BLOOD BANK EXAM 2 EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Genotype.
Answer: An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
◉ Phenotype.
Answer: physical expression of a trait
◉ Autosomal.
Answer: Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
◉ Codominant.
Answer: equal expression of two different inherited alleles found on
autosomes (AB)
◉ Recessive.
Answer: same allele from both parents must be inherited to show
the trait (O)
masked when a dominant allele is present
◉ Null Phenotype.
,Answer: homozygosity for a silent or amorphic gene
when certain recessive alleles are inherited, there is no expression of
the expected red cell antigens
◉ Dominant.
Answer: require only one form of the allele to express the trait (A/O
and B/O)
describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that
trait.
◉ Xga Blood Group.
Answer: X-linked dominant inheritance
Found on the X chromosome
Carried on the father's X chromosome = pass it on to all daughters
but none of the sons
Carried on the mother's X chromosome = pass it on to all daughters
and sons
◉ Homozygous MN Antigen System.
Answer: Inherit either 2 M alleles or 2 N alleles and would
phenotype as M+N- or M-N+
Agglutination reactions would be strong because the M or N red cell
antigen is expressed in a "double dosage" of each antigen
, ◉ Dosage Effect.
Answer: stronger agglutination when a red cell antigen is expressed
from homozygous genes
◉ Heterozygous MN Antigen System.
Answer: Inherit both the M and N alleles and would phenotype as
M+N+
"Single dose" of each antigen expressed
Show a weaker antigenic expression or lower antigen density.
Agglutination reactions may be weaker.
◉ Linkage.
Answer: genes that are close together on a chromosome that they
are inherited as a unit
independent assortment does not occur
◉ Haplotypes.
Answer: linked set of genes inherited together because of their
proximity on a chromosome
i.e. MNS blood group system (MS, Ms, NS, Ns)
◉ Linkage Disequilibrium.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Genotype.
Answer: An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
◉ Phenotype.
Answer: physical expression of a trait
◉ Autosomal.
Answer: Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
◉ Codominant.
Answer: equal expression of two different inherited alleles found on
autosomes (AB)
◉ Recessive.
Answer: same allele from both parents must be inherited to show
the trait (O)
masked when a dominant allele is present
◉ Null Phenotype.
,Answer: homozygosity for a silent or amorphic gene
when certain recessive alleles are inherited, there is no expression of
the expected red cell antigens
◉ Dominant.
Answer: require only one form of the allele to express the trait (A/O
and B/O)
describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that
trait.
◉ Xga Blood Group.
Answer: X-linked dominant inheritance
Found on the X chromosome
Carried on the father's X chromosome = pass it on to all daughters
but none of the sons
Carried on the mother's X chromosome = pass it on to all daughters
and sons
◉ Homozygous MN Antigen System.
Answer: Inherit either 2 M alleles or 2 N alleles and would
phenotype as M+N- or M-N+
Agglutination reactions would be strong because the M or N red cell
antigen is expressed in a "double dosage" of each antigen
, ◉ Dosage Effect.
Answer: stronger agglutination when a red cell antigen is expressed
from homozygous genes
◉ Heterozygous MN Antigen System.
Answer: Inherit both the M and N alleles and would phenotype as
M+N+
"Single dose" of each antigen expressed
Show a weaker antigenic expression or lower antigen density.
Agglutination reactions may be weaker.
◉ Linkage.
Answer: genes that are close together on a chromosome that they
are inherited as a unit
independent assortment does not occur
◉ Haplotypes.
Answer: linked set of genes inherited together because of their
proximity on a chromosome
i.e. MNS blood group system (MS, Ms, NS, Ns)
◉ Linkage Disequilibrium.
