NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNPANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/
Geographic tongue inflammatory disorder that usually appears on top and side of
the tongue
multiple fissures and irreregular smoother areas on its surface
that make it look like a topographic map
Cheilosis painful inflammation and cracking of the corners of the mouth
Peritonsillar abscess severe sore throat, difficulty swallowing, trismus, and muffled
"hot potato" voice
abscess displaces the uvula
pterygium yellow, triangular thickening of the conjunctiva that extends
across the cornea on the nasal side
Pinguecula yellowish, raised growth on the conjunctiva next to the cornea
Chalazion chronic inflammation of the meibomian gland
NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNP.pdfANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
,NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNPANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/
hordeolum (stye) stye
abscess of a hair follicle and sebaceous gland on the eyelid
High risk factors for hearing loss in premature HEARS
baby Hyperbilirubinemia
Ear infection frequency
low Apgar scores
exposure to Rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), toxoplasmosis
Seizures
diabetic retinopathy cotton wool spots
Normal intraocular pressure 8-21mm Hg
Intermittent Esotropia common in infants younger than 20 weeks
resolves spontaneously
refer if present after 20 weeks
Kawasaki Disease high fever, enlarged lymph nodes, conjunctivitis, dry, cracked
lips
strawberry tongue
most cases under 5 years of age
pharyngitis acute infection of the pharynx
stuffy nose, rhinitis with clear mucus, and watery eyes
NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNP.pdfANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
,NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNPANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/
allergic rhinitis inflammatory changes of the nasal mucosa due to an allergy
response
most common sign: transverse nasal crease (allergic salute)
tonsillitis inflammation of the tonsils
sore throat, difficulty swallowing, tender lymph nodes
Treatment for otitis externa Use aluminum acetate solution PRN (provides soothing,
effective relief of minor skin irritations and inflammation)
keep water out of the ear
Polymyxin B-neomycin-hydrocortisone suspension drops QID x
7 days and/or ofloxacin drops
Bullous Myringitis small, fluid-filled blisters form on the eardrum
First permanent teeth to erupt first molars at about 6 years of age
viral keratoconjunctivitis pink eye
treatment- symptomatic
cold compresses and slightly chilled artificial tears
avoid touching eyes, haring towels, frequent eye washing
children should not attend school until symptoms resolve
what causes viral keratoconjunctivits? adenovirus
contagious for 10-12 days
self limiting
NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNP.pdfANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
,NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNPANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/
Transmission of sound through the ear 1. sound waves are collected in the pinna
2. transmission of vibrations through the hammer, anvil and
stirrup
3.nerve impulses stimulate in the inner ear
4. vibrations are transmitted of the cerebral cortex auditory
center
5.sound is interpreted by the cerebral cortex
Ishihara chart screening a patient for colour blindness
Tx for otitis media 1st line- amoxicillin
blepharitis chronic condition caused by inflammation of the eyelids
contact lens keratitis eye pain, redness, excessive tearing, lesion on the cornea
1st line- topical abx
primary angle-closure glaucoma sudden blockage of the aqueous humor
increased intraocular pressure
Acute Rhinosinusitis inflammation of the mucosal lining of nasal passages, lasting up
to 4 weeks, caused by allergens
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis secondary bacterial infection, usually following viral URI
Diseases caused by S. pneumoniae COMPS
Conjunctivitis
Otitis media
Meningitis
Pneumonia
Sinusitis
NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNP.pdfANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNPANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/
Geographic tongue inflammatory disorder that usually appears on top and side of
the tongue
multiple fissures and irreregular smoother areas on its surface
that make it look like a topographic map
Cheilosis painful inflammation and cracking of the corners of the mouth
Peritonsillar abscess severe sore throat, difficulty swallowing, trismus, and muffled
"hot potato" voice
abscess displaces the uvula
pterygium yellow, triangular thickening of the conjunctiva that extends
across the cornea on the nasal side
Pinguecula yellowish, raised growth on the conjunctiva next to the cornea
Chalazion chronic inflammation of the meibomian gland
NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNP.pdfANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
,NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNPANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/
hordeolum (stye) stye
abscess of a hair follicle and sebaceous gland on the eyelid
High risk factors for hearing loss in premature HEARS
baby Hyperbilirubinemia
Ear infection frequency
low Apgar scores
exposure to Rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), toxoplasmosis
Seizures
diabetic retinopathy cotton wool spots
Normal intraocular pressure 8-21mm Hg
Intermittent Esotropia common in infants younger than 20 weeks
resolves spontaneously
refer if present after 20 weeks
Kawasaki Disease high fever, enlarged lymph nodes, conjunctivitis, dry, cracked
lips
strawberry tongue
most cases under 5 years of age
pharyngitis acute infection of the pharynx
stuffy nose, rhinitis with clear mucus, and watery eyes
NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNP.pdfANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
,NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNPANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/
allergic rhinitis inflammatory changes of the nasal mucosa due to an allergy
response
most common sign: transverse nasal crease (allergic salute)
tonsillitis inflammation of the tonsils
sore throat, difficulty swallowing, tender lymph nodes
Treatment for otitis externa Use aluminum acetate solution PRN (provides soothing,
effective relief of minor skin irritations and inflammation)
keep water out of the ear
Polymyxin B-neomycin-hydrocortisone suspension drops QID x
7 days and/or ofloxacin drops
Bullous Myringitis small, fluid-filled blisters form on the eardrum
First permanent teeth to erupt first molars at about 6 years of age
viral keratoconjunctivitis pink eye
treatment- symptomatic
cold compresses and slightly chilled artificial tears
avoid touching eyes, haring towels, frequent eye washing
children should not attend school until symptoms resolve
what causes viral keratoconjunctivits? adenovirus
contagious for 10-12 days
self limiting
NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNP.pdfANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
,NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNPANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/
Transmission of sound through the ear 1. sound waves are collected in the pinna
2. transmission of vibrations through the hammer, anvil and
stirrup
3.nerve impulses stimulate in the inner ear
4. vibrations are transmitted of the cerebral cortex auditory
center
5.sound is interpreted by the cerebral cortex
Ishihara chart screening a patient for colour blindness
Tx for otitis media 1st line- amoxicillin
blepharitis chronic condition caused by inflammation of the eyelids
contact lens keratitis eye pain, redness, excessive tearing, lesion on the cornea
1st line- topical abx
primary angle-closure glaucoma sudden blockage of the aqueous humor
increased intraocular pressure
Acute Rhinosinusitis inflammation of the mucosal lining of nasal passages, lasting up
to 4 weeks, caused by allergens
Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis secondary bacterial infection, usually following viral URI
Diseases caused by S. pneumoniae COMPS
Conjunctivitis
Otitis media
Meningitis
Pneumonia
Sinusitis
NCC
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
ANCC
FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@22/2026//2027
FNP.pdfANCC FNP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&&&&&&&&############################@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
