Language Exam 3.Final Test 2026\2027.
Children with good oral language skills learn to read better than children
with oral language difficulties
true
simple view of reading
decoding x language comprehension = reading comprehension
decoding
word recognition
Language Comprehension
oral language skills
reading disorder (dyslexia)
struggles with decoding, intact lang comp
reading comprehension disorder
intact decoding, impaired lang comp
DLD
impaired decoding and lang comp
word recognition
requires
-phonological awareness
-alphabetic principle
-phonics
-decoding
-recognition of words
active self regulation
motivation and engagement, executive function, strategy use
language comprehension
requires
-cultural and other content knowledge
,Language Exam 3.Final Test 2026\2027.
-reading specific background knowledge
-verbal reasoning
-lang structure
-theory of mind
bridging processes
-print concepts
-reading fluency
-vocab
-morphological awareness
-letter-sound-meaning
should have -- letters by kindergarten
8
RAN
rapid automatic naming: how quickly you can name
children with DLD are at high risk for comprehension impairments. common
deficiencies in:
-word knowledge
-morphology
-syntactic
-inferencing
-comprehension monitoring
-inhibiting irrelevant info
a sentence --
begins with capital letter and ends with full stop
-forms complete thought
-makes sense
-contains verb
basic literacy
sentence to sentence level
critical literacy
, Language Exam 3.Final Test 2026\2027.
connect ideas across sentences
3 ways to comprehend a text
-macrostructure
-metacognitive
-microstructure
macrostructure
overall type of text you are reading (recipe, autobiography) with the story grammar
elements, what is the story about?
metacognitive
"floor plans" thinking through as you are reading, if I am not comprehending, what do i do?
microstructure
"specific elements of house, color of walls" literate language that makes up the
macrostructure
information used to comprehend text
1. text grammars
2. content facts
3. content schema
text grammars
frequent organizational patterns of text elements that is independent of specific content
examples of text grammars
narratives and expository
-need to master both
narratives
recounts, accounts, scripts, fictional stories
recounts
retelling an event
accounts
description of what is happening right now
scripts
mitigate everyday life (routines, going to the airport)
Children with good oral language skills learn to read better than children
with oral language difficulties
true
simple view of reading
decoding x language comprehension = reading comprehension
decoding
word recognition
Language Comprehension
oral language skills
reading disorder (dyslexia)
struggles with decoding, intact lang comp
reading comprehension disorder
intact decoding, impaired lang comp
DLD
impaired decoding and lang comp
word recognition
requires
-phonological awareness
-alphabetic principle
-phonics
-decoding
-recognition of words
active self regulation
motivation and engagement, executive function, strategy use
language comprehension
requires
-cultural and other content knowledge
,Language Exam 3.Final Test 2026\2027.
-reading specific background knowledge
-verbal reasoning
-lang structure
-theory of mind
bridging processes
-print concepts
-reading fluency
-vocab
-morphological awareness
-letter-sound-meaning
should have -- letters by kindergarten
8
RAN
rapid automatic naming: how quickly you can name
children with DLD are at high risk for comprehension impairments. common
deficiencies in:
-word knowledge
-morphology
-syntactic
-inferencing
-comprehension monitoring
-inhibiting irrelevant info
a sentence --
begins with capital letter and ends with full stop
-forms complete thought
-makes sense
-contains verb
basic literacy
sentence to sentence level
critical literacy
, Language Exam 3.Final Test 2026\2027.
connect ideas across sentences
3 ways to comprehend a text
-macrostructure
-metacognitive
-microstructure
macrostructure
overall type of text you are reading (recipe, autobiography) with the story grammar
elements, what is the story about?
metacognitive
"floor plans" thinking through as you are reading, if I am not comprehending, what do i do?
microstructure
"specific elements of house, color of walls" literate language that makes up the
macrostructure
information used to comprehend text
1. text grammars
2. content facts
3. content schema
text grammars
frequent organizational patterns of text elements that is independent of specific content
examples of text grammars
narratives and expository
-need to master both
narratives
recounts, accounts, scripts, fictional stories
recounts
retelling an event
accounts
description of what is happening right now
scripts
mitigate everyday life (routines, going to the airport)
