A&P Straighterline Final Exam 3 Comprehensive Anatomy and
Physiology Study Guide Questions with Correct Answers (Grade
A+)
Question 1: After contraction has occurred, the calcium is Select one:
a. destroyed by cholinesterase.
b. chemically bound to the cross bridges.
c. secreted by the Golgi apparatus to the outside of the cell.
d. released from troponin.
e. returned to the sarcolemma
Answer: d. released from troponin.
Question 2: Increased strength of a trained muscle is due to Select one:
a. an increased number of muscle fibers.
b. the nervous system's ability to recruit a large number of motor units simultaneously.
c. elimination of unnecessary enzymes and metabolic pathways.
d. elimination of all fat deposits.
e. elimination of unnecessary connective tissue
Answer: b. the nervous system's ability to recruit a large number of
motor units simultaneously.
Question 3: Skeletal muscle fibers Select one:
a. possess striations.
b. can contract but are not extensible or excitable.
c. do not require nerve innervation to contract.
d. increase dramatically in number after birth.
e. are found in the walls of the stomach
Answer: a. possess striations.
Question 4: Which of the following correctly describes myoglobin's special function in muscle tissue?
Select one:
a. breaks down glycogen
b. synthesizes ATP
c. acts as a reservoir for oxygen
d. produces action potentials
e. stores glucose
Answer: c. acts as a reservoir for oxygen
Page 1
,Question 5: The outside of the resting plasma membrane is __________ relative to the inside of the
resting plasma membrane. Select one:
a. positively charged
b. negatively charged
c. electrically neutral
d. recharged
e. None of these choices is correct
Answer: a. positively charged
Question 6: Fascia Select one:
a. surrounds individual muscles.
b. separates muscle fibers.
c. connects muscles to bone.
d. is a type of muscle tissue.
e. is a type of nerve tissue
Answer: a. surrounds individual muscles.
Question 7: When repolarization of the cell membrane is complete, the Select one:
a. cell dies.
b. cell regenerates.
c. cell no longer has a potential difference across its membrane.
d. cell is no longer responsive.
e. original polarity of the cell is restored
Answer: e. original polarity of the cell is restored.
Question 8: Which of the following actions is caused by contraction of skeletal muscle? Select one:
a. contraction of the heart
b. moving your feet in walking
c. movement of food through the digestive tract
d. emptying of the urinary bladder
e. vasoconstriction
Answer: b. moving your feet in walking
Question 9: What is smooth muscle tone? Select one:
a. can rapidly develop action potentials
b. shallow invaginations of cell membrane
c. relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time
d. intracellular cytoskeleton
e. enzyme that removes phosphate from myosin
Answer: c. relatively constant tension maintained for a period of
time
Page 2
,Question 10: The sites where a chemical substance is transmitted from the presynaptic terminal of an
axon to the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber are called Select one:
a. neuromuscular junctions.
b. sarcomeres.
c. myofilaments.
d. Z disks.
e. cell body of neuron
Answer: a. neuromuscular junctions.
Question 11: List the following structures in order from smallest to largest. (1) muscle fiber (2)
myofilament (3) myofibril (4) muscle fasciculus Select one:
a. 4, 2, 3, 1
b. 2, 1, 4, 3
c. 3, 1, 4, 2
d. 2, 3, 1, 4
e. 1, 2, 3, 4
Answer: d. 2, 3, 1, 4
Question 12: Which of the following is NOT true of muscular atrophy? Select one:
a. It is irreversible.
b. It can be caused by disuse.
c. It can be caused by denervation.
d. Transcutaneous stimulation can help prevent it.
e. Muscle fibers are replaced by connective tissue
Answer: a. It is irreversible.
Question 13: Myosin phosphatase Select one:
a. activates myosin kinase.
b. forms the cross-bridge.
c. removes phosphate from myosin.
d. binds to calcium-calmodulin complex.
e. opens calcium channels
Answer: c. removes phosphate from myosin.
Question 14: Which type of muscle tissue would cause flexion and extension of the arm? Select one:
a. skeletal muscle
b. smooth muscle
c. cardiac muscle
Answer: a. skeletal muscle
Page 3
, Question 15: An isometric contraction is described as Select one:
a. action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs.
b. a muscle produces constant tension during contraction.
c. a muscle produces an increasing tension as the length remains constant.
d. a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens.
e. a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing
Answer: c. a muscle produces an increasing tension as the length
remains constant.
Question 16: Which of the following causes an unequal ion concentration across the resting plasma
membrane? Select one:
a. the functioning of the sodium-chloride pump
b. negatively charged proteins do not readily diffuse across the plasma membrane
c. the attraction of chloride ions to other intracellular anions
d. the repulsion of potassium ions by the intracellular anions
e. the attraction of sodium ions to chloride ions
Answer: b. negatively charged proteins do not readily diffuse across
the plasma membrane
Question 17: A stimulus either causes an action potential or it doesn't. This is called Select one:
a. an all-or-none response.
b. a graded response.
c. a latent period response.
d. a relative refractory response.
e. an arbitrary response
Answer: a. an all-or-none response.
Question 18: Body temperature Select one:
a. is raised by sweating.
b. results from the heat produced when muscles contract.
c. will increase after blood vessels in the skin constrict.
d. is lowered by shivering.
e. decreases when the rate of the chemical reactions increase
Answer: b. results from the heat produced when muscles contract.
Page 4
Physiology Study Guide Questions with Correct Answers (Grade
A+)
Question 1: After contraction has occurred, the calcium is Select one:
a. destroyed by cholinesterase.
b. chemically bound to the cross bridges.
c. secreted by the Golgi apparatus to the outside of the cell.
d. released from troponin.
e. returned to the sarcolemma
Answer: d. released from troponin.
Question 2: Increased strength of a trained muscle is due to Select one:
a. an increased number of muscle fibers.
b. the nervous system's ability to recruit a large number of motor units simultaneously.
c. elimination of unnecessary enzymes and metabolic pathways.
d. elimination of all fat deposits.
e. elimination of unnecessary connective tissue
Answer: b. the nervous system's ability to recruit a large number of
motor units simultaneously.
Question 3: Skeletal muscle fibers Select one:
a. possess striations.
b. can contract but are not extensible or excitable.
c. do not require nerve innervation to contract.
d. increase dramatically in number after birth.
e. are found in the walls of the stomach
Answer: a. possess striations.
Question 4: Which of the following correctly describes myoglobin's special function in muscle tissue?
Select one:
a. breaks down glycogen
b. synthesizes ATP
c. acts as a reservoir for oxygen
d. produces action potentials
e. stores glucose
Answer: c. acts as a reservoir for oxygen
Page 1
,Question 5: The outside of the resting plasma membrane is __________ relative to the inside of the
resting plasma membrane. Select one:
a. positively charged
b. negatively charged
c. electrically neutral
d. recharged
e. None of these choices is correct
Answer: a. positively charged
Question 6: Fascia Select one:
a. surrounds individual muscles.
b. separates muscle fibers.
c. connects muscles to bone.
d. is a type of muscle tissue.
e. is a type of nerve tissue
Answer: a. surrounds individual muscles.
Question 7: When repolarization of the cell membrane is complete, the Select one:
a. cell dies.
b. cell regenerates.
c. cell no longer has a potential difference across its membrane.
d. cell is no longer responsive.
e. original polarity of the cell is restored
Answer: e. original polarity of the cell is restored.
Question 8: Which of the following actions is caused by contraction of skeletal muscle? Select one:
a. contraction of the heart
b. moving your feet in walking
c. movement of food through the digestive tract
d. emptying of the urinary bladder
e. vasoconstriction
Answer: b. moving your feet in walking
Question 9: What is smooth muscle tone? Select one:
a. can rapidly develop action potentials
b. shallow invaginations of cell membrane
c. relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time
d. intracellular cytoskeleton
e. enzyme that removes phosphate from myosin
Answer: c. relatively constant tension maintained for a period of
time
Page 2
,Question 10: The sites where a chemical substance is transmitted from the presynaptic terminal of an
axon to the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber are called Select one:
a. neuromuscular junctions.
b. sarcomeres.
c. myofilaments.
d. Z disks.
e. cell body of neuron
Answer: a. neuromuscular junctions.
Question 11: List the following structures in order from smallest to largest. (1) muscle fiber (2)
myofilament (3) myofibril (4) muscle fasciculus Select one:
a. 4, 2, 3, 1
b. 2, 1, 4, 3
c. 3, 1, 4, 2
d. 2, 3, 1, 4
e. 1, 2, 3, 4
Answer: d. 2, 3, 1, 4
Question 12: Which of the following is NOT true of muscular atrophy? Select one:
a. It is irreversible.
b. It can be caused by disuse.
c. It can be caused by denervation.
d. Transcutaneous stimulation can help prevent it.
e. Muscle fibers are replaced by connective tissue
Answer: a. It is irreversible.
Question 13: Myosin phosphatase Select one:
a. activates myosin kinase.
b. forms the cross-bridge.
c. removes phosphate from myosin.
d. binds to calcium-calmodulin complex.
e. opens calcium channels
Answer: c. removes phosphate from myosin.
Question 14: Which type of muscle tissue would cause flexion and extension of the arm? Select one:
a. skeletal muscle
b. smooth muscle
c. cardiac muscle
Answer: a. skeletal muscle
Page 3
, Question 15: An isometric contraction is described as Select one:
a. action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs.
b. a muscle produces constant tension during contraction.
c. a muscle produces an increasing tension as the length remains constant.
d. a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens.
e. a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing
Answer: c. a muscle produces an increasing tension as the length
remains constant.
Question 16: Which of the following causes an unequal ion concentration across the resting plasma
membrane? Select one:
a. the functioning of the sodium-chloride pump
b. negatively charged proteins do not readily diffuse across the plasma membrane
c. the attraction of chloride ions to other intracellular anions
d. the repulsion of potassium ions by the intracellular anions
e. the attraction of sodium ions to chloride ions
Answer: b. negatively charged proteins do not readily diffuse across
the plasma membrane
Question 17: A stimulus either causes an action potential or it doesn't. This is called Select one:
a. an all-or-none response.
b. a graded response.
c. a latent period response.
d. a relative refractory response.
e. an arbitrary response
Answer: a. an all-or-none response.
Question 18: Body temperature Select one:
a. is raised by sweating.
b. results from the heat produced when muscles contract.
c. will increase after blood vessels in the skin constrict.
d. is lowered by shivering.
e. decreases when the rate of the chemical reactions increase
Answer: b. results from the heat produced when muscles contract.
Page 4
