HESI Medical-Surgical Nursing Test Bank Questions & Answers 2026 – Ignatavicius 11th Edition Exam Prep & Study Guide

HESI Medical-Surgical Nursing Test Bank Questions and Answers 2026
| Ignatavicius 11th Edition Exam Prep & Study Guide
Thexnursexisxassessingxaxgroupxofxclients.xWhichxclientsxarexatxgreaterxriskxforxhypothermiaxorxfrostbite?
x(selectxallxthatxapply)




a.xanxolderxwomanxwithxhypertension

b.xaxyoungxmanxwithxaxbodyxmassxindexxofx42

c.xaxyoungxmanyxwhoxhasxjustxconsumedxsixxmartinis

d.xanxolderxmanxwhoxsmokesxaxpackxofxcigarettesxaxday

e.xaxyoungxwomanxwhoxisxanorexic

f.xaxyoungxwomanxwhoxisxdiabeticx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅C,xD,xE,xF



clientsxwithxpoorxnutrition,xfatigue,xandxmultiplexchronicxillnessesxarexatxgreaterxriskxforxhypothermia.xC
lientsxwhoxsmoke,xconsumexalcohol,xorxhaveximpairedxperipheralxcirculationxhavexaxhigherxincidencexof
xfrostbite.




Thexnursexisxcaringxforxfourxclients.xWhichxclientxassessmentxisxthexmostxindicativexofxhavingxpain?



A)xClientxstatingxthatxhexisx"anxious"

B)xHeartxratexofx105xbeats/minxandxrestlessness

C)xBloodxpressurex150/70xmmxHgxandxsleeping

D)xPostoperativexclientxwithxaxneckxincisionx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B



Atxtimesxclientsxarexunablextoxverbalizexthatxtheyxarexinxpainxbutxtherexarexindicatorsxthatxthexclientxma
yxhavexacutexpainxsuchxasxincreasedxheartxrate,xincreasedxbloodxpressure,xincreasedxrespirations,xsweat
ing,xrestlessness,xandxoverallxdistress.xAllxthexotherxdistractorsxcouldxindicatexclientsxwhoxhavexthexpote
ntialxforxbeingxinxpain,xbutxrestlessnessxwithxtachycardiaxisxthexmostxindicative.



Whenxdescribingxpatientxeducationxapproaches,xthexnursexeducatorxwouldxexplainxthatxinformalxteachi
ngxisxanxapproachxthat

,a.xfollowsxformalizedxplans

b.xhasxstandardizedxcontent

c.xoftenxoccursxone-to-one

d.xaddressesxgroupxneedsx-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅C.xInformalxteachingxisxindividualizedxonexonxonexteachingxwhichxrepresentsxthex
majorityxofxpatientxeducationxdonexbyxnursesxthatxoccursxwhenxanxinterventionxisxexplainedxorxaxquesti
onxisxanswered.xGroupxneedsxarexoftenxthexfocusxofxformalxpatientxeducationxcoursesxorxclasses.xInfor
malxteachingxdoesxnotxnecessarilyxfollowxaxspecificxformalizedxplan.xItxmayxbexplannedxwithxspecificxcon
tent,xbutxitxisxindividualizedxresponsesxtoxpatientxneeds.xFormalxteachingxinvolvesxthexusexofxaxcurriculu
m/coursexplanxwithxstandardizedxcontent.



Axpatientxexpressesxaxstrongxinterestxinxreturningxtoxtheirxwork,xfamily,xandxhobbiesxafterxhavingxaxstro
ke.xWhichxtheoryxtypexwouldxthexnursexusextoxdevelopxaxplanxofxcarexforxthexbestxresultsxofxthisxpatien
t'sxmotivationxstyle?



a.xfield

b.xbiological

c.xcognitive

d.xsociologicx-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅C.xCognitivextheoristsxbelievexthatxattention,xrelevance,xconfidence,xandxsatisfac
tionx(ARCS)xarexthexconditionsxthat,xwhenxintegrated,xmotivatexsomeonextoxlearn.xFieldxtheoristsxplacex
significancexonxhowxachievement,xpower,xthexneedxforxaffiliation,xandxavoidancexmotivesxinfluencexindi
vidualxbehavior.xSociologicxtheoriesxarexnotxinvolvedxinxmotivation.



Whichxstatementxmadexbyxaxnursexrepresentsxthexneedxforxfurtherxeducationxregardingxpainxmanagem
entxinxolderxadultxclients?



a.xolderxadultsxtendxtoxreportxpainxlessxoftenxthanxyoungerxadults

b.xolderxclientsxusuallyxhavexmorexexperiencexwithxpainxthanxyoungerxclients

c.xolderxadultsxarexatxgreatestxriskxforxunderxtreatedxpain

d.xolderxclientsxhavexaxdifferentxpainxmechanismxandxdoxnotxfeelxitxasxmuchx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D

,Therexisxnoxevidencextoxsupportxthexideaxthatxolderxadultxclientsxperceivexpainxanyxdifferentlyxthanxyou
ngerxclients.xThexotherxstatementsxarexaccuratexregardingxolderxclientsxandxpain.



Thexnursexisxworkingxatxaxfirstxaidxboothxforxaxspringxtrainingxgamexonxaxhotxday.xAxspectatorxcomesxin,
xreportingxthatxhexisxnotxfeelingxwell.xVitalxsignsxarextempx104.1xF,xpulsex132xBPM,xrespirsx26xbreaths/

min,xandxbloodxpressurex106/66xmmxHg.xHextripsxoverxhisxfeetxasxthexnursexleadsxhimxtoxaxcot.xWhatxis
xthexprioryxactionxofxthexnurse?




a.xadminxtylenolx650xmgxorally

b.xencouragexrest,xandxreassessxinx15xminutes

c.xspongexthexvictimxwithxcoolxwaterxandxremovexhisxshirt

d.xencouragexdrinkingxofxcoolxwaterxorxsportsxdrinkx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅C



Thexspectatorxshowsxsignsxofxheatxstroke,xwhichxisxaxmedicalxemergency.xThexspectatorxshouldxbextrans
portedxtoxthexEDxASAP.xThexnursxshouldxtakexactionsxtoxlowerxhisxbodyxtempxinxtehxmeantimexbyxremo
vingxhisxshirtxandxspongingxhisxbodyxwithxcoolxwater.xLoweringxbodyxtempxbyxdrinkingxcoolxfluidsxorxtak
ingxacetaminophenxisxnotxasxeffectivexinxanxemergencyxsituation.xThexclientxneedsxtoxbexcooledxquicklyx
andxisxaxpriorityxforxtreatment



ThexclientxisxreceivingxanxIVxofx60xmEqxofxpotassiumxchloridexinax1000xmLxsolutionxofxdextrosex5%xinx0.
45%xsaline.xThexclientxstatesxthatxthexareaxaroundxthexIVxsitexburns.xWhatxinterventionxdoesxthexnursex
performxfirst?



a.xassessxforxaxbloodxreturn

b.xnotifyxthexphysician

c.xdocumentxthexfinding

d.xstopxthexIVxinfusionx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D



Potassiumxisxaxseverextissuexirritant.xThexsafestxactionxisxtoxdiscontinuexthexsolutionxthatxcontainsxthexp
otassiumxandxdiscontinuexthexIVxaltogether,xinxwhichxcasexthexclientxwouldxneedxanotherxsitexstarted.x
Assessingxforxaxbloodxreturnxmayxorxmayxnotxbexsuccessful.xThexsolutionxcouldxbexdilutedx(lessxpotassiu
m)xandxthexratexcouldxbexslowedxoncexitxisxdeterminedxthatxthexneedlexisxinxthexvein.

, Axnursexisxcaringxforxanxolderxadultxclientxwhoxlivesxalone.xWhichxeconomicxsituationxpresentsxthexmost
xseriousxproblemxforxthisxclient?




a.xcostsxofxcreatingxaxlivingxwill

b.xstockxmarketxfluctuations

c.xincreasedxproviderxbenefits

d.xsocialxsecurityxasxthexbasisxofxincomex-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D



Olderxadultsxonxfixedxincomesxarexunablextoxadjustxtheirxincomextoxmeetxrisingxcostsxassociatedxwithxm
eetingxbasicxneeds



Controllingxpainxisximportantxtoxpromotingxwellness.xUnrelievedxpainxhasxbeenxassociatedxwithx



a.xprolongedxstressxresponsexandxaxcascadexofxharmfulxeffectsxsystemxwide.

b.xdecreasedxtumorxgrowthxandxlongevity

c.xlargextidalxvolumesxandxdecreasedxlungxcapacity

d.xdecreasedxcarbohydrate,xprotein,xandxfatxdestructionx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅A



Painxtriggersxaxnumberxofxphysiologicxstressxresponsesxinxthexhumanxbody.xUnrelievedxpainxcanxprolong
xthexstressxresponsexandxproducexaxcascadexofxharmfulxeffectsxinxallxbodyxsystems.xThexstressxresponse

xcausesxthexendocrinexsystemxtoxreleasexexcessivexamountsxofxhormones,xsuchxasxcortisol,xcatecholami

nes,xandxglucagon.xInsulinxandxtestosteronexlevelsxdecrease.xIncreasedxendocrinexactivityxinxturnxinitiat
esxaxnumberxofxmetabolicxprocesses,xinxparticular,xacceleratedxcarbohydrate,xprotein,xandxfatxdestructi
on,xwhcihxcanxresultxinxweightxloss,xtachycardia,xincreasedxrespiratoryxrate,xshock,xandxevenxdeath.xThe
ximmunexsystemxisxalsoxaffectedxbyxpainxasxdemonstratedxbyxresearchxshowingxaxlinkxbetweenxunreliev

edxpainxandxaxhigherxincidencexofxnosocomialxinfectionsxandxincreasedxtumorxgrowth.xLargextidalxvolu
mesxarexnotxassociatedxwithxpainxwhilexdecreasedxlungxcapacityxisxassociatedxwithxunrelievedxpain.xDec
reasedxtumorxgrowthxandxlongevityxarexnotxassociatedxwithxunrelievedxpain.xDecreasedxcarbs,xprotein,x
andxfatxarexnotxassociatedxwithxpainxorxstressxresponse.



Whichxinterventionxinxaxclientxwithxdehydrationxinducedxconfusionxisxmostxlikelyxtoxrelievexthexconfusio
n?

a.xincreasingxthexIVxflowxratextox250xmL/hr