NU 136/ NU136 EXAM 1 – FUNDAMENTALS OF
NURSING GUIDE – COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL-DETAILED
ANSWERS | DETAILED EXPLANATIONS AND
RATIONALES | COMPLETE EXAM PREPARATION
STUDY GUIDE | PRACTICE QUESTIONS |
LATEST EXAM UPDATE
* *
CORE DOMAINS
1. FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING AND PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
2. HEALTH, ILLNESS, AND HEALTH PROMOTION
3. NURSING PROCESS AND CLINICAL JUDGMENT
4. COMMUNICATION, CULTURE, AND PATIENT-CENTERED CARE
5. INFECTION PREVENTION AND ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
6. SAFETY, BODY MECHANICS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
7. VITAL SIGNS, ASSESSMENT, AND BASIC PHYSICAL CARE
8. NUTRITION, HYDRATION, ELIMINATION, AND COMFORT
9. ETHICS, LEGAL RESPONSIBILITIES, AND DOCUMENTATION
10. BASIC THERAPEUTIC AND CLINICAL NURSING INTERVENTIONS
INTRODUCTION
This comprehensive assessment is designed to strengthen foundational knowledge and
clinical reasoning for NU 136 Fundamentals of Nursing. The questions evaluate essential
nursing concepts, patient safety, infection prevention, assessment, communication, the
nursing process, health promotion, basic care, ethical practice, and clinical decision-making.
Multiple-choice questions are used to help learners distinguish closely related concepts,
apply principles to patient situations, and select appropriate nursing actions. Understanding
the rationale behind each answer is emphasized because safe nursing practice depends on
more than memorizing isolated facts. The assessment therefore combines foundational
knowledge with practical application and examination-style reasoning.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
Question 1. Which statement best describes the primary purpose of the nursing process?
,A. To provide a standardized list of medical diagnoses
B. To organize individualized nursing care using systematic clinical reasoning
C. To replace the need for communication among healthcare professionals
D. To ensure that every patient receives identical interventions
Correct Answer: B. To organize individualized nursing care using systematic clinical reasoning
Explanation: The nursing process provides a systematic framework for individualized care. It
involves assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation and allows nurses
to use clinical judgment to respond to patient needs.
Question 2. A nurse collects a patient's temperature, blood pressure, pain rating, and
description of nausea. Which nursing-process phase is being performed?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: A. Assessment
Explanation: Assessment involves systematic collection of subjective and objective
information. The patient's description of nausea is subjective data, while temperature and
blood pressure are objective data.
Question 3. Which finding is an example of subjective data?
A. Respiratory rate of 24/min
B. Oxygen saturation of 91%
C. Patient reports feeling short of breath
D. Skin temperature of 38.2°C
Correct Answer: C. Patient reports feeling short of breath
Explanation: Subjective data are symptoms or experiences reported by the patient.
Respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and temperature are measurable objective findings.
Question 4. Which statement correctly describes a nursing diagnosis?
A. It identifies the patient's medical disease.
B. It describes a patient's response to an actual or potential health problem.
C. It specifies the medication prescribed by the provider.
D. It determines the patient's insurance classification.
Correct Answer: B. It describes a patient's response to an actual or potential health problem.
, Explanation: A nursing diagnosis represents a clinical judgment about a patient's response to
health conditions or life processes. It differs from a medical diagnosis, which identifies a
disease or pathology.
Question 5. Which goal is written in the most measurable form?
A. Patient will understand wound care.
B. Patient will improve mobility.
C. Patient will ambulate 50 feet with a walker by the end of the shift.
D. Nurse will encourage the patient to walk.
Correct Answer: C. Patient will ambulate 50 feet with a walker by the end of the shift.
Explanation: An effective goal identifies an observable behavior and includes measurable
criteria and a time frame. "Understand" and "improve" are difficult to measure objectively.
Question 6. During evaluation, the nurse determines that a patient has not met the expected
outcome. What should the nurse do next?
A. Automatically discontinue the plan of care
B. Ignore the finding because the goal was already established
C. Reassess the patient and determine whether the plan requires modification
D. Document that the patient failed treatment
Correct Answer: C. Reassess the patient and determine whether the plan requires
modification
Explanation: Evaluation determines whether outcomes were achieved. When outcomes are
not met, the nurse reassesses the patient and analyzes whether additional or modified
interventions are necessary.
Question 7. Which action best demonstrates implementation of the nursing process?
A. Identifying impaired mobility
B. Collecting a patient's pain history
C. Administering a prescribed intervention and assisting with ambulation
D. Determining whether the patient's pain goal was achieved
Correct Answer: C. Administering a prescribed intervention and assisting with ambulation
Explanation: Implementation is the action phase of the nursing process. It includes carrying
out appropriate nursing interventions and prescribed treatments.
Question 8. Which patient statement demonstrates health literacy?
A. "I take this medicine whenever I feel sick."
B. "I understand the instructions and can explain when and how I should take this
medication."
NURSING GUIDE – COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL-DETAILED
ANSWERS | DETAILED EXPLANATIONS AND
RATIONALES | COMPLETE EXAM PREPARATION
STUDY GUIDE | PRACTICE QUESTIONS |
LATEST EXAM UPDATE
* *
CORE DOMAINS
1. FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING AND PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
2. HEALTH, ILLNESS, AND HEALTH PROMOTION
3. NURSING PROCESS AND CLINICAL JUDGMENT
4. COMMUNICATION, CULTURE, AND PATIENT-CENTERED CARE
5. INFECTION PREVENTION AND ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
6. SAFETY, BODY MECHANICS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
7. VITAL SIGNS, ASSESSMENT, AND BASIC PHYSICAL CARE
8. NUTRITION, HYDRATION, ELIMINATION, AND COMFORT
9. ETHICS, LEGAL RESPONSIBILITIES, AND DOCUMENTATION
10. BASIC THERAPEUTIC AND CLINICAL NURSING INTERVENTIONS
INTRODUCTION
This comprehensive assessment is designed to strengthen foundational knowledge and
clinical reasoning for NU 136 Fundamentals of Nursing. The questions evaluate essential
nursing concepts, patient safety, infection prevention, assessment, communication, the
nursing process, health promotion, basic care, ethical practice, and clinical decision-making.
Multiple-choice questions are used to help learners distinguish closely related concepts,
apply principles to patient situations, and select appropriate nursing actions. Understanding
the rationale behind each answer is emphasized because safe nursing practice depends on
more than memorizing isolated facts. The assessment therefore combines foundational
knowledge with practical application and examination-style reasoning.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
Question 1. Which statement best describes the primary purpose of the nursing process?
,A. To provide a standardized list of medical diagnoses
B. To organize individualized nursing care using systematic clinical reasoning
C. To replace the need for communication among healthcare professionals
D. To ensure that every patient receives identical interventions
Correct Answer: B. To organize individualized nursing care using systematic clinical reasoning
Explanation: The nursing process provides a systematic framework for individualized care. It
involves assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation and allows nurses
to use clinical judgment to respond to patient needs.
Question 2. A nurse collects a patient's temperature, blood pressure, pain rating, and
description of nausea. Which nursing-process phase is being performed?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: A. Assessment
Explanation: Assessment involves systematic collection of subjective and objective
information. The patient's description of nausea is subjective data, while temperature and
blood pressure are objective data.
Question 3. Which finding is an example of subjective data?
A. Respiratory rate of 24/min
B. Oxygen saturation of 91%
C. Patient reports feeling short of breath
D. Skin temperature of 38.2°C
Correct Answer: C. Patient reports feeling short of breath
Explanation: Subjective data are symptoms or experiences reported by the patient.
Respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and temperature are measurable objective findings.
Question 4. Which statement correctly describes a nursing diagnosis?
A. It identifies the patient's medical disease.
B. It describes a patient's response to an actual or potential health problem.
C. It specifies the medication prescribed by the provider.
D. It determines the patient's insurance classification.
Correct Answer: B. It describes a patient's response to an actual or potential health problem.
, Explanation: A nursing diagnosis represents a clinical judgment about a patient's response to
health conditions or life processes. It differs from a medical diagnosis, which identifies a
disease or pathology.
Question 5. Which goal is written in the most measurable form?
A. Patient will understand wound care.
B. Patient will improve mobility.
C. Patient will ambulate 50 feet with a walker by the end of the shift.
D. Nurse will encourage the patient to walk.
Correct Answer: C. Patient will ambulate 50 feet with a walker by the end of the shift.
Explanation: An effective goal identifies an observable behavior and includes measurable
criteria and a time frame. "Understand" and "improve" are difficult to measure objectively.
Question 6. During evaluation, the nurse determines that a patient has not met the expected
outcome. What should the nurse do next?
A. Automatically discontinue the plan of care
B. Ignore the finding because the goal was already established
C. Reassess the patient and determine whether the plan requires modification
D. Document that the patient failed treatment
Correct Answer: C. Reassess the patient and determine whether the plan requires
modification
Explanation: Evaluation determines whether outcomes were achieved. When outcomes are
not met, the nurse reassesses the patient and analyzes whether additional or modified
interventions are necessary.
Question 7. Which action best demonstrates implementation of the nursing process?
A. Identifying impaired mobility
B. Collecting a patient's pain history
C. Administering a prescribed intervention and assisting with ambulation
D. Determining whether the patient's pain goal was achieved
Correct Answer: C. Administering a prescribed intervention and assisting with ambulation
Explanation: Implementation is the action phase of the nursing process. It includes carrying
out appropriate nursing interventions and prescribed treatments.
Question 8. Which patient statement demonstrates health literacy?
A. "I take this medicine whenever I feel sick."
B. "I understand the instructions and can explain when and how I should take this
medication."
