UNE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ Cardiac output is equal to heart rate time ________________
Answer: stroke volume
◉ The normal pacemaker of the heart is the ____________________
Answer: SA node
◉ The __________________ nerves increase heart rate and contractibility.
Answer: sympathetic
◉ At resting potential, a cardiac myocyte is __________ on the inside
compared with the outside of the cell.
Answer: Negative
◉ Cross-bridge formation that results in muscle contraction
requires intracellular _________________
Answer: Calcium ions
◉ Thin filaments in cardiac myocytes actin and _____________
,Answer: troponin
◉ The ___________ arteries supply blood to the cardiac myoctes.
Answer: coronary
◉ Associated with differences in circulating estrogens and
androgenic hormones
Answer: Gender
◉ Predisposes to hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
Answer: Obesity
◉ Results from genetic changes and high dietary intake of saturated
fats
Answer: Hyperlipidemia
◉ Contributes to hypertension, urge to smoke and eat, and
dysfunctional carbohydrate metabolism
Answer: sedentary lifestyle
◉ Stimulates catecholamine release, increasing blood pressure,
cardiac work, and oxygen demand
Answer: smoking
,◉ marker of inflammation and increased risk for coronary artery
disease
Answer: Increase C-reactive protein
◉ Causes trauma to arterial walls and increased myocardial
workload
Answer: hypertension
◉ Increases body weight and triglyceride levels and has direct toxic
effects on myocardium
Answer: heavy alcohol consumption
◉ Associated with hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and
arterial damage from insulin resistance
Answer: Diabetes
◉ A patient has an embolus lodge in the coronary artery. Which
condition should the nurse monitor for in this patient?
A. mitral stenosis
B. Atherosclerosis
C. Aortic Aneurysm
, D. Mycardial infarction
Answer: D. myocardial infarction
◉ A nurse is how prolonged standing can lead to varicose veins.
How should the nurse respond?
A. prolonged standing causes a clot
B. prolonged standing increases a valves competence
C. prolonged standing leads to stunning, hibernation, and
remodeling
D. Prolonged standing diminished the action of the muscle pump to
return blood to the heart
Answer: D. prolonged standing diminished the action of the muscle
pump to return blood to the heart
◉ In the cardiac cycle, the ventricles contract during:
A. the refractory period
B. disease
C. repolarization
D. systole
Answer: D. systole
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ Cardiac output is equal to heart rate time ________________
Answer: stroke volume
◉ The normal pacemaker of the heart is the ____________________
Answer: SA node
◉ The __________________ nerves increase heart rate and contractibility.
Answer: sympathetic
◉ At resting potential, a cardiac myocyte is __________ on the inside
compared with the outside of the cell.
Answer: Negative
◉ Cross-bridge formation that results in muscle contraction
requires intracellular _________________
Answer: Calcium ions
◉ Thin filaments in cardiac myocytes actin and _____________
,Answer: troponin
◉ The ___________ arteries supply blood to the cardiac myoctes.
Answer: coronary
◉ Associated with differences in circulating estrogens and
androgenic hormones
Answer: Gender
◉ Predisposes to hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes
Answer: Obesity
◉ Results from genetic changes and high dietary intake of saturated
fats
Answer: Hyperlipidemia
◉ Contributes to hypertension, urge to smoke and eat, and
dysfunctional carbohydrate metabolism
Answer: sedentary lifestyle
◉ Stimulates catecholamine release, increasing blood pressure,
cardiac work, and oxygen demand
Answer: smoking
,◉ marker of inflammation and increased risk for coronary artery
disease
Answer: Increase C-reactive protein
◉ Causes trauma to arterial walls and increased myocardial
workload
Answer: hypertension
◉ Increases body weight and triglyceride levels and has direct toxic
effects on myocardium
Answer: heavy alcohol consumption
◉ Associated with hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and
arterial damage from insulin resistance
Answer: Diabetes
◉ A patient has an embolus lodge in the coronary artery. Which
condition should the nurse monitor for in this patient?
A. mitral stenosis
B. Atherosclerosis
C. Aortic Aneurysm
, D. Mycardial infarction
Answer: D. myocardial infarction
◉ A nurse is how prolonged standing can lead to varicose veins.
How should the nurse respond?
A. prolonged standing causes a clot
B. prolonged standing increases a valves competence
C. prolonged standing leads to stunning, hibernation, and
remodeling
D. Prolonged standing diminished the action of the muscle pump to
return blood to the heart
Answer: D. prolonged standing diminished the action of the muscle
pump to return blood to the heart
◉ In the cardiac cycle, the ventricles contract during:
A. the refractory period
B. disease
C. repolarization
D. systole
Answer: D. systole
