynaptic membrane.
D) breaks down acetylcholine.
E) causes the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Answer: D) breaks down acetylcholine.
Question 4: Given these events: 1. sarcoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+ 2. sarcoplasmic reticulum
takes up Ca2+ 3. Ca2+ diffuse into myofibrils 4. action potential moves down the T tubule 5. sarcomere
shortens 6. muscle relaxes Choose the arrangement that lists the events in the order they occur
following a single stimulation of a skeletal muscle cell.
A) 1,3,4,5,2,6
B) 2,3,5,4,6,1
C) 4,1,3,5,2,6
D) 4,2,3,5,1,6
E) 5,1,4,3,2,6
F) 4,1,3,5,2,6
Page 1
, Answer: C) 4,1,3,5,2,6
Question 5: Given these events: 1. Ca2+ combine with tropomyosin 2. Ca2+ combine with troponin 3.
tropomyosin pulls away from actin 4. troponin pulls away from actin 5. tropomyosin pulls away from
myosin 6. troponin pulls away from myosin 7. myosin binds to actin Choose the arrangement that lists
the events in the order they occur during muscle contraction.
A) 1,4,7
B) 2,5,6
C) 1,3,7
D) 2,4,7
E) 2,3,7
Answer: E) 2,3,7
Question 6: Which of these regions shortens during skeletal muscle contraction?
A) A band
B) I band
C) H zone
D) both a and b
E) both b and c
Answer: E) both b and c
Question 7: With stimuli of increasing strength, which of these is capable of a graded response?
A) nerve axon
B) muscle fiber
C) motor unit
D) whole muscle
Answer: D) whole muscle
Question 8: Considering the force of contraction of a skeletal muscle cell, multiple-wave summation
occurs because of
A) increased strength of action potentials on the plasma membrane.
B) a decreased number of cross-bridges formed.
C) an increase in Ca2+ concentration around the myofibrils.
D) an increased number of motor units recruited.
E) increased permeability of the sarcolemma to Ca2+
Answer: C) an increase in Ca2+ concentration around the myofibrils.
Page 2
,Question 9: Which of these events occurs during the lag (latent) phase of muscle contraction?
A) cross-bridge movement
B) active transport of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
C) Ca2+ bind to troponin
D) the sarcomere shortens
E) ATP is broken down to ADP
Answer: C) Ca2+ bind to troponin
Question 10: A weight lifter attempts to lift a weight from the floor, but the weight is so heavy he is
unable to move it. The type of muscle contraction the weight lifter used was mostly
A) isometric.
B) isotonic.
C) isokinetic.
D) concentric.
E) eccentric
Answer: A) isometric.
Question 11: An active tension curve illustrates
A) how isometric contractions occur.
B) that the greatest force of contraction occurs if a muscle is not stretched at all.
C) that passive tension can create active tension.
D) that optimal overlap of actin and myosin produces the greatest force of contraction.
E) that the greatest force of contraction occurs with little or no overlap of actin and myosin
Answer: D) that optimal overlap of actin and myosin produces the
greatest force of contraction.
Question 12: Which of these types of fatigue is the most common?
A) muscular fatigue
B) psychologic fatigue
C) synaptic fatigue
D) army fatigue
Answer: B) psychologic fatigue
Question 13: Given these conditions: 1. low ATP levels 2. little or no transport of Ca2+ into the
sarcoplasmic reticulum 3. cross-bridges release 4. Na+ accumulate in the sarcoplasm 5. cross-bridges
form Choose the conditions that occur in both physiologic contracture and rigor mortis.
A) 1,2,3
B) 1,2,5
C) 1,2,3,4
D) 1,2,4,5
E) 1,2,3,4,5
Page 3
, Answer: D) 1,2,4,5
Question 14: Jerry Jogger's 3 mile run every morning takes about 30 minutes. Which of these sources
provides most of the energy for his run?
A) aerobic respiration
B) anaerobic respiration
C) creatine phosphate
D) stored ATP
Answer: A) aerobic respiration
Question 15: Which of these conditions would one expect to find within the leg muscle cells of a
world-class marathon runner?
A) myoglobin-poor
B) contract very quickly
C) primarily anaerobic
D) numerous mitochondria
E) large deposits of glycogen
Answer: D) numerous mitochondria
Question 16: Which of these increases the least as a result of muscle hypertrophy?
A) increase in number of sarcomeres
B) increase in number of myofibrils
C) increase in number of fibers
D) increase in blood vessels and mitochondria
E) increase in connective tissue
Answer: C) increase in number of fibers
Question 17: Relaxation in smooth muscle occurs when
A) myosin kinase attaches phosphate to the myosin head.
B) Ca2+ bind to calmodulin.
C) myosin phosphatase removes phosphate from myosin.
D) Ca2+ channels open.
E) Ca2+ are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Answer: C) myosin phosphatase removes phosphate from myosin.
Page 4
