NSG 300 Exam 1 V3 | NSG 300 Foundations of
Nursing | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NSG300
Exam 1) | Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a scheduled blood transfusion based on religious
beliefs. The nurse supports this decision even though it may result in a decline in the patient’s
condition. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the patient to make their own decisions
regarding their health care. By respecting the patient’s refusal of the blood transfusion, the
nurse is honoring the patient’s self-determination. This principle remains central to
nursing ethics even when the patient’s choice conflicts with medical advice.
2. Which step of the nursing process involves the systematic collection and verification of
data about a patient’s health status?
A. Planning
B. Implementation
,C. Assessment
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and serves as the
foundation for the remaining steps. It involves gathering subjective and objective data
through interviews, physical exams, and chart reviews. Proper assessment allows the nurse
to identify patient needs and potential health problems.
3. A nurse is conducting a fall risk assessment for an older adult client. Which of the following
factors increase the client’s risk for falls? (Select all that apply)
A. History of a fall within the last 3 months
B. Age over 65 years
C. Use of an assistive device like a cane or walker
D. Intravenous (IV) therapy or heparin lock
E. Gait or transferring limitations
F. Regular exercise regimen
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Explanation: Falling is a significant safety concern in the geriatric population, and a
history of recent falls is one of the strongest predictors of future falls. Environmental
factors such as IV lines and the need for assistive devices further increase instability. The
, nurse must assess all these factors using a standardized tool like the Morse Fall Scale to
implement appropriate safety precautions.
4. Florence Nightingale’s theory primarily focused on which aspect of patient care?
A. Environmental manipulation
B. Interpersonal relations
C. Self-care deficit
D. Goal attainment
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Nightingale’s Environmental Theory emphasizes that a clean, well-ventilated,
and quiet environment is essential for patient recovery. She believed that the nurse’s role is
to put the patient in the best possible condition for nature to act upon them. This theory
remains a cornerstone of modern nursing practice regarding hygiene and sanitation.
5. The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) initiative identifies several
competencies. Which competency focuses on using data to monitor the outcomes of care
processes and improve the quality and safety of health care systems?
A. Patient-Centered Care
B. Evidence-Based Practice
C. Quality Improvement
D. Informatics
Nursing | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NSG300
Exam 1) | Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a scheduled blood transfusion based on religious
beliefs. The nurse supports this decision even though it may result in a decline in the patient’s
condition. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the patient to make their own decisions
regarding their health care. By respecting the patient’s refusal of the blood transfusion, the
nurse is honoring the patient’s self-determination. This principle remains central to
nursing ethics even when the patient’s choice conflicts with medical advice.
2. Which step of the nursing process involves the systematic collection and verification of
data about a patient’s health status?
A. Planning
B. Implementation
,C. Assessment
D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and serves as the
foundation for the remaining steps. It involves gathering subjective and objective data
through interviews, physical exams, and chart reviews. Proper assessment allows the nurse
to identify patient needs and potential health problems.
3. A nurse is conducting a fall risk assessment for an older adult client. Which of the following
factors increase the client’s risk for falls? (Select all that apply)
A. History of a fall within the last 3 months
B. Age over 65 years
C. Use of an assistive device like a cane or walker
D. Intravenous (IV) therapy or heparin lock
E. Gait or transferring limitations
F. Regular exercise regimen
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Explanation: Falling is a significant safety concern in the geriatric population, and a
history of recent falls is one of the strongest predictors of future falls. Environmental
factors such as IV lines and the need for assistive devices further increase instability. The
, nurse must assess all these factors using a standardized tool like the Morse Fall Scale to
implement appropriate safety precautions.
4. Florence Nightingale’s theory primarily focused on which aspect of patient care?
A. Environmental manipulation
B. Interpersonal relations
C. Self-care deficit
D. Goal attainment
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Nightingale’s Environmental Theory emphasizes that a clean, well-ventilated,
and quiet environment is essential for patient recovery. She believed that the nurse’s role is
to put the patient in the best possible condition for nature to act upon them. This theory
remains a cornerstone of modern nursing practice regarding hygiene and sanitation.
5. The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) initiative identifies several
competencies. Which competency focuses on using data to monitor the outcomes of care
processes and improve the quality and safety of health care systems?
A. Patient-Centered Care
B. Evidence-Based Practice
C. Quality Improvement
D. Informatics
