NSG 300 Final Exam V2 | NSG 300 Foundations of
Nursing | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NSG300 Final
Exam) | Grand Canyon University
1. Which step of the nursing process involves the systematic collection and verification of
data regarding a patient’s health status?
A. Diagnosis
B. Implementation
C. Planning
D. Assessment
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Assessment is the foundational step of the nursing process where data is
gathered. This includes performing physical examinations, interviewing the patient, and
reviewing laboratory results. It provides the necessary evidence to formulate nursing
diagnoses and a subsequent care plan.
2. A nurse is preparing to measure a patient’s blood pressure. Which factor would most likely
result in a falsely high reading?
A. Using a cuff that is too wide
B. Deflating the cuff too quickly
C. Positioning the arm above the level of the heart
,D. Using a cuff that is too narrow
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If a blood pressure cuff is too narrow or small for the patient’s arm, the
pressure required to occlude the artery is exaggerated. This leads to an inaccurately
elevated measurement of systolic and diastolic pressure. Proper cuff sizing is critical for
clinical accuracy in vital sign monitoring.
3. A nurse is implementing fall precautions for an older adult client in an acute care setting.
Which interventions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)
A. Keep the bed in the lowest possible position.
B. Ensure the call light is within the patient’s reach.
C. Place all four side rails in the upright position.
D. Provide non-skid footwear for the patient.
E. Clear the floor of clutter and electrical cords.
F. Maintain a brightly lit environment at all times including sleep.
Correct Answer: A, B, D, E
Explanation: Keeping the bed low, providing non-skid socks, and ensuring the call light is
reachable are standard safety protocols to prevent falls. Removing clutter minimizes
tripping hazards in the patient’s immediate environment. Raising all four side rails is
,generally considered a restraint and requires a specific order, while constant bright light
disrupts the sleep-wake cycle.
4. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding when they respect a patient’s right to refuse
a recommended medical treatment?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Justice
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own decisions
regarding their healthcare. The nurse’s role is to ensure the patient is informed and to
support the choice they make, even if it contradicts the medical team’s advice. This
principle recognizes the self-determination and dignity of the individual.
5. When removing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) after caring for a patient on isolation,
which item should the nurse typically remove first?
A. Gloves
B. Gown
C. Goggles
D. Mask
, Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Gloves are considered the most contaminated piece of PPE and should be
removed first to prevent the spread of pathogens to other equipment or the nurse’s skin.
Following glove removal, the nurse should remove goggles or a face shield, then the gown,
and finally the mask or respirator. Hand hygiene must be performed immediately after
removing all PPE.
6. A patient tells the nurse, ‘I am really worried about my surgery tomorrow.’ The nurse
responds by sitting down and saying, ‘Tell me more about what is worrying you.’ This is an
example of which communication technique?
A. Providing false reassurance
B. Giving advice
C. Using open-ended questions
D. Summarizing
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Open-ended questions encourage the patient to express their feelings and
provide more detail about their concerns. This therapeutic technique shows the nurse is
listening and interested in the patient’s perspective. It avoids ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answers, which
can shut down communication.
7. Which of the following is considered objective data?
A. The patient reports feeling nauseated.
Nursing | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NSG300 Final
Exam) | Grand Canyon University
1. Which step of the nursing process involves the systematic collection and verification of
data regarding a patient’s health status?
A. Diagnosis
B. Implementation
C. Planning
D. Assessment
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Assessment is the foundational step of the nursing process where data is
gathered. This includes performing physical examinations, interviewing the patient, and
reviewing laboratory results. It provides the necessary evidence to formulate nursing
diagnoses and a subsequent care plan.
2. A nurse is preparing to measure a patient’s blood pressure. Which factor would most likely
result in a falsely high reading?
A. Using a cuff that is too wide
B. Deflating the cuff too quickly
C. Positioning the arm above the level of the heart
,D. Using a cuff that is too narrow
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If a blood pressure cuff is too narrow or small for the patient’s arm, the
pressure required to occlude the artery is exaggerated. This leads to an inaccurately
elevated measurement of systolic and diastolic pressure. Proper cuff sizing is critical for
clinical accuracy in vital sign monitoring.
3. A nurse is implementing fall precautions for an older adult client in an acute care setting.
Which interventions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)
A. Keep the bed in the lowest possible position.
B. Ensure the call light is within the patient’s reach.
C. Place all four side rails in the upright position.
D. Provide non-skid footwear for the patient.
E. Clear the floor of clutter and electrical cords.
F. Maintain a brightly lit environment at all times including sleep.
Correct Answer: A, B, D, E
Explanation: Keeping the bed low, providing non-skid socks, and ensuring the call light is
reachable are standard safety protocols to prevent falls. Removing clutter minimizes
tripping hazards in the patient’s immediate environment. Raising all four side rails is
,generally considered a restraint and requires a specific order, while constant bright light
disrupts the sleep-wake cycle.
4. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding when they respect a patient’s right to refuse
a recommended medical treatment?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Justice
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own decisions
regarding their healthcare. The nurse’s role is to ensure the patient is informed and to
support the choice they make, even if it contradicts the medical team’s advice. This
principle recognizes the self-determination and dignity of the individual.
5. When removing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) after caring for a patient on isolation,
which item should the nurse typically remove first?
A. Gloves
B. Gown
C. Goggles
D. Mask
, Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Gloves are considered the most contaminated piece of PPE and should be
removed first to prevent the spread of pathogens to other equipment or the nurse’s skin.
Following glove removal, the nurse should remove goggles or a face shield, then the gown,
and finally the mask or respirator. Hand hygiene must be performed immediately after
removing all PPE.
6. A patient tells the nurse, ‘I am really worried about my surgery tomorrow.’ The nurse
responds by sitting down and saying, ‘Tell me more about what is worrying you.’ This is an
example of which communication technique?
A. Providing false reassurance
B. Giving advice
C. Using open-ended questions
D. Summarizing
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Open-ended questions encourage the patient to express their feelings and
provide more detail about their concerns. This therapeutic technique shows the nurse is
listening and interested in the patient’s perspective. It avoids ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answers, which
can shut down communication.
7. Which of the following is considered objective data?
A. The patient reports feeling nauseated.
