BLOOD BANK EXAM 2 ACTUAL TEST
QUESTIONS AND SOLVED ANSWERS
◉ IgM.
Answer: The Bombay phenotype is an ______ antibody that can bind
complement and cause RBC lysis (potent and reacts strongly at 37C)
◉ Neagtive.
Answer: If you are Bombay phenotype, you will test _________ with the
ulex europaeus lectin
◉ Para-Bombay phenotype.
Answer: RBCs are completely devoid of H antigen or have small
amounts on RBC. Due to mutated FUT1 gene that codes for enzyme.
Serological undetectable for routine ABO testing methods
◉ Anti-A,B.
Answer: Effective at detecting weakly expressed A and B antigens,
used in neonate testing, ABO discrepancies, and type O donor
confirmations
IgG in nature, can cross placenta
◉ Acquired B.
,Answer: Due to intestinal obstruction, colon cancer, can cause
increased permeability of intestinal wall, allowing passage of
bacterial polysaccharides from E. coli into circulation, and the
patients with type A RBCs absorb the B like polysaccharide
They forward type as a B, but reverse type as an A, even though they
are type A
◉ ABO discrepancies.
Answer: Unexpected reactions in the forward and/or reverse
grouping due to problems with serum, problems with RBCs, or both.
Reactions can be weak or missing and MUST BE RESOLVED BEFORE
TRANSFUSION
◉ Group I discrepancy.
Answer: Weakly reacting or missing antibodies on reverse type
Seen in elderly, immunodeficiencies, cold reacting antibodies
EX: forward as A, reverse as AB
◉ incubate at room temp for 15 mins to enhance reactivity of weak
antibodies,, run control and add SC I or II with pt. Plasma (fridge)
and auto control.
Answer: How to resolve group I discrepancy
◉ Group II discrepancy.
,Answer: Weakly reacting or missing antigens on forward type (A or
B subgroups or leukemia)
Unexpected positive reactions from protein/plasma abnormalities,
"acquired B" phenomenon
Consider age of pt, disease state, transfusion/transplantation history
◉ Incubate RBCs and reagent antibodies for 30mins @ room temp,,
if negative incubate @ 4C for 30 mins,, include SCI and SCII and auto
controls.
Answer: How to resolve group II discrepancy
◉ Modify pH (<6),.
Answer: If someone is suspected to have acquired B in a group II
discrepancy, what must you do?
◉ Group III discrepancy.
Answer: Unexpected EXTRA reactivity on reverse type (excess
plasma proteins cause rouleaux/pseudoagglutination)
Multiple myeloma, Wharton's jelly in cord blood
IN-VITRO problem, not in-vivo
◉ Wash RBCs with saline (gets rid of plasma proteins)
Saline replacement (remove serum and replace with equal amounts
of saline),,.
, Answer: How to resolve group III discrepancy
◉ Rouleaux.
Answer: Reactivity must go away father saline replacement in group
II discrepancy resolving to confirm true ________. If it does not go
away, it is true agglutination
◉ O.
Answer: A patient with hh genotype will express what phenotype?
◉ Anti-H.
Answer: Even in absconded of transfusion/pregnancy, individuals
with Bombay phenotype will express what naturally occurring
antibody?
◉ H and B.
Answer: If you are a group B secretor, what ABH substances will be
found in saliva?
◉ A1B.
Answer: Which of the ABO blood groups has the least amount of H?
◉ Anti-A,B.
QUESTIONS AND SOLVED ANSWERS
◉ IgM.
Answer: The Bombay phenotype is an ______ antibody that can bind
complement and cause RBC lysis (potent and reacts strongly at 37C)
◉ Neagtive.
Answer: If you are Bombay phenotype, you will test _________ with the
ulex europaeus lectin
◉ Para-Bombay phenotype.
Answer: RBCs are completely devoid of H antigen or have small
amounts on RBC. Due to mutated FUT1 gene that codes for enzyme.
Serological undetectable for routine ABO testing methods
◉ Anti-A,B.
Answer: Effective at detecting weakly expressed A and B antigens,
used in neonate testing, ABO discrepancies, and type O donor
confirmations
IgG in nature, can cross placenta
◉ Acquired B.
,Answer: Due to intestinal obstruction, colon cancer, can cause
increased permeability of intestinal wall, allowing passage of
bacterial polysaccharides from E. coli into circulation, and the
patients with type A RBCs absorb the B like polysaccharide
They forward type as a B, but reverse type as an A, even though they
are type A
◉ ABO discrepancies.
Answer: Unexpected reactions in the forward and/or reverse
grouping due to problems with serum, problems with RBCs, or both.
Reactions can be weak or missing and MUST BE RESOLVED BEFORE
TRANSFUSION
◉ Group I discrepancy.
Answer: Weakly reacting or missing antibodies on reverse type
Seen in elderly, immunodeficiencies, cold reacting antibodies
EX: forward as A, reverse as AB
◉ incubate at room temp for 15 mins to enhance reactivity of weak
antibodies,, run control and add SC I or II with pt. Plasma (fridge)
and auto control.
Answer: How to resolve group I discrepancy
◉ Group II discrepancy.
,Answer: Weakly reacting or missing antigens on forward type (A or
B subgroups or leukemia)
Unexpected positive reactions from protein/plasma abnormalities,
"acquired B" phenomenon
Consider age of pt, disease state, transfusion/transplantation history
◉ Incubate RBCs and reagent antibodies for 30mins @ room temp,,
if negative incubate @ 4C for 30 mins,, include SCI and SCII and auto
controls.
Answer: How to resolve group II discrepancy
◉ Modify pH (<6),.
Answer: If someone is suspected to have acquired B in a group II
discrepancy, what must you do?
◉ Group III discrepancy.
Answer: Unexpected EXTRA reactivity on reverse type (excess
plasma proteins cause rouleaux/pseudoagglutination)
Multiple myeloma, Wharton's jelly in cord blood
IN-VITRO problem, not in-vivo
◉ Wash RBCs with saline (gets rid of plasma proteins)
Saline replacement (remove serum and replace with equal amounts
of saline),,.
, Answer: How to resolve group III discrepancy
◉ Rouleaux.
Answer: Reactivity must go away father saline replacement in group
II discrepancy resolving to confirm true ________. If it does not go
away, it is true agglutination
◉ O.
Answer: A patient with hh genotype will express what phenotype?
◉ Anti-H.
Answer: Even in absconded of transfusion/pregnancy, individuals
with Bombay phenotype will express what naturally occurring
antibody?
◉ H and B.
Answer: If you are a group B secretor, what ABH substances will be
found in saliva?
◉ A1B.
Answer: Which of the ABO blood groups has the least amount of H?
◉ Anti-A,B.
