HCR 240 Pathophysiology Midterm review
(Modules 1 - 3) Questions and Correct
Answers
Question 1
Granulation
Correct Answer
New fibrous tissue formed during wound healing; involves fibroblasts, which
synthesize collagen and the ECM needed for wound healing
Question 2
Anaphylaxis
Correct Answer
A severe, life-threatening type I immediate hypersensitivity reaction. Can cause
itching, urticaria (hives), and bronchoconstriction. Widespread vasodilation can
cause a decrease in blood pressure and vascular shock.
Question 3
Hemtaocrit (Hct)
Correct Answer
Percentage of blood that consists of RBCs. Part of CBC.
Normal values:
Males: 45- 52%
Females: 37 - 48%
Question 4
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
Correct Answer
Sudden inability to breathe occurring during sleep; symptom of left heart failure
Page 1 of 50
,Question 5
Acute retroviral syndrome
Correct Answer
Occurs 1-6 weeks after HIV exposure in 50-70% of infected individuals; flu-like
symptoms including fever, headache, and fatigue.
Patients are often seronegative at this time.
Question 6
Malaria
Correct Answer
Disease caused by protozoans of the plasmodium genus
Transmitted by Anopheles mosquito vectors
Question 7
Histology
Correct Answer
Microscopic study of tissues and cells
Question 8
Leukemia
Correct Answer
Hematologic neoplasm where malignancy is mainly located in the blood
Question 9
Lymphoma
Correct Answer
Hematologic neoplasm where malignancy is mainly located in lymph nodes or
lymphoid tissues
Page 2 of 50
,Question 10
Acute rhinitis
Correct Answer
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa with sneezing, tearing, and profuse secretion of
watery mucus, as seen in the common cold
Question 11
Neutrophils in WBC with differential
Correct Answer
40% to 80%
Question 12
Acute sinusitis
Correct Answer
Infection of the facial sinuses and membranes of the nose
Question 13
Type I hypersensitivity
Correct Answer
Immediate hypersensitivity. IgE mediated.
Ex: allergies, anaphylaxis
Question 14
Dysrhythmia
Correct Answer
Potentially fatal disturbances in heart rhythem; also called arrhythmias
Page 3 of 50
, Question 15
Neutrophils
Correct Answer
WBC
Granulocyte
Phagocytotic cells that primarily fight bacterial and fungal infections
Most abundant WBC type after acute infection
Question 16
Neisseria meningitidis
Correct Answer
aka meningococcus
A gram-negative bacteria that is a common cause of bacterial meningitis.
Can cause outbreaks in people living in close quarters (ex: prisons, dorms, etc)
Vaccine is available.
Question 17
Hematologic neoplasms
Correct Answer
Cancer that affects blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and lymphoid tissues.
Question 18
Macrophage
Correct Answer
Phagocytotic WBCs that also act as antigen-presenting cells
Secrete TNF-alpha and ILs
Page 4 of 50
(Modules 1 - 3) Questions and Correct
Answers
Question 1
Granulation
Correct Answer
New fibrous tissue formed during wound healing; involves fibroblasts, which
synthesize collagen and the ECM needed for wound healing
Question 2
Anaphylaxis
Correct Answer
A severe, life-threatening type I immediate hypersensitivity reaction. Can cause
itching, urticaria (hives), and bronchoconstriction. Widespread vasodilation can
cause a decrease in blood pressure and vascular shock.
Question 3
Hemtaocrit (Hct)
Correct Answer
Percentage of blood that consists of RBCs. Part of CBC.
Normal values:
Males: 45- 52%
Females: 37 - 48%
Question 4
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
Correct Answer
Sudden inability to breathe occurring during sleep; symptom of left heart failure
Page 1 of 50
,Question 5
Acute retroviral syndrome
Correct Answer
Occurs 1-6 weeks after HIV exposure in 50-70% of infected individuals; flu-like
symptoms including fever, headache, and fatigue.
Patients are often seronegative at this time.
Question 6
Malaria
Correct Answer
Disease caused by protozoans of the plasmodium genus
Transmitted by Anopheles mosquito vectors
Question 7
Histology
Correct Answer
Microscopic study of tissues and cells
Question 8
Leukemia
Correct Answer
Hematologic neoplasm where malignancy is mainly located in the blood
Question 9
Lymphoma
Correct Answer
Hematologic neoplasm where malignancy is mainly located in lymph nodes or
lymphoid tissues
Page 2 of 50
,Question 10
Acute rhinitis
Correct Answer
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa with sneezing, tearing, and profuse secretion of
watery mucus, as seen in the common cold
Question 11
Neutrophils in WBC with differential
Correct Answer
40% to 80%
Question 12
Acute sinusitis
Correct Answer
Infection of the facial sinuses and membranes of the nose
Question 13
Type I hypersensitivity
Correct Answer
Immediate hypersensitivity. IgE mediated.
Ex: allergies, anaphylaxis
Question 14
Dysrhythmia
Correct Answer
Potentially fatal disturbances in heart rhythem; also called arrhythmias
Page 3 of 50
, Question 15
Neutrophils
Correct Answer
WBC
Granulocyte
Phagocytotic cells that primarily fight bacterial and fungal infections
Most abundant WBC type after acute infection
Question 16
Neisseria meningitidis
Correct Answer
aka meningococcus
A gram-negative bacteria that is a common cause of bacterial meningitis.
Can cause outbreaks in people living in close quarters (ex: prisons, dorms, etc)
Vaccine is available.
Question 17
Hematologic neoplasms
Correct Answer
Cancer that affects blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and lymphoid tissues.
Question 18
Macrophage
Correct Answer
Phagocytotic WBCs that also act as antigen-presenting cells
Secrete TNF-alpha and ILs
Page 4 of 50
