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HESI Comprehensive Exam ACTUAL TEST BANK 300
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2025-2026 LATEST
GRADED A+
A nurse administers nitroglycerin sublingually to a client diagnosed with angina
pectoris who reports chest pain. The medication is ineffective, so the nurse
prepares to administer a second dose. Before administering the nitroglycerin,
which action does the nurse make a priority?
Checking the client's blood pressure
Obtaining blood levels of cardiac enzymes
Asking the client if experiencing headache
Obtaining a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) - CORRECT ANSWER-Checking the
client's blood pressure
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is a nitrate that dilates the coronary arteries.
One adverse effect of the medication is hypotension, and the nurse
would assess the blood pressure and apical pulse before administration
and periodically after the dose is given. Blood levels of cardiac enzymes
are obtained if prescribed, but the priority is checking the client's blood
pressure. Headache is a frequent side effect of the medication, mostly
early in therapy and usually disappearing with continued treatment. It
is not necessary to obtain a 12-lead ECG before administering a second
dose of nitroglycerin unless this is prescribed by the primary health
care provider. However, the client receiving intravenous nitroglycerin
must have continuous ECG monitoring.
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is prescribed to a client with a urinary tract infection.
The nurse provides instruction about the medication. What does the nurse tell
the client about how best to take the medication? With milk
With an antacid
2 hours after meals
With aluminum hydroxide - CORRECT ANSWER-2 hours after meals
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is an anti-infective in the
fluoroquinolone family. It may be taken without regard to meals, but the
best dosing time is 2 hours after a meal. Milk may affect absorption.
Antacids (here, aluminum hydroxide) may reduce absorption and should
be administered 2 hours apart from the ciprofloxacin hydrochloride.
A nurse provides home care instructions to a client with coronary artery disease
(CAD) who is being discharged from the hospital. Which statement by the client
indicates a need for further instruction?
,,
,
,
"I need to carry my nitroglycerin with me at all times."
"I need to check my pulse before, during, and after exercise."
"I need to avoid foods with saturated fats and foods high in cholesterol."
"I need to participate in aerobic and weightlifting exercise three times a week." -
CORRECT ANSWER-
"I need to participate in aerobic and weightlifting exercise three times a week."
Rationale: There is a need for further instruction if the client states, "I
need to participate in aerobic and weightlifting exercise three times a
week." The client should avoid activities that involve straining,
including weightlifting, push-ups and pull-ups, and straining during
bowel movements. The client with CAD should participate in a simple
exercise program on a regular basis. The client may begin a simple
walking program by walking 400 feet (122 metres) twice a day at a rate
of 1 mph (1.6 km/hr) the first week after discharge and increasing the
distance and rate as tolerated, usually weekly, until he or she can walk
2 miles (3.2 km) at 3 to 4 mph (4.8 to 6.4 km/hr). The client should
always carry nitroglycerin and must comply with dietary restrictions,
including avoiding foods with saturated fats and foods high in
cholesterol. The nurse instructs the client to take a pulse reading
before, halfway through, and after exercise.
A nurse provides information to a client who will be undergoing endoscopic
retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). What does the nurse tell the
client?
There is no need to fast (NPO status) before the procedure
The gallbladder is easily removed during this procedure if gallstones are found
The procedure is only performed to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and
duodenum
Dye may be injected during the procedure to permit visualization of the
pancreatic and biliary ducts - CORRECT ANSWER-Dye may be injected during the
procedure to permit visualization of the pancreatic and biliary ducts
Rationale: The nurse tells the client that dye may be injected to outline
the pancreatic and biliary ducts. ERCP involves the oral insertion of an
endoscope with a side-viewing tip and a cannula that can be
maneuvered into the ampulla of Vater. The procedure may be combined
with papillotomy to enlarge the sphincter and release gallstones.
However, the gallbladder itself cannot be removed during this
procedure. As with any endoscopic procedure, the client must remain
NPO for 8 hours before the test.
,,
,
,
A client who has undergone knee-replacement surgery will be self-administering
enoxaparin sodium at home. The nurse teaches the client about the medication.
What does the nurse tell the client?
Store the medication in the refrigerator
Lie down to administer the subcutaneous injection
Inject the medication in the upper outer aspect of the arm
Discard the medication if the solution appears pale yellow - CORRECT ANSWER-
Lie down to administer the subcutaneous injection
Rationale: The client is instructed to lie down to administer the injection
and to introduce the entire length of the needle (½ inch [1.25 cm]) into
a skin fold held between the thumb and forefinger. Enoxaparin sodium
is an anticoagulant that is administered by way of subcutaneous
injection. It is injected into the abdominal wall. The solution, which
appears clear and colorless to pale yellow, is stored at room
temperature.
An intravenous dose of adenosine is prescribed for a client to treat Wolff-
Parkinson-White syndrome. Which piece of equipment does the nurse make a
priority of obtaining before administering the medication?
Pulse oximeter
Cardiac monitor
Blood-pressure cuff
Suction catheter and suction machine - CORRECT ANSWER-Cardiac monitor
Rationale: Obtaining a cardiac monitor is the priority. Wolff-Parkinson-
White syndrome is an abnormality of cardiac rhythm that is manifested
as supraventricular tachycardia. Adenosine is an antidysrhythmic
medication used to treat this dysrhythmia. It is administered
intravenously. A pulse oximeter and blood pressure cuff will each
provide information about the client's cardiovascular status, but neither
is the priority. There is no information in the question to indicate that a
suction catheter and suction machine are necessary.
A nurse provides information about smoking-cessation measures to a client
diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD). Which statement by the client
indicates a need for further information?
"A community support group will help me quit."
"I should drink a cup (235 ml) of coffee if I feel the urge to smoke."
"Relaxation exercises will help control my urge to smoke."
,,
,
,
"I can try chewing gum or sucking on hard candy if I feel the urge to smoke." -
CORRECT ANSWER-"I should drink a cup (235 ml) of coffee if I feel the urge to
smoke."
Rationale: The nurse should reinforce education about the hazards of
smoking and provide encouragement to clients who are interested in or
willing to try smoking cessation. The client should avoid using coffee
and other caffeine-containing products, which can cause restlessness
and anxiety, increasing the urge to smoke. There are appropriate
strategies to assist in smoking cessation. Among these are community
support groups, relaxation exercises, and strategies such as chewing
gum or sucking on hard candy if the urge to smoke arises.
Captopril is prescribed for a hospitalized client with heart failure. Which action is
a priority once the nurse has administered the first dose?
Checking the client's apical heart rate
Maintaining the client on bed rest for 3 hours
Monitoring the client for increased urine output
Checking the client's breath sounds for decreased wheezing - CORRECT ANSWER-
Maintaining the client on bed rest for 3 hours
Rationale: The client is closely monitored for hypotension at the start of
therapy and is maintained on bed rest for 3 hours after the initial dose.
Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Excessive
hypotension (first-dose syncope) may occur in the client with heart
failure or in the client who is severely salt or volume depleted. Checking
the apical heart rate will provide information about the client's cardiac
status but is not an intervention specifically related to this medication.
Increased urine output and decreased wheezing are expected if the
client has received a diuretic.
A client diagnosed with heart failure suddenly experiences profound dyspnea,
pallor, audible wheezing, and cyanosis, and the nurse suspects pulmonary
edema. What should the nurse do first?
Obtain a pulse oximetry reading
Raise the head of the client's bed
Administer a dose of morphine sulfate
Obtain a specimen for an arterial blood gas determination - CORRECT ANSWER-
Raise the head of the client's bed
Rationale: The nurse would first raise the head of the client's bed and
position the client to maximize chest expansion to ease the air hunger
that the client is experiencing. Acute pulmonary edema is characterized
,
,
HESI Comprehensive Exam ACTUAL TEST BANK 300
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2025-2026 LATEST
GRADED A+
A nurse administers nitroglycerin sublingually to a client diagnosed with angina
pectoris who reports chest pain. The medication is ineffective, so the nurse
prepares to administer a second dose. Before administering the nitroglycerin,
which action does the nurse make a priority?
Checking the client's blood pressure
Obtaining blood levels of cardiac enzymes
Asking the client if experiencing headache
Obtaining a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) - CORRECT ANSWER-Checking the
client's blood pressure
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is a nitrate that dilates the coronary arteries.
One adverse effect of the medication is hypotension, and the nurse
would assess the blood pressure and apical pulse before administration
and periodically after the dose is given. Blood levels of cardiac enzymes
are obtained if prescribed, but the priority is checking the client's blood
pressure. Headache is a frequent side effect of the medication, mostly
early in therapy and usually disappearing with continued treatment. It
is not necessary to obtain a 12-lead ECG before administering a second
dose of nitroglycerin unless this is prescribed by the primary health
care provider. However, the client receiving intravenous nitroglycerin
must have continuous ECG monitoring.
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is prescribed to a client with a urinary tract infection.
The nurse provides instruction about the medication. What does the nurse tell
the client about how best to take the medication? With milk
With an antacid
2 hours after meals
With aluminum hydroxide - CORRECT ANSWER-2 hours after meals
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is an anti-infective in the
fluoroquinolone family. It may be taken without regard to meals, but the
best dosing time is 2 hours after a meal. Milk may affect absorption.
Antacids (here, aluminum hydroxide) may reduce absorption and should
be administered 2 hours apart from the ciprofloxacin hydrochloride.
A nurse provides home care instructions to a client with coronary artery disease
(CAD) who is being discharged from the hospital. Which statement by the client
indicates a need for further instruction?
,,
,
,
"I need to carry my nitroglycerin with me at all times."
"I need to check my pulse before, during, and after exercise."
"I need to avoid foods with saturated fats and foods high in cholesterol."
"I need to participate in aerobic and weightlifting exercise three times a week." -
CORRECT ANSWER-
"I need to participate in aerobic and weightlifting exercise three times a week."
Rationale: There is a need for further instruction if the client states, "I
need to participate in aerobic and weightlifting exercise three times a
week." The client should avoid activities that involve straining,
including weightlifting, push-ups and pull-ups, and straining during
bowel movements. The client with CAD should participate in a simple
exercise program on a regular basis. The client may begin a simple
walking program by walking 400 feet (122 metres) twice a day at a rate
of 1 mph (1.6 km/hr) the first week after discharge and increasing the
distance and rate as tolerated, usually weekly, until he or she can walk
2 miles (3.2 km) at 3 to 4 mph (4.8 to 6.4 km/hr). The client should
always carry nitroglycerin and must comply with dietary restrictions,
including avoiding foods with saturated fats and foods high in
cholesterol. The nurse instructs the client to take a pulse reading
before, halfway through, and after exercise.
A nurse provides information to a client who will be undergoing endoscopic
retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). What does the nurse tell the
client?
There is no need to fast (NPO status) before the procedure
The gallbladder is easily removed during this procedure if gallstones are found
The procedure is only performed to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and
duodenum
Dye may be injected during the procedure to permit visualization of the
pancreatic and biliary ducts - CORRECT ANSWER-Dye may be injected during the
procedure to permit visualization of the pancreatic and biliary ducts
Rationale: The nurse tells the client that dye may be injected to outline
the pancreatic and biliary ducts. ERCP involves the oral insertion of an
endoscope with a side-viewing tip and a cannula that can be
maneuvered into the ampulla of Vater. The procedure may be combined
with papillotomy to enlarge the sphincter and release gallstones.
However, the gallbladder itself cannot be removed during this
procedure. As with any endoscopic procedure, the client must remain
NPO for 8 hours before the test.
,,
,
,
A client who has undergone knee-replacement surgery will be self-administering
enoxaparin sodium at home. The nurse teaches the client about the medication.
What does the nurse tell the client?
Store the medication in the refrigerator
Lie down to administer the subcutaneous injection
Inject the medication in the upper outer aspect of the arm
Discard the medication if the solution appears pale yellow - CORRECT ANSWER-
Lie down to administer the subcutaneous injection
Rationale: The client is instructed to lie down to administer the injection
and to introduce the entire length of the needle (½ inch [1.25 cm]) into
a skin fold held between the thumb and forefinger. Enoxaparin sodium
is an anticoagulant that is administered by way of subcutaneous
injection. It is injected into the abdominal wall. The solution, which
appears clear and colorless to pale yellow, is stored at room
temperature.
An intravenous dose of adenosine is prescribed for a client to treat Wolff-
Parkinson-White syndrome. Which piece of equipment does the nurse make a
priority of obtaining before administering the medication?
Pulse oximeter
Cardiac monitor
Blood-pressure cuff
Suction catheter and suction machine - CORRECT ANSWER-Cardiac monitor
Rationale: Obtaining a cardiac monitor is the priority. Wolff-Parkinson-
White syndrome is an abnormality of cardiac rhythm that is manifested
as supraventricular tachycardia. Adenosine is an antidysrhythmic
medication used to treat this dysrhythmia. It is administered
intravenously. A pulse oximeter and blood pressure cuff will each
provide information about the client's cardiovascular status, but neither
is the priority. There is no information in the question to indicate that a
suction catheter and suction machine are necessary.
A nurse provides information about smoking-cessation measures to a client
diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD). Which statement by the client
indicates a need for further information?
"A community support group will help me quit."
"I should drink a cup (235 ml) of coffee if I feel the urge to smoke."
"Relaxation exercises will help control my urge to smoke."
,,
,
,
"I can try chewing gum or sucking on hard candy if I feel the urge to smoke." -
CORRECT ANSWER-"I should drink a cup (235 ml) of coffee if I feel the urge to
smoke."
Rationale: The nurse should reinforce education about the hazards of
smoking and provide encouragement to clients who are interested in or
willing to try smoking cessation. The client should avoid using coffee
and other caffeine-containing products, which can cause restlessness
and anxiety, increasing the urge to smoke. There are appropriate
strategies to assist in smoking cessation. Among these are community
support groups, relaxation exercises, and strategies such as chewing
gum or sucking on hard candy if the urge to smoke arises.
Captopril is prescribed for a hospitalized client with heart failure. Which action is
a priority once the nurse has administered the first dose?
Checking the client's apical heart rate
Maintaining the client on bed rest for 3 hours
Monitoring the client for increased urine output
Checking the client's breath sounds for decreased wheezing - CORRECT ANSWER-
Maintaining the client on bed rest for 3 hours
Rationale: The client is closely monitored for hypotension at the start of
therapy and is maintained on bed rest for 3 hours after the initial dose.
Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Excessive
hypotension (first-dose syncope) may occur in the client with heart
failure or in the client who is severely salt or volume depleted. Checking
the apical heart rate will provide information about the client's cardiac
status but is not an intervention specifically related to this medication.
Increased urine output and decreased wheezing are expected if the
client has received a diuretic.
A client diagnosed with heart failure suddenly experiences profound dyspnea,
pallor, audible wheezing, and cyanosis, and the nurse suspects pulmonary
edema. What should the nurse do first?
Obtain a pulse oximetry reading
Raise the head of the client's bed
Administer a dose of morphine sulfate
Obtain a specimen for an arterial blood gas determination - CORRECT ANSWER-
Raise the head of the client's bed
Rationale: The nurse would first raise the head of the client's bed and
position the client to maximize chest expansion to ease the air hunger
that the client is experiencing. Acute pulmonary edema is characterized
