CONCEPTUAL PHYSICS 13TH EDITION
TERMINAL CERTIFICATION EVALUATION
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH FULL
SOLUTION ALREADY PASSED
⩥ Heat.
Answer: The energy that flows from a substance of higher temperature
to a substance of lower temperature, commonly measured in calories or
joules.
⩥ Internal energy.
Answer: The total of all molecular energies, kinetic plus potential, that
are internal to a substance.
⩥ Specific heat capacity.
Answer: The quantity of heat per unit mass required to raise the
temperature of a substance by 1 Celsius degree.
⩥ Conduction.
Answer: The transfer of heat energy by molecular and electron collisions
within a substance (especially a solid).
⩥ Convection.
,Answer: The transfer of heat energy in a gas or liquid by means of
currents in the heated fluid. The fluid moves, carrying energy with it.
⩥ Radiation.
Answer: The transfer of energy by means of electromagnetic waves.
⩥ Terrestrial radiation.
Answer: The radiation emitted by Earth to outer space.
⩥ Newton's law of cooling.
Answer: The rate of loss of heat from a warm object is proportional to
the temperature difference between the object and its surroundings.
(Similarly for the gain of heat by a cool object.)
⩥ Greenhouse effect.
Answer: Warming of the lower atmosphere by short-wavelength
radiation from the Sun that penetrates the atmosphere, is absorbed by
Earth, and is reradiated at longer wavelengths that cannot easily escape
Earth's atmosphere.
⩥ Solar constant.
Answer: W1400 J/m2 received from the Sun each second at the top of
Earth's atmosphere on an area perpendicular to the Sun's rays; expressed
in terms of power, 1.4 kW/m2.
,⩥ Solar power.
Answer: Energy per unit time received from the Sun.
⩥ Evaporation.
Answer: The change of phase from liquid to gaseous.
⩥ Sublimation.
Answer: The change of phase from solid to gaseous, bypassing the
liquid phase.
⩥ Condensation.
Answer: The change of phase from gaseous to liquid.
⩥ Boiling.
Answer: The rapid evaporation that takes place within a liquid as well as
at its surface.
⩥ Regelation.
Answer: The process of melting under pressure and then subsequently
refreezing when the pressure is removed.
⩥ Heat pump.
, Answer: A device that transfers heat out of a cool environment and into a
warm environment.
⩥ Latent heat of fusion.
Answer: The amount of energy required to change a unit mass of a
substance from solid to liquid (and released in the reversed process).
⩥ Latent heat of vaporization.
Answer: The amount of energy required to change a unit mass of a
substance from liquid to gas (and released in the reverse process).
⩥ Thermodynamics.
Answer: The study of heat and its transformation into different forms of
energy.
⩥ Absolute zero.
Answer: The lowest possible temperature that a substance can have; the
temperature at which particles of a substance have their minimum
kinetic energy.
⩥ Internal energy
(thermo).
TERMINAL CERTIFICATION EVALUATION
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH FULL
SOLUTION ALREADY PASSED
⩥ Heat.
Answer: The energy that flows from a substance of higher temperature
to a substance of lower temperature, commonly measured in calories or
joules.
⩥ Internal energy.
Answer: The total of all molecular energies, kinetic plus potential, that
are internal to a substance.
⩥ Specific heat capacity.
Answer: The quantity of heat per unit mass required to raise the
temperature of a substance by 1 Celsius degree.
⩥ Conduction.
Answer: The transfer of heat energy by molecular and electron collisions
within a substance (especially a solid).
⩥ Convection.
,Answer: The transfer of heat energy in a gas or liquid by means of
currents in the heated fluid. The fluid moves, carrying energy with it.
⩥ Radiation.
Answer: The transfer of energy by means of electromagnetic waves.
⩥ Terrestrial radiation.
Answer: The radiation emitted by Earth to outer space.
⩥ Newton's law of cooling.
Answer: The rate of loss of heat from a warm object is proportional to
the temperature difference between the object and its surroundings.
(Similarly for the gain of heat by a cool object.)
⩥ Greenhouse effect.
Answer: Warming of the lower atmosphere by short-wavelength
radiation from the Sun that penetrates the atmosphere, is absorbed by
Earth, and is reradiated at longer wavelengths that cannot easily escape
Earth's atmosphere.
⩥ Solar constant.
Answer: W1400 J/m2 received from the Sun each second at the top of
Earth's atmosphere on an area perpendicular to the Sun's rays; expressed
in terms of power, 1.4 kW/m2.
,⩥ Solar power.
Answer: Energy per unit time received from the Sun.
⩥ Evaporation.
Answer: The change of phase from liquid to gaseous.
⩥ Sublimation.
Answer: The change of phase from solid to gaseous, bypassing the
liquid phase.
⩥ Condensation.
Answer: The change of phase from gaseous to liquid.
⩥ Boiling.
Answer: The rapid evaporation that takes place within a liquid as well as
at its surface.
⩥ Regelation.
Answer: The process of melting under pressure and then subsequently
refreezing when the pressure is removed.
⩥ Heat pump.
, Answer: A device that transfers heat out of a cool environment and into a
warm environment.
⩥ Latent heat of fusion.
Answer: The amount of energy required to change a unit mass of a
substance from solid to liquid (and released in the reversed process).
⩥ Latent heat of vaporization.
Answer: The amount of energy required to change a unit mass of a
substance from liquid to gas (and released in the reverse process).
⩥ Thermodynamics.
Answer: The study of heat and its transformation into different forms of
energy.
⩥ Absolute zero.
Answer: The lowest possible temperature that a substance can have; the
temperature at which particles of a substance have their minimum
kinetic energy.
⩥ Internal energy
(thermo).
