NR 599 Final Exam / NR599 Final
Exam(71 Q and A) : Chamberlain
College Of Nursing(Latest-
2023)(Verified and Correct)
SECTION I: Foundations of Nursing Informatics & DIKW Framework (Questions 1–20)
1. According to the American Nurses Association (ANA), nursing informatics is best defined as
a specialty that integrates nursing science with which of the following?
A) Computer hardware maintenance and software troubleshooting
B) Multiple information and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage, and communicate
data, information, knowledge, and wisdom
C) Medical billing, coding, and revenue cycle management
D) Telehealth and remote patient monitoring exclusively
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ANA formally defines nursing informatics as the specialty that integrates
nursing science with multiple information and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage,
and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice. This definition
emphasizes the synthesis of nursing science, computer science, and information science—not
merely technical support, billing, or telehealth functions.
2. Which three foundational sciences form the core triad of nursing informatics?
A) Biology, chemistry, and physics
B) Anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology
C) Nursing science, computer science, and information science
D) Mathematics, statistics, and epidemiology
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ANA definition specifically identifies nursing science, computer science, and
information science as the foundational triad. Computer science provides the theory of
,computation, information science addresses retrieval and management of information, and
nursing science grounds the specialty in clinical practice.
3. In the DIKW framework, which level represents raw, unprocessed facts that lack context or
meaning?
A) Information
B) Knowledge
C) Data
D) Wisdom
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Data are raw, discrete facts without context. A single blood pressure reading of
120/80 mmHg, for example, is data until it is interpreted in the context of the patient's
condition, trends, and clinical situation. Information adds meaning, knowledge identifies
patterns, and wisdom applies ethical judgment to action.
4. A nurse reviews a flowsheet showing heart rate 110, blood pressure 142/88, respiratory
rate 24, and SpO₂ 91% on room air for a postoperative patient and recognizes this pattern
indicates potential respiratory compromise. This represents which DIKW level?
A) Data
B) Information
C) Knowledge
D) Wisdom
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Knowledge involves synthesizing contextualized information to identify patterns
and relationships. The nurse is not merely collecting data (A) or organizing it into information
(B)—they are recognizing a clinically significant pattern that requires intervention. Wisdom (D)
would involve the ethical and contextual application of that knowledge in action.
5. What does computer science study in the context of informatics?
A) How the human mind works from an information processing perspective
B) The retrieval and management of information and human-computer interaction
C) The theory underpinning information and computation and their implementation in
computer systems
D) The biological basis of cognition
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: Computer science focuses on the theory underlying information and
computation and their implementation in computer systems, including hardware, software,
communication, and solutions to related problems. Cognitive science (A) studies how the
human mind works, and information science (B) addresses retrieval and management of
information.
6. What does cognitive science study in the context of nursing informatics?
A) Computer hardware and software systems
B) How the human mind works from an information processing perspective
C) The management and retrieval of information
D) The legal implications of healthcare technology
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cognitive science studies how the human mind works from an information
processing perspective. This is essential for understanding human-computer interaction and
designing user-friendly health information systems that align with how clinicians think and make
decisions.
7. What does information science study?
A) The theory of computation
B) How the human mind processes information
C) Retrieval and management of information and human-computer interaction
D) The biological basis of cognition
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Information science focuses on the retrieval and management of information as
well as human-computer interaction. This science is essential for designing effective health
information systems that support clinical workflow and decision-making.
8. The study of the nature and origin of knowledge—what it means to know—is called:
A) Ontology
B) Epistemology
C) Axiology
D) Phenomenology
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Epistemology is the study of the nature and origin of knowledge—that is, what it
means to know. Three sources of knowledge have been identified: instinct, reason, and
intuition. Epistemology is fundamental to understanding how nursing knowledge is created and
validated.
9. According to the Foundation of Knowledge Model, what are the four key elements?
A) Data, information, knowledge, and wisdom
B) Knowledge acquisition, knowledge processing, knowledge generation, and knowledge
dissemination
C) Input, throughput, output, and feedback
D) Assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Foundation of Knowledge Model describes how humans are organic and
constantly generate, acquire, process, and disseminate knowledge. The four key elements are
knowledge acquisition, knowledge processing, knowledge generation, and knowledge
dissemination. This model serves as the basis for how knowledge is used to meet healthcare
delivery system needs.
10. For knowledge to be viable in the Foundation of Knowledge Model, it must be:
A) Expensive and exclusive
B) Accessible, timely, and accurate
C) Complex and detailed
D) Stored in paper format
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For knowledge to be viable, it must be accessible, timely, and accurate. Viable
knowledge enables appropriate decision-making and action. If knowledge is inaccessible,
delayed, or inaccurate, it cannot effectively support clinical practice or healthcare delivery.
11. The TIGER initiative was launched primarily to:
A) Develop a nursing workforce capable of using information technology to improve patient care
B) Increase the number of informatics specialists in leadership roles
C) Decrease the cost of electronic health records
D) Replace traditional nursing roles with automated systems
Correct Answer: A
Exam(71 Q and A) : Chamberlain
College Of Nursing(Latest-
2023)(Verified and Correct)
SECTION I: Foundations of Nursing Informatics & DIKW Framework (Questions 1–20)
1. According to the American Nurses Association (ANA), nursing informatics is best defined as
a specialty that integrates nursing science with which of the following?
A) Computer hardware maintenance and software troubleshooting
B) Multiple information and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage, and communicate
data, information, knowledge, and wisdom
C) Medical billing, coding, and revenue cycle management
D) Telehealth and remote patient monitoring exclusively
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ANA formally defines nursing informatics as the specialty that integrates
nursing science with multiple information and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage,
and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice. This definition
emphasizes the synthesis of nursing science, computer science, and information science—not
merely technical support, billing, or telehealth functions.
2. Which three foundational sciences form the core triad of nursing informatics?
A) Biology, chemistry, and physics
B) Anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology
C) Nursing science, computer science, and information science
D) Mathematics, statistics, and epidemiology
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ANA definition specifically identifies nursing science, computer science, and
information science as the foundational triad. Computer science provides the theory of
,computation, information science addresses retrieval and management of information, and
nursing science grounds the specialty in clinical practice.
3. In the DIKW framework, which level represents raw, unprocessed facts that lack context or
meaning?
A) Information
B) Knowledge
C) Data
D) Wisdom
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Data are raw, discrete facts without context. A single blood pressure reading of
120/80 mmHg, for example, is data until it is interpreted in the context of the patient's
condition, trends, and clinical situation. Information adds meaning, knowledge identifies
patterns, and wisdom applies ethical judgment to action.
4. A nurse reviews a flowsheet showing heart rate 110, blood pressure 142/88, respiratory
rate 24, and SpO₂ 91% on room air for a postoperative patient and recognizes this pattern
indicates potential respiratory compromise. This represents which DIKW level?
A) Data
B) Information
C) Knowledge
D) Wisdom
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Knowledge involves synthesizing contextualized information to identify patterns
and relationships. The nurse is not merely collecting data (A) or organizing it into information
(B)—they are recognizing a clinically significant pattern that requires intervention. Wisdom (D)
would involve the ethical and contextual application of that knowledge in action.
5. What does computer science study in the context of informatics?
A) How the human mind works from an information processing perspective
B) The retrieval and management of information and human-computer interaction
C) The theory underpinning information and computation and their implementation in
computer systems
D) The biological basis of cognition
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: Computer science focuses on the theory underlying information and
computation and their implementation in computer systems, including hardware, software,
communication, and solutions to related problems. Cognitive science (A) studies how the
human mind works, and information science (B) addresses retrieval and management of
information.
6. What does cognitive science study in the context of nursing informatics?
A) Computer hardware and software systems
B) How the human mind works from an information processing perspective
C) The management and retrieval of information
D) The legal implications of healthcare technology
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cognitive science studies how the human mind works from an information
processing perspective. This is essential for understanding human-computer interaction and
designing user-friendly health information systems that align with how clinicians think and make
decisions.
7. What does information science study?
A) The theory of computation
B) How the human mind processes information
C) Retrieval and management of information and human-computer interaction
D) The biological basis of cognition
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Information science focuses on the retrieval and management of information as
well as human-computer interaction. This science is essential for designing effective health
information systems that support clinical workflow and decision-making.
8. The study of the nature and origin of knowledge—what it means to know—is called:
A) Ontology
B) Epistemology
C) Axiology
D) Phenomenology
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Epistemology is the study of the nature and origin of knowledge—that is, what it
means to know. Three sources of knowledge have been identified: instinct, reason, and
intuition. Epistemology is fundamental to understanding how nursing knowledge is created and
validated.
9. According to the Foundation of Knowledge Model, what are the four key elements?
A) Data, information, knowledge, and wisdom
B) Knowledge acquisition, knowledge processing, knowledge generation, and knowledge
dissemination
C) Input, throughput, output, and feedback
D) Assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Foundation of Knowledge Model describes how humans are organic and
constantly generate, acquire, process, and disseminate knowledge. The four key elements are
knowledge acquisition, knowledge processing, knowledge generation, and knowledge
dissemination. This model serves as the basis for how knowledge is used to meet healthcare
delivery system needs.
10. For knowledge to be viable in the Foundation of Knowledge Model, it must be:
A) Expensive and exclusive
B) Accessible, timely, and accurate
C) Complex and detailed
D) Stored in paper format
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For knowledge to be viable, it must be accessible, timely, and accurate. Viable
knowledge enables appropriate decision-making and action. If knowledge is inaccessible,
delayed, or inaccurate, it cannot effectively support clinical practice or healthcare delivery.
11. The TIGER initiative was launched primarily to:
A) Develop a nursing workforce capable of using information technology to improve patient care
B) Increase the number of informatics specialists in leadership roles
C) Decrease the cost of electronic health records
D) Replace traditional nursing roles with automated systems
Correct Answer: A
