NUR 210 Exam 4: Questions & Verified Answers
| Comprehensive 2026/2027 Study Guide
1. Latex allergy: risks - ANSWER -frequent use of latex condoms
-healthcare workers
-allergy to avocados, bananas, and some nuts
2. Anaphylactic shock - ANSWER AIRWAY--give epi IV or IM STAT and intubate
if needed
BREATHING--apply O2; mechanically ventilate
CIRCULATION--monitor for distributive shock; give fluids
3. Epinephrine Auto-injector teaching - ANSWER always carry 2 devices
inject by "stabbing" into top of thigh with pants on (AVOID pockets)
call 911 immediately--patient still needs to be monitored
keep epi in cool dark place.
4. Immunocompromised Patient - ANSWER -Do not drink anything that has
been sitting out
-take temp at least once per day
-clean toothbrush once weekly in diswasher or bleach solution
-do not eat raw foods; salad, cottage cheese
-do not scoop litter boxes
-no plants or soil exposure
1
, -antibacterial soap
-AVOID reptiles
5. HIV: Assess - ANSWER CD4 count
ELISA test once per year for at risk patients
6. HIV: Interventions - ANSWER PREVENTION:
-condoms
-PreP (truvada) must take 4 consecutive days in a row before protected; cant
miss more than one dose in a row
-needle safety
-post exposure prophylaxis-start cART within 24-36 hours of exposure
7. HIV: Nutrition - ANSWER high calorie
high protein
low fat
small frequent meals
thrush--treat with anitfungal
8. HIV tx: HAART/cART - ANSWER DOES NOT CURE
Does not prevent secondary/opportunistic infections
MUST TAKE 90% of the time --otherwise resistance will occur
9. HIV: complications --- AIDS - ANSWER CD4 count less than 200mmhg
2
, most likely to experience opportunistic infections
--I.e Pneumocystic jiroveci pneumonia (ASSESS AIRWAY!!)
consult pallative care/hospice
10.candida albicans - ANSWER -Hallmark sign-- white patches in the mouth
-"food doesnt taste right"
-If patient wants a coke they can have it! They just have to rinse mouth out
with water (fungus loves sugar)
11.tuberculosis - ANSWER hallmark sign-- night sweats, high fever, cough
-airborne isolation
-do not trust TB skin test in client with HIV
12.Fungal pneumonia - ANSWER ABC's
monitor ABG--if hypoxemia present
antifungal drugs IV
13.External Radiation - ANSWER -teach client to leave markings in place
-use sunscreen
-wash skin with mild soap and use lotion frequently
14.Breast Cancer: Risks - ANSWER -BRCA 1&2 genes (preventative mastectomy)
-women age 65-80
-elevated estrogen levels
3
, -alcohol consumption
-history of child after 30 years of age
-early menstruation or late menopause
15.Breast cancer: Assess - ANSWER screening history: mammography every
year starting at 45***
-self exam frequency (same time of the month)***
-breast appearance (dimpling, orange peel appearance)
-breast ultrasound if have dense breast tissue; if cant get good mammography
image***
16.Breast Cancer: interventions - ANSWER pre and post
lumpectomy/mastectomy
**prophylactic mastectomy is patient with BRCA 1 and 2 gene
-then external radiation
-chemo
-symptom management
17.Lung Cancer: Risks - ANSWER -environmental exposure
-radon, environmental tobacco smoke, asbestos
-genetic
-inhalant exposure
18.Lung Cancer: Warning signs - ANSWER -hoarse voice**
4
| Comprehensive 2026/2027 Study Guide
1. Latex allergy: risks - ANSWER -frequent use of latex condoms
-healthcare workers
-allergy to avocados, bananas, and some nuts
2. Anaphylactic shock - ANSWER AIRWAY--give epi IV or IM STAT and intubate
if needed
BREATHING--apply O2; mechanically ventilate
CIRCULATION--monitor for distributive shock; give fluids
3. Epinephrine Auto-injector teaching - ANSWER always carry 2 devices
inject by "stabbing" into top of thigh with pants on (AVOID pockets)
call 911 immediately--patient still needs to be monitored
keep epi in cool dark place.
4. Immunocompromised Patient - ANSWER -Do not drink anything that has
been sitting out
-take temp at least once per day
-clean toothbrush once weekly in diswasher or bleach solution
-do not eat raw foods; salad, cottage cheese
-do not scoop litter boxes
-no plants or soil exposure
1
, -antibacterial soap
-AVOID reptiles
5. HIV: Assess - ANSWER CD4 count
ELISA test once per year for at risk patients
6. HIV: Interventions - ANSWER PREVENTION:
-condoms
-PreP (truvada) must take 4 consecutive days in a row before protected; cant
miss more than one dose in a row
-needle safety
-post exposure prophylaxis-start cART within 24-36 hours of exposure
7. HIV: Nutrition - ANSWER high calorie
high protein
low fat
small frequent meals
thrush--treat with anitfungal
8. HIV tx: HAART/cART - ANSWER DOES NOT CURE
Does not prevent secondary/opportunistic infections
MUST TAKE 90% of the time --otherwise resistance will occur
9. HIV: complications --- AIDS - ANSWER CD4 count less than 200mmhg
2
, most likely to experience opportunistic infections
--I.e Pneumocystic jiroveci pneumonia (ASSESS AIRWAY!!)
consult pallative care/hospice
10.candida albicans - ANSWER -Hallmark sign-- white patches in the mouth
-"food doesnt taste right"
-If patient wants a coke they can have it! They just have to rinse mouth out
with water (fungus loves sugar)
11.tuberculosis - ANSWER hallmark sign-- night sweats, high fever, cough
-airborne isolation
-do not trust TB skin test in client with HIV
12.Fungal pneumonia - ANSWER ABC's
monitor ABG--if hypoxemia present
antifungal drugs IV
13.External Radiation - ANSWER -teach client to leave markings in place
-use sunscreen
-wash skin with mild soap and use lotion frequently
14.Breast Cancer: Risks - ANSWER -BRCA 1&2 genes (preventative mastectomy)
-women age 65-80
-elevated estrogen levels
3
, -alcohol consumption
-history of child after 30 years of age
-early menstruation or late menopause
15.Breast cancer: Assess - ANSWER screening history: mammography every
year starting at 45***
-self exam frequency (same time of the month)***
-breast appearance (dimpling, orange peel appearance)
-breast ultrasound if have dense breast tissue; if cant get good mammography
image***
16.Breast Cancer: interventions - ANSWER pre and post
lumpectomy/mastectomy
**prophylactic mastectomy is patient with BRCA 1 and 2 gene
-then external radiation
-chemo
-symptom management
17.Lung Cancer: Risks - ANSWER -environmental exposure
-radon, environmental tobacco smoke, asbestos
-genetic
-inhalant exposure
18.Lung Cancer: Warning signs - ANSWER -hoarse voice**
4
