HTH 150 FINAL JMU UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Cohort study
Answer:
a case-defined population who have a certain exposure and/or receive a particular treatment compared with
another group not affected by the exposure
Question:
2. case-control study
Answer:
different groups are compared based on their histories, patients with condition vs non-patients
Question:
3. cross-sectional study
Answer:
either descriptive or analytical, surveys are common use for this study, observes exposure and outcome at
the same time
Question:
4. what study is followed over time?
Answer:
cohort (longitudinal studies)
Question:
5. prospective cohort
Answer:
exposure factors are identified at the beginning of a study and a defined population is followed into the
future
Question:
6. retrospective cohort
Answer:
past medical records for the defined population are used to identify exposure factors
Question:
7. disadvantages of cohort studies
Answer:
not as reliable as randomized controlled studies, require large sample size, can take long periods of time
Question:
8. A study in which colon cancer patients are asked what kinds of food they have eaten in the past and the
answers are compared with a selected control group. (what type of study is this)
, Answer:
case control
Question:
9. disadvantages of case control studies
Answer:
less reliable than randomized controlled trial or cohort studies
Question:
10. advantages of case control studies
Answer:
can be done quickly, efficient for conditions w rare outcomes
Question:
11. randomized controlled study
Answer:
There are two groups, one treatment group and one control group. Treatment group receives the treatment
under investigation, the control group receives either no treatment (placebo) or standard treatment, patients
are randomly assigned
Question:
12. which study is considered the "gold standard"
Answer:
randomized control studies because they determine effectiveness of therapies and interventions while
avoiding bias
Question:
13. experimental study
Answer:
randomly assigns a treatment and control group and then compares results
Question:
14. meta-analyses
Answer:
systematic, objective way to combine data from several studies, pooled estimate of treatment effectiveness
and statistical significance
Question:
15. advantages of meta-analyses
Answer:
increases sample size and allows for analyses that would not otherwise be possible
Question:
16. disadvantages of meta-analyses
Answer:
publication bias if no significant results, dependent on the quality of studies reviewed
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Cohort study
Answer:
a case-defined population who have a certain exposure and/or receive a particular treatment compared with
another group not affected by the exposure
Question:
2. case-control study
Answer:
different groups are compared based on their histories, patients with condition vs non-patients
Question:
3. cross-sectional study
Answer:
either descriptive or analytical, surveys are common use for this study, observes exposure and outcome at
the same time
Question:
4. what study is followed over time?
Answer:
cohort (longitudinal studies)
Question:
5. prospective cohort
Answer:
exposure factors are identified at the beginning of a study and a defined population is followed into the
future
Question:
6. retrospective cohort
Answer:
past medical records for the defined population are used to identify exposure factors
Question:
7. disadvantages of cohort studies
Answer:
not as reliable as randomized controlled studies, require large sample size, can take long periods of time
Question:
8. A study in which colon cancer patients are asked what kinds of food they have eaten in the past and the
answers are compared with a selected control group. (what type of study is this)
, Answer:
case control
Question:
9. disadvantages of case control studies
Answer:
less reliable than randomized controlled trial or cohort studies
Question:
10. advantages of case control studies
Answer:
can be done quickly, efficient for conditions w rare outcomes
Question:
11. randomized controlled study
Answer:
There are two groups, one treatment group and one control group. Treatment group receives the treatment
under investigation, the control group receives either no treatment (placebo) or standard treatment, patients
are randomly assigned
Question:
12. which study is considered the "gold standard"
Answer:
randomized control studies because they determine effectiveness of therapies and interventions while
avoiding bias
Question:
13. experimental study
Answer:
randomly assigns a treatment and control group and then compares results
Question:
14. meta-analyses
Answer:
systematic, objective way to combine data from several studies, pooled estimate of treatment effectiveness
and statistical significance
Question:
15. advantages of meta-analyses
Answer:
increases sample size and allows for analyses that would not otherwise be possible
Question:
16. disadvantages of meta-analyses
Answer:
publication bias if no significant results, dependent on the quality of studies reviewed
