GCH 205 Module 1 Exam Practice Questions
with Verified Correct Answers
Risk factor
exposure that increases likelihood of developing outcome
Primordial prevention
general habits and environmental conditions that prevent risk factors from developing
Causation
exposure causes outcome
Causal factor
scientifically tested and shown to occur before disease outcome & cannot be reversed
Association
statistical relationship between two variables (cannot determine causality)
Bradford Hill criteria
conditions that provide support for causal relationship
Non-modifiable factors
cannot be changed through health interventions (age, genes)
Modifiable factors
can be avoided (like behavioral risk factors)
Health transition
shift in health status of populations that usually occurs with socioeconomic development
Risk transition
health transition characterized by a shift from exposure that increases risk of childhood
infectious disease to exposures that increase risk of chronic disease
Dual burden of disease
, countries that have to respond to acute and past infectious challenges simultaneously
Health disparity
avoidable difference in health status between populations
International health
efforts to alleviate poverty-related health conditions in lower income areas (cooperative effort)
Global health
includes patients from many countries, emphasizes how globalization affects health of all
people, applies interprofessional and multisectoral lenses
New health technologies
led to better health, but the gap has widened; efforts have been made to help lower income
people
Globalization
process of countries around the world becoming more integrated across economic, political,
and other domains
Pathogen
bacteria, virus, or microorganism that can cause disease
Global cooperation
all participating countries benefit from cooperation in global health
Human security
freedom from fear and freedom that results from economic, food, health, environmental,
personal, political, and community safety
High-income country investment
creates fortified homeland security, expanded markets for trade, and stronger diplomatic
relations
Global health security
public health interventions implemented by governments & military to protect populations
from threats to health and safety
GHSA
with Verified Correct Answers
Risk factor
exposure that increases likelihood of developing outcome
Primordial prevention
general habits and environmental conditions that prevent risk factors from developing
Causation
exposure causes outcome
Causal factor
scientifically tested and shown to occur before disease outcome & cannot be reversed
Association
statistical relationship between two variables (cannot determine causality)
Bradford Hill criteria
conditions that provide support for causal relationship
Non-modifiable factors
cannot be changed through health interventions (age, genes)
Modifiable factors
can be avoided (like behavioral risk factors)
Health transition
shift in health status of populations that usually occurs with socioeconomic development
Risk transition
health transition characterized by a shift from exposure that increases risk of childhood
infectious disease to exposures that increase risk of chronic disease
Dual burden of disease
, countries that have to respond to acute and past infectious challenges simultaneously
Health disparity
avoidable difference in health status between populations
International health
efforts to alleviate poverty-related health conditions in lower income areas (cooperative effort)
Global health
includes patients from many countries, emphasizes how globalization affects health of all
people, applies interprofessional and multisectoral lenses
New health technologies
led to better health, but the gap has widened; efforts have been made to help lower income
people
Globalization
process of countries around the world becoming more integrated across economic, political,
and other domains
Pathogen
bacteria, virus, or microorganism that can cause disease
Global cooperation
all participating countries benefit from cooperation in global health
Human security
freedom from fear and freedom that results from economic, food, health, environmental,
personal, political, and community safety
High-income country investment
creates fortified homeland security, expanded markets for trade, and stronger diplomatic
relations
Global health security
public health interventions implemented by governments & military to protect populations
from threats to health and safety
GHSA
