Advanced
Pathophysiology Chapter
1: Cellular Function |
Study Guide, Practice
Questions & Exam
Review
|Guaranteed success|
, Metaplasia Process of one adult cell being replaced by another
cell type, usually due to chronic irritation and
inflammation. Can lead to cancer if stimulus isn't
removed. ex. cigarette smokers; trachea starts off w/
normal cells. After years of smoking they're
replaced w/ diff type of cells that are non-mucous
producing cells. Leads to dry, hacky cough. If
smoking stops, they abnormal cells are replaced w/
normal healthy cells eventually.
Dysplasia Cells mutate into cells of a different size, shape, and
appearance, often an implication of precancerous
cells. Usually found in the reproductive and
respiratory tract and can often be reversed by
removing the trigger. ex. HPV virus -> dysplastic
cells on cervix.
Ischemia Decreased blood flow to a tissue or organ which
strangles the tissue by limiting oxygen and nutrients.
ex. Burn victims develop "eschar" on surface which
strangles the oxygen flow to healthy tissue, so must
be sloughed off regularly.
Necrosis Occurs when a cell is damaged (often by ischemia)
and cannot survive. They swell and burst/lyse.
Liquefaction necrosis "Walled off" liquid goo like hard candies w/ liq
inside; occurs when caustic enzymes dissolve and
liquefy necrotic cells. Most common in the brain
because the brain contains plenty of these enzymes.
Pathophysiology Chapter
1: Cellular Function |
Study Guide, Practice
Questions & Exam
Review
|Guaranteed success|
, Metaplasia Process of one adult cell being replaced by another
cell type, usually due to chronic irritation and
inflammation. Can lead to cancer if stimulus isn't
removed. ex. cigarette smokers; trachea starts off w/
normal cells. After years of smoking they're
replaced w/ diff type of cells that are non-mucous
producing cells. Leads to dry, hacky cough. If
smoking stops, they abnormal cells are replaced w/
normal healthy cells eventually.
Dysplasia Cells mutate into cells of a different size, shape, and
appearance, often an implication of precancerous
cells. Usually found in the reproductive and
respiratory tract and can often be reversed by
removing the trigger. ex. HPV virus -> dysplastic
cells on cervix.
Ischemia Decreased blood flow to a tissue or organ which
strangles the tissue by limiting oxygen and nutrients.
ex. Burn victims develop "eschar" on surface which
strangles the oxygen flow to healthy tissue, so must
be sloughed off regularly.
Necrosis Occurs when a cell is damaged (often by ischemia)
and cannot survive. They swell and burst/lyse.
Liquefaction necrosis "Walled off" liquid goo like hard candies w/ liq
inside; occurs when caustic enzymes dissolve and
liquefy necrotic cells. Most common in the brain
because the brain contains plenty of these enzymes.
