Pharmacology Exam 1 Updated Actual Questions and Correct Answers ()

Pharmacology Exam 1 Updated Actual Questions and Correct
Answers (2026-2027)

Question 1.
pharmacokinetics

Correct Answer: relationship between drug dosage and concentration in plasma
over time, determines onset, duration, and intensity of drug


Question 2.
pharmacodynamics

Correct Answer: relationship between drug concentration over time and
therapeutic response


Question 3.
chemical specificity for receptors

Correct Answer: specificity between receptors and bonds, EX strict structural
requirements for binding


Question 4.
receptor saturability

Correct Answer: only a finite number of receptors that can be occupied


Question 5.
receptor affinity

Correct Answer: measure of attraction between drug and receptor


Question 6.
drug potency

Correct Answer: dose required to have certain effect, related to affinity of
receptor


Question 7.
ED50

Correct Answer: dose which produces 50% of maximum effect, used to compare
drugs in terms of potency

,Question 8.
drug efficacy

Correct Answer: maximal effect achievable for a drug, related to number of
receptor/complexes formed, intrinsic activity of drug in activating receptor


Question 9.
full agonist

Correct Answer: affinity to, and full activator, of receptor (high intrinsic
activity/efficacy), increases activity above basal level of receptor where
receptor has a constitutive (intrinsic basal) level of activity in the absence of a
ligand


Question 10.
inverse agonist

Correct Answer: affinity to, and full activator of receptor (high intrinsic
activity/efficacy), but has exact opposite effect of full agonist (metoprolol),
decreases activity below basal level of receptor where receptor has a
constitutive (intrinsic basal) level of activity in the absence of a ligand


Question 11.
partial agonist

Correct Answer: affinity to receptor but only partially activates a receptor,
produces less than the ceiling effect of a full agonist


Question 12.
pure antagonist

Correct Answer: affinity to receptor but produces no activation, dose curve is a
straight line across the bottom of an XY graph (EX oraverse vasodilates,
overcoming the vasocontriction of the LA)


Question 13.
neutral antgonist

Correct Answer: has no activity in the absence of an agonist or inverse agonist
but can block either's activity

, Question 14.
competitive antagonist

Correct Answer: lacks efficacy, competes with agonists for binding sites,
inhibitory effect can be overcome by increasing concentration of competing
agonist


Question 15.
every drug produces a variety of effects, we hope we can get separation from things we
want and adverse side effects, this is different for every patient



Question 16.
know the second slide on page 10 of principles of drugs

Correct Answer: which drugs is most potent, least potenet, most efficient and
least efficient


Question 17.
physiological antagonism

Correct Answer: stimulates competing/opposite physiological responses which
counteract the effects of a therapeutic drug, the inhibitory effect can *NOT* be
overcome by increasing the agonist dosage (EX epi is used during anaphylaxis
to produce physiological responses instead of an antihistamine which is only a
competing antagonist)


Question 18.
exam will ask you to explain interactions between drugs in reference to physiological
antagonism that were explained in lectures



Question 19.
therapeutic index

Correct Answer: the difference between a dose that produces a therapeutic
effect and a dose that produces a lethal toxicity, this has to do with a population


Question 20.
which drug is a safer drug? a drug with a therapeutic index of 2 or therapeutic index of 10

Correct Answer: the therapeutic index of 10 is safer, there is a larger range of
dosages we can give without toxicity