,2023-2025 NUR 105 MIDTERM REVIEW 300 QUESTIONS COMPLETE FULL
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT AND DETAILED RATIONALES
1. A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client. Which action should
the nurse take to ensure patient safety using the "right patient" verification?
A. Ask the client "Are you Mr. Johnson?"
B. Check the room number on the medication administration record
C. Use two patient identifiers: name and date of birth, comparing to MAR and ID
band
D. Verify the patient's identity with the roommate
Correct Answer: C. Use two patient identifiers: name and date of birth,
comparing to MAR and ID band
Expert Rationale: The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals require
using at least TWO patient identifiers (NOT room number) when administering
medications, treatments, or procedures. Acceptable identifiers include: patient
name, date of birth, medical record number. NEVER use room number. The nurse
should compare the MAR to the patient's ID band and ask the patient to state (not
confirm) their name and DOB.
Explanation of Incorrect Options:
• A. Ask the client "Are you Mr. Johnson?" This is a YES/NO question that
allows the patient to simply agree. The patient should STATE their name,
not confirm it. Confused patients may agree incorrectly.
• B. Check the room number on the medication administration record:
Room numbers are NEVER acceptable patient identifiers. Patients can be
moved, room numbers can change, wrong patient could be in the bed.
• D. Verify the patient's identity with the roommate: Roommates are not
reliable sources for patient identification. They may be confused, hard of
hearing, or not know the patient's correct identity.
,Test-Taking Tip: Patient Safety: Two identifiers ALWAYS (name + DOB or medical
record number). NEVER room number. Patient must STATE name (not confirm).
Scan barcode if available. Check ID band against MAR. Time out before
procedures.
DIF: Application
REF: NUR 105: Patient Safety and Identification
OBJ: Patient identification standards
TOP: Fundamentals/Patient Safety
2. A nurse is performing hand hygiene. Which action indicates the nurse
understands proper handwashing technique?
A. Wash hands for at least 10 seconds with soap and water
B. Use hot water to kill more bacteria
C. Keep hands lower than elbows during washing
D. Turn off faucet with bare hands after washing
Correct Answer: C. Keep hands lower than elbows during washing
Expert Rationale: During handwashing, hands should be kept LOWER than elbows
so water flows from cleanest area (hands) to less clean (elbows), preventing
contaminated water from running up the arms. This uses gravity to keep
contaminants flowing away from the body.
Explanation of Incorrect Options:
• A. Wash hands for at least 10 seconds with soap and water: This is
insufficient. CDC recommends washing for at least 20 seconds (sing "Happy
Birthday" twice). Alcohol-based hand rub should be rubbed for 15-20
seconds until dry.
• B. Use hot water to kill more bacteria: Water temperature doesn't
significantly affect microbial removal. Warm water is more comfortable and
prevents skin damage. Hot water can damage skin and increase dermatitis
risk.
, • D. Turn off faucet with bare hands after washing: This recontaminates
clean hands. Use paper towel to turn off faucet, or use foot/hand-free
controls. Some facilities teach turning on with paper towel, washing, then
turning off with same towel.
Test-Taking Tip: Hand hygiene: Soap/water = 20 seconds minimum, warm water,
hands below elbows, use paper towel to turn off faucet. Alcohol rub = 15-20
seconds until completely dry. Wash when visibly soiled, after C. diff, after
bathroom use. Alcohol rub OK for most other situations.
DIF: Application
REF: NUR 105: Infection Control
OBJ: Proper handwashing technique
TOP: Infection Control/Hand Hygiene
3. A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection. Which
precaution should the nurse implement?
A. Wear N95 respirator mask
B. Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer
C. Wash hands with soap and water
D. Place client in negative pressure room
Correct Answer: C. Wash hands with soap and water
Expert Rationale: C. diff produces spores that are NOT killed by alcohol-based
hand sanitizers. Soap and water physically removes the spores from hands
through friction and rinsing. This is one of the few situations where soap and
water is REQUIRED over alcohol rub.
Explanation of Incorrect Options:
• A. Wear N95 respirator mask: N95 is for airborne precautions (TB, measles,
varicella). C. diff requires CONTACT precautions (gown and gloves), not
airborne.
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT AND DETAILED RATIONALES
1. A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client. Which action should
the nurse take to ensure patient safety using the "right patient" verification?
A. Ask the client "Are you Mr. Johnson?"
B. Check the room number on the medication administration record
C. Use two patient identifiers: name and date of birth, comparing to MAR and ID
band
D. Verify the patient's identity with the roommate
Correct Answer: C. Use two patient identifiers: name and date of birth,
comparing to MAR and ID band
Expert Rationale: The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals require
using at least TWO patient identifiers (NOT room number) when administering
medications, treatments, or procedures. Acceptable identifiers include: patient
name, date of birth, medical record number. NEVER use room number. The nurse
should compare the MAR to the patient's ID band and ask the patient to state (not
confirm) their name and DOB.
Explanation of Incorrect Options:
• A. Ask the client "Are you Mr. Johnson?" This is a YES/NO question that
allows the patient to simply agree. The patient should STATE their name,
not confirm it. Confused patients may agree incorrectly.
• B. Check the room number on the medication administration record:
Room numbers are NEVER acceptable patient identifiers. Patients can be
moved, room numbers can change, wrong patient could be in the bed.
• D. Verify the patient's identity with the roommate: Roommates are not
reliable sources for patient identification. They may be confused, hard of
hearing, or not know the patient's correct identity.
,Test-Taking Tip: Patient Safety: Two identifiers ALWAYS (name + DOB or medical
record number). NEVER room number. Patient must STATE name (not confirm).
Scan barcode if available. Check ID band against MAR. Time out before
procedures.
DIF: Application
REF: NUR 105: Patient Safety and Identification
OBJ: Patient identification standards
TOP: Fundamentals/Patient Safety
2. A nurse is performing hand hygiene. Which action indicates the nurse
understands proper handwashing technique?
A. Wash hands for at least 10 seconds with soap and water
B. Use hot water to kill more bacteria
C. Keep hands lower than elbows during washing
D. Turn off faucet with bare hands after washing
Correct Answer: C. Keep hands lower than elbows during washing
Expert Rationale: During handwashing, hands should be kept LOWER than elbows
so water flows from cleanest area (hands) to less clean (elbows), preventing
contaminated water from running up the arms. This uses gravity to keep
contaminants flowing away from the body.
Explanation of Incorrect Options:
• A. Wash hands for at least 10 seconds with soap and water: This is
insufficient. CDC recommends washing for at least 20 seconds (sing "Happy
Birthday" twice). Alcohol-based hand rub should be rubbed for 15-20
seconds until dry.
• B. Use hot water to kill more bacteria: Water temperature doesn't
significantly affect microbial removal. Warm water is more comfortable and
prevents skin damage. Hot water can damage skin and increase dermatitis
risk.
, • D. Turn off faucet with bare hands after washing: This recontaminates
clean hands. Use paper towel to turn off faucet, or use foot/hand-free
controls. Some facilities teach turning on with paper towel, washing, then
turning off with same towel.
Test-Taking Tip: Hand hygiene: Soap/water = 20 seconds minimum, warm water,
hands below elbows, use paper towel to turn off faucet. Alcohol rub = 15-20
seconds until completely dry. Wash when visibly soiled, after C. diff, after
bathroom use. Alcohol rub OK for most other situations.
DIF: Application
REF: NUR 105: Infection Control
OBJ: Proper handwashing technique
TOP: Infection Control/Hand Hygiene
3. A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection. Which
precaution should the nurse implement?
A. Wear N95 respirator mask
B. Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer
C. Wash hands with soap and water
D. Place client in negative pressure room
Correct Answer: C. Wash hands with soap and water
Expert Rationale: C. diff produces spores that are NOT killed by alcohol-based
hand sanitizers. Soap and water physically removes the spores from hands
through friction and rinsing. This is one of the few situations where soap and
water is REQUIRED over alcohol rub.
Explanation of Incorrect Options:
• A. Wear N95 respirator mask: N95 is for airborne precautions (TB, measles,
varicella). C. diff requires CONTACT precautions (gown and gloves), not
airborne.
