ARDMS echo exam | Actual Questions And Answers Latest
Updated 2026/2027 (Graded A+)
• Question
what length PR interval indicates heart block?
Correct Answer: >200ms
• Question
how many beats should you measure for a patient in afib?
Correct Answer: 5 consecutive beats
• Question
what congenital heart disease is associated with wolff parkinson white syndrome?
Correct Answer: ebstein's anomaly
• Question
mitral valve prolapse will cause what timing of MR?
Correct Answer: mid-late systolic MR
• Question
pulmonary acceleration time/pulmonic valve acceleration time
Correct Answer: PW Doppler PSAX at PV annulus interval between onset of pulmonary
flow and peak velocity decreased acceleration time (<130 msec) is assoc. with
increased pulmonary resistance/PHTN
• Question
what indicates severely elevated pulmonary artery pressure?
Correct Answer: PVAT/PAT <80 msec, systolic notching
• Question
what is the formula for mean pulmonary artery pressure (mpap)?
Correct Answer: 80-0.5XPVAT
• Question
Qp/Qs
Correct Answer: I. ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow
II. CSA(RVOT)XVTI(RVOT)/CSA(LVOT)XVTI(LVOT)
III. >1.5:1= hemodynamically significant shunt
,• Question
what s/p repair may have severe PI?
Correct Answer: tetralogy of fallot
• Question
what view is best to identify cleft MV?
Correct Answer: PSAX MV
• Question
what view is best to identify flail MV leaflet?
Correct Answer: PLAX or A4C
• Question
what is parachute MV?
Correct Answer: a single or fused papillary muscle that all chordae connect to
• Question
what view is best to diagnose parachute MV?
Correct Answer: psax pap level shows one pap muscle apical shows funnel appearance
of MV
• Question
what does parachute MV cause?
Correct Answer: MS
• Question
what causes parachute MV?
Correct Answer: abnormal LV compaction
• Question
what is the mechanical index?
Correct Answer: a measure of acoustic power
• Question
what is the max mechanical index for contrast echo?
Correct Answer: 0.3
,• Question
what is the normal mechanical index for regular echo?
Correct Answer: 1.3
• Question
what is the maximum FDA approved mechanical index?
Correct Answer: 1.9
• Question
where is the Swan Ganz catheter best seen?
Correct Answer: RVOT
• Question
sinus of valsalva rupture
Correct Answer: most commonly right sinus of valsalva ruptures into RA
• Question
best view to see sinus of valsalva rupture?
Correct Answer: PSAX aov
• Question
what type of murmur does sinus of valsalva rupture have?
Correct Answer: continuous murmur, accentuated in diastole
• Question
what is assoc. with Sinus of valsalva aneurysm?
Correct Answer: AI, bicuspid aov, VSD
• Question
what disease commonly causes coronary artery dilation?
Correct Answer: Kawasaki disease
• Question
what causes are assoc. with endocarditis?
Correct Answer: IVDU, Lupus (libman sacks non-bacterial endocarditis), arthritis
, • Question
Severe PHTN occurs with a PASP of?
Correct Answer: I. >or = to 60mmHg
II. normal is <35 mmHg
III. mild is 35-49 mmHg
IV. mod is 50-59
• Question
What is the only view that shows the posterior leaflet of the TV?
Correct Answer: RVIT view
• Question
In what views is PDA assessed?
Correct Answer: SSN long axis, high PLAX pulm artery, high PSAX PA bifurcation
• Question
what is a normal decel time for MV inflow?
Correct Answer: 140-240 ms
• Question
what forms the septal leaflets of the MV and TV and the IAS and IVS?
Correct Answer: Endocardial tissue/endocardial cushion
• Question
When is the heart fully formed?
Correct Answer: in the 7th-8th week of gestation
• Question
What part of the primary heart tube becomes the RV?
Correct Answer: the bulbis cordis
• Question
What part of the primary heart tube becomes the LV?
Correct Answer: primitive ventricle
• Question
What is a normal MV area?
Correct Answer: 4-6 cm2
Updated 2026/2027 (Graded A+)
• Question
what length PR interval indicates heart block?
Correct Answer: >200ms
• Question
how many beats should you measure for a patient in afib?
Correct Answer: 5 consecutive beats
• Question
what congenital heart disease is associated with wolff parkinson white syndrome?
Correct Answer: ebstein's anomaly
• Question
mitral valve prolapse will cause what timing of MR?
Correct Answer: mid-late systolic MR
• Question
pulmonary acceleration time/pulmonic valve acceleration time
Correct Answer: PW Doppler PSAX at PV annulus interval between onset of pulmonary
flow and peak velocity decreased acceleration time (<130 msec) is assoc. with
increased pulmonary resistance/PHTN
• Question
what indicates severely elevated pulmonary artery pressure?
Correct Answer: PVAT/PAT <80 msec, systolic notching
• Question
what is the formula for mean pulmonary artery pressure (mpap)?
Correct Answer: 80-0.5XPVAT
• Question
Qp/Qs
Correct Answer: I. ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow
II. CSA(RVOT)XVTI(RVOT)/CSA(LVOT)XVTI(LVOT)
III. >1.5:1= hemodynamically significant shunt
,• Question
what s/p repair may have severe PI?
Correct Answer: tetralogy of fallot
• Question
what view is best to identify cleft MV?
Correct Answer: PSAX MV
• Question
what view is best to identify flail MV leaflet?
Correct Answer: PLAX or A4C
• Question
what is parachute MV?
Correct Answer: a single or fused papillary muscle that all chordae connect to
• Question
what view is best to diagnose parachute MV?
Correct Answer: psax pap level shows one pap muscle apical shows funnel appearance
of MV
• Question
what does parachute MV cause?
Correct Answer: MS
• Question
what causes parachute MV?
Correct Answer: abnormal LV compaction
• Question
what is the mechanical index?
Correct Answer: a measure of acoustic power
• Question
what is the max mechanical index for contrast echo?
Correct Answer: 0.3
,• Question
what is the normal mechanical index for regular echo?
Correct Answer: 1.3
• Question
what is the maximum FDA approved mechanical index?
Correct Answer: 1.9
• Question
where is the Swan Ganz catheter best seen?
Correct Answer: RVOT
• Question
sinus of valsalva rupture
Correct Answer: most commonly right sinus of valsalva ruptures into RA
• Question
best view to see sinus of valsalva rupture?
Correct Answer: PSAX aov
• Question
what type of murmur does sinus of valsalva rupture have?
Correct Answer: continuous murmur, accentuated in diastole
• Question
what is assoc. with Sinus of valsalva aneurysm?
Correct Answer: AI, bicuspid aov, VSD
• Question
what disease commonly causes coronary artery dilation?
Correct Answer: Kawasaki disease
• Question
what causes are assoc. with endocarditis?
Correct Answer: IVDU, Lupus (libman sacks non-bacterial endocarditis), arthritis
, • Question
Severe PHTN occurs with a PASP of?
Correct Answer: I. >or = to 60mmHg
II. normal is <35 mmHg
III. mild is 35-49 mmHg
IV. mod is 50-59
• Question
What is the only view that shows the posterior leaflet of the TV?
Correct Answer: RVIT view
• Question
In what views is PDA assessed?
Correct Answer: SSN long axis, high PLAX pulm artery, high PSAX PA bifurcation
• Question
what is a normal decel time for MV inflow?
Correct Answer: 140-240 ms
• Question
what forms the septal leaflets of the MV and TV and the IAS and IVS?
Correct Answer: Endocardial tissue/endocardial cushion
• Question
When is the heart fully formed?
Correct Answer: in the 7th-8th week of gestation
• Question
What part of the primary heart tube becomes the RV?
Correct Answer: the bulbis cordis
• Question
What part of the primary heart tube becomes the LV?
Correct Answer: primitive ventricle
• Question
What is a normal MV area?
Correct Answer: 4-6 cm2
