NSG 300 Exam 1 V2 | NSG 300 Foundations of
Nursing | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NSG300
Exam 1) | Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a scheduled blood transfusion for religious
reasons. The nurse respects the patient’s decision even though they believe the transfusion is
necessary. Which ethical principle is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own decisions about
their medical care without their healthcare provider trying to influence the decision. In this
scenario, the nurse respects the patient’s right to refuse treatment, which is a core
component of autonomy. This principle ensures that the patient’s values and beliefs are
prioritized over the nurse’s personal opinions.
2. The nurse is preparing a care plan for a patient with a pressure ulcer. Which step of the
nursing process involves setting measurable and achievable short-term and long-term goals?
A. Planning
B. Diagnosis
,C. Assessment
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The planning phase of the nursing process involves prioritizing nursing
diagnoses and identifying patient-centered goals. These goals must be SMART: specific,
measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound. Planning provides a roadmap for the
implementation phase where specific nursing interventions are carried out.
3. The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) initiative identified several core
competencies for nursing students. Which of the following are considered QSEN
competencies? (Select All That Apply)
A. Patient-Centered Care
B. Teamwork and Collaboration
C. Financial Management
D. Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)
E. Quality Improvement (QI)
F. Informatics
Correct Answer: A, B, D, E, F
Explanation: QSEN competencies include Patient-Centered Care, Teamwork and
Collaboration, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality Improvement, Safety, and Informatics.
, Financial management is not a core QSEN competency, although it is important in
healthcare administration. These competencies are designed to prepare future nurses to
have the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to continuously improve the quality and
safety of the healthcare systems within which they work.
4. Which nursing theorist is best known for the ‘Environmental Theory,’ which emphasizes
the importance of a clean, well-ventilated, and quiet environment for patient recovery?
A. Dorothea Orem
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Jean Watson
D. Virginia Henderson
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory focused on the manipulation of
the physical environment to promote health and recovery. She believed that factors like
fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness, and light were essential for a patient’s
well-being. This theory laid the groundwork for modern nursing practice and infection
control measures.
5. A nurse is conducting an admission interview. Which of the following is an example of an
open-ended question?
A. Are you in pain right now?
B. Do you have any allergies to medication?
Nursing | Actual Q&A with Rationale (NSG300
Exam 1) | Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a scheduled blood transfusion for religious
reasons. The nurse respects the patient’s decision even though they believe the transfusion is
necessary. Which ethical principle is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own decisions about
their medical care without their healthcare provider trying to influence the decision. In this
scenario, the nurse respects the patient’s right to refuse treatment, which is a core
component of autonomy. This principle ensures that the patient’s values and beliefs are
prioritized over the nurse’s personal opinions.
2. The nurse is preparing a care plan for a patient with a pressure ulcer. Which step of the
nursing process involves setting measurable and achievable short-term and long-term goals?
A. Planning
B. Diagnosis
,C. Assessment
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The planning phase of the nursing process involves prioritizing nursing
diagnoses and identifying patient-centered goals. These goals must be SMART: specific,
measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound. Planning provides a roadmap for the
implementation phase where specific nursing interventions are carried out.
3. The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) initiative identified several core
competencies for nursing students. Which of the following are considered QSEN
competencies? (Select All That Apply)
A. Patient-Centered Care
B. Teamwork and Collaboration
C. Financial Management
D. Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)
E. Quality Improvement (QI)
F. Informatics
Correct Answer: A, B, D, E, F
Explanation: QSEN competencies include Patient-Centered Care, Teamwork and
Collaboration, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality Improvement, Safety, and Informatics.
, Financial management is not a core QSEN competency, although it is important in
healthcare administration. These competencies are designed to prepare future nurses to
have the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to continuously improve the quality and
safety of the healthcare systems within which they work.
4. Which nursing theorist is best known for the ‘Environmental Theory,’ which emphasizes
the importance of a clean, well-ventilated, and quiet environment for patient recovery?
A. Dorothea Orem
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Jean Watson
D. Virginia Henderson
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory focused on the manipulation of
the physical environment to promote health and recovery. She believed that factors like
fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness, and light were essential for a patient’s
well-being. This theory laid the groundwork for modern nursing practice and infection
control measures.
5. A nurse is conducting an admission interview. Which of the following is an example of an
open-ended question?
A. Are you in pain right now?
B. Do you have any allergies to medication?
