CLAUSES
Clause Essential Adjective Clause – needed in
the sentence to make sense
Group of words that contain both subject and a
Nonessential Adjective Clause –
verb
sentence still makes sense without it;
Not always considered as a full grammatical
separated by a comma
sentence
o Those patients whose names are on
Either independent or dependent
the list will go to quarantining
flattening. – ESSENTIAL
Independent Clause
o Chocolate, which many people
Known as main clause
adore, is fattening. –
Grammatically correct
NONESSENTIAL
Can join with another
Noun Clause
independent/dependent clause to form a
Acts as a noun
complex sentence
Begins with words such as how, that,
o The Philippine is an example of an
what, whatever, when, where, whether,
archipelago.
whichever, who, whoever, whom,
o Because of COVID-19 pandemic, half of
whomever, why
the world’s workers are facing job loss.
Can act as a subject, direct/indirect
Dependent Clause
object, object of the preposition,
Also known as subordinate clause
predicate nominatives
Cannot stand alone
o You must choose which flavor of ice
o If schools remain closed, what will
cream you want. – DIRECT OBJECT
happen to the students?
Elliptical Clause
o Many Filipinos became more health
Type of dependent clause with missing
conscious since the outbreak of the
words
pandemic.
Often has missing verb (phrase)
Adverbial Clause
o He likes hiking more than I.
Used to change/qualify the meaning of
o He likes hiking more than I (like
an adjective, verb, clause, or another
hiking).
adverb
Have a subordinating conjunction
When placed at the beginning or in the
Ways to Connect Clauses
middle, a comma is needed to separate
Commas
it from the main clause
Colons/semicolons
o After this pandemic, people will
Conjunctions
value more the essential things and
the important people in their lives.
Adjective Clause
Known as relative clause
Describes a noun/pronoun
Starts with who, which, where, what
when, whose, whom, whoever, who,
that
When adjective clauses add information
rather than clarifying the writer’s intent
(normal purpose), it needs to be set off
with a comma
Clause Essential Adjective Clause – needed in
the sentence to make sense
Group of words that contain both subject and a
Nonessential Adjective Clause –
verb
sentence still makes sense without it;
Not always considered as a full grammatical
separated by a comma
sentence
o Those patients whose names are on
Either independent or dependent
the list will go to quarantining
flattening. – ESSENTIAL
Independent Clause
o Chocolate, which many people
Known as main clause
adore, is fattening. –
Grammatically correct
NONESSENTIAL
Can join with another
Noun Clause
independent/dependent clause to form a
Acts as a noun
complex sentence
Begins with words such as how, that,
o The Philippine is an example of an
what, whatever, when, where, whether,
archipelago.
whichever, who, whoever, whom,
o Because of COVID-19 pandemic, half of
whomever, why
the world’s workers are facing job loss.
Can act as a subject, direct/indirect
Dependent Clause
object, object of the preposition,
Also known as subordinate clause
predicate nominatives
Cannot stand alone
o You must choose which flavor of ice
o If schools remain closed, what will
cream you want. – DIRECT OBJECT
happen to the students?
Elliptical Clause
o Many Filipinos became more health
Type of dependent clause with missing
conscious since the outbreak of the
words
pandemic.
Often has missing verb (phrase)
Adverbial Clause
o He likes hiking more than I.
Used to change/qualify the meaning of
o He likes hiking more than I (like
an adjective, verb, clause, or another
hiking).
adverb
Have a subordinating conjunction
When placed at the beginning or in the
Ways to Connect Clauses
middle, a comma is needed to separate
Commas
it from the main clause
Colons/semicolons
o After this pandemic, people will
Conjunctions
value more the essential things and
the important people in their lives.
Adjective Clause
Known as relative clause
Describes a noun/pronoun
Starts with who, which, where, what
when, whose, whom, whoever, who,
that
When adjective clauses add information
rather than clarifying the writer’s intent
(normal purpose), it needs to be set off
with a comma
