Med-Surg 1 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers 2026 | Medical-
Surgical Nursing Exam Prep & Study Guide
Axfemalexclientxmustxtakexstreptomycinxforxtuberculosis.xBeforextherapyxbegins,xthexnursexshouldxinstr
uctxthexclientxtoxnotifyxthexphysicianxifxwhichxhealthxconcernxoccurs?x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅Decreasedxhearingxacuity
NursexOliverxobservesxconstantxbubblingxinxthexwater-
sealxchamberxofxaxclosedxchestxdrainagexsystem.xWhatxshouldxthexnursexconclude?x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅anxairxleak.
Axblackxclientxwithxasthmaxseeksxemergencyxcarexforxacutexrespiratoryxdistress.xBecausexofxthisxclient'sx
darkxskin,xthexnursexshouldxassessxforxcyanosisxbyxinspectingxthe:x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅mucousxmembranes
Thexnursexassessesxaxmalexclient'sxrespiratoryxstatus.xWhichxobservationxindicatesxthatxthexclientxisxexp
eriencingxdifficultyxbreathing?x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Usexofxaccessoryxmuscles
20.xAxmalexclientxwithxchronicxobstructivexpulmonaryxdiseasex(COPD)xisxrecoveringxfromxaxmyocardialxi
nfarction.xBecausexthexclientxisxextremelyxweakxandxcan'txproducexanxeffectivexcough,xthexnursexshould
xmonitorxcloselyxfor:x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Atelectasis.
Thexnursexinxchargexisxteachingxaxclientxwithxemphysemaxhowxtoxperformxpursed-
lipxbreathing.xThexclientxasksxthexnursextoxexplainxthexpurposexofxthisxbreathingxtechnique.xWhichxexpla
nationxshouldxthexnursexprovide?x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅"Itxhelpsxpreventxearlyxairwayxcollapse."
Axmalexclientxsuffersxadultxrespiratoryxdistressxsyndromexasxaxconsequencexofxshock.xThexclient'sxcondit
ionxdeterioratesxrapidly,xandxendotrachealx(ET)xintubationxandxmechanicalxventilationxarexinitiated.xWh
enxthexhigh-
pressurexalarmxonxthexmechanicalxventilatorxsounds,xthexnursexstartsxtoxcheckxforxthexcause.xWhichxco
nditionxtriggersxthexhigh-pressurexalarm?x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Kinkingxofxthexventilatorxtubing
Atx11xp.m.,xaxmalexclientxisxadmittedxtoxthexemergencyxdepartment.xHexhasxaxrespiratoryxratexofx44xbre
aths/minute.xHe'sxanxious,xandxwheezesxarexaudible.xThexclientxisximmediatelyxgivenxoxygenxbyxfacexm
askxandxmethylprednisolonex(Depo-
, medrol)xI.V.xAtx11:30xp.m.,xthexclient'sxarterialxbloodxoxygenxsaturationxisx86%xandxhe'sxstillxwheezing.x
Thexnursexshouldxplanxtoxadminister:x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Albuterolx(Proventil).
NursexRonnxisxassessingxaxclientxwithxpossiblexCushing'sxsyndrome.xInxaxclientxwithxCushing'sxsyndrome,
xthexnursexwouldxexpectxtoxfind:x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅Depositsxofxadiposextissuexinxthextrunkxandxdorsocervicalxarea
pacemakerxofxthexheartx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅sinoatrialx(SA)xnode
thexleftxatriumxreceivesx_____xbloodxfromxthexlungsxbyxthexwayxofxthexfourxpulmonaryxveinsx-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅oxygenated
Thexrightxatriumxrecievesx____xbloodxfromxthexupperxbodyxbyxwayxofxthexsuperiorxvenaxcavaxandxfromx
thexlowerxbodyxbyxwayxofxthexinferiorxvenaxcava.x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅deoxygenated
Epinephrinexsecreatedxbyxthexadrenalxmedullaxinxstressfulxsituationsxisx________x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅sympathomimetic
______xincreasesxthexrexcretionxfoxsodiumxbyxthexkidneysx-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅ANPxarterialxnatriureticxpeptide
_____xreleasedxfromxthexposteriorxpituitary,xdirectlyxincreasesxwaterxreabosorptionxbyxthexkidneys,xthu
sxincreasingxbloodxvolumexandxbloodxpressurex-xcorrectxanswerx ✅ADHxantidiureitcxhormone
________xisxthexdepositionxofxlipdsxinxthexwallsxoxateries'xlemensxandxformxroughxsurfacesxthatxmayxsti
mulatexintravascularxclotxformation,xandxdecreasesxbloodxflowxtoxthexafectedxorgan.x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅Artherosclerosis
thexolderxadultxisxatxincreasedxriskxforxdevelopingxorthosaticxhypotension,xwhichxcouldxprecipitatexaxfall
xisxoftenxduexto,x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅age,ximmobility,xchronicxillness,xandxmedication
Surgical Nursing Exam Prep & Study Guide
Axfemalexclientxmustxtakexstreptomycinxforxtuberculosis.xBeforextherapyxbegins,xthexnursexshouldxinstr
uctxthexclientxtoxnotifyxthexphysicianxifxwhichxhealthxconcernxoccurs?x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅Decreasedxhearingxacuity
NursexOliverxobservesxconstantxbubblingxinxthexwater-
sealxchamberxofxaxclosedxchestxdrainagexsystem.xWhatxshouldxthexnursexconclude?x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅anxairxleak.
Axblackxclientxwithxasthmaxseeksxemergencyxcarexforxacutexrespiratoryxdistress.xBecausexofxthisxclient'sx
darkxskin,xthexnursexshouldxassessxforxcyanosisxbyxinspectingxthe:x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅mucousxmembranes
Thexnursexassessesxaxmalexclient'sxrespiratoryxstatus.xWhichxobservationxindicatesxthatxthexclientxisxexp
eriencingxdifficultyxbreathing?x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Usexofxaccessoryxmuscles
20.xAxmalexclientxwithxchronicxobstructivexpulmonaryxdiseasex(COPD)xisxrecoveringxfromxaxmyocardialxi
nfarction.xBecausexthexclientxisxextremelyxweakxandxcan'txproducexanxeffectivexcough,xthexnursexshould
xmonitorxcloselyxfor:x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Atelectasis.
Thexnursexinxchargexisxteachingxaxclientxwithxemphysemaxhowxtoxperformxpursed-
lipxbreathing.xThexclientxasksxthexnursextoxexplainxthexpurposexofxthisxbreathingxtechnique.xWhichxexpla
nationxshouldxthexnursexprovide?x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅"Itxhelpsxpreventxearlyxairwayxcollapse."
Axmalexclientxsuffersxadultxrespiratoryxdistressxsyndromexasxaxconsequencexofxshock.xThexclient'sxcondit
ionxdeterioratesxrapidly,xandxendotrachealx(ET)xintubationxandxmechanicalxventilationxarexinitiated.xWh
enxthexhigh-
pressurexalarmxonxthexmechanicalxventilatorxsounds,xthexnursexstartsxtoxcheckxforxthexcause.xWhichxco
nditionxtriggersxthexhigh-pressurexalarm?x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Kinkingxofxthexventilatorxtubing
Atx11xp.m.,xaxmalexclientxisxadmittedxtoxthexemergencyxdepartment.xHexhasxaxrespiratoryxratexofx44xbre
aths/minute.xHe'sxanxious,xandxwheezesxarexaudible.xThexclientxisximmediatelyxgivenxoxygenxbyxfacexm
askxandxmethylprednisolonex(Depo-
, medrol)xI.V.xAtx11:30xp.m.,xthexclient'sxarterialxbloodxoxygenxsaturationxisx86%xandxhe'sxstillxwheezing.x
Thexnursexshouldxplanxtoxadminister:x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Albuterolx(Proventil).
NursexRonnxisxassessingxaxclientxwithxpossiblexCushing'sxsyndrome.xInxaxclientxwithxCushing'sxsyndrome,
xthexnursexwouldxexpectxtoxfind:x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅Depositsxofxadiposextissuexinxthextrunkxandxdorsocervicalxarea
pacemakerxofxthexheartx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅sinoatrialx(SA)xnode
thexleftxatriumxreceivesx_____xbloodxfromxthexlungsxbyxthexwayxofxthexfourxpulmonaryxveinsx-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅oxygenated
Thexrightxatriumxrecievesx____xbloodxfromxthexupperxbodyxbyxwayxofxthexsuperiorxvenaxcavaxandxfromx
thexlowerxbodyxbyxwayxofxthexinferiorxvenaxcava.x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅deoxygenated
Epinephrinexsecreatedxbyxthexadrenalxmedullaxinxstressfulxsituationsxisx________x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅sympathomimetic
______xincreasesxthexrexcretionxfoxsodiumxbyxthexkidneysx-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅ANPxarterialxnatriureticxpeptide
_____xreleasedxfromxthexposteriorxpituitary,xdirectlyxincreasesxwaterxreabosorptionxbyxthexkidneys,xthu
sxincreasingxbloodxvolumexandxbloodxpressurex-xcorrectxanswerx ✅ADHxantidiureitcxhormone
________xisxthexdepositionxofxlipdsxinxthexwallsxoxateries'xlemensxandxformxroughxsurfacesxthatxmayxsti
mulatexintravascularxclotxformation,xandxdecreasesxbloodxflowxtoxthexafectedxorgan.x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅Artherosclerosis
thexolderxadultxisxatxincreasedxriskxforxdevelopingxorthosaticxhypotension,xwhichxcouldxprecipitatexaxfall
xisxoftenxduexto,x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅age,ximmobility,xchronicxillness,xandxmedication
